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By Gerd Weyand

Gontermann-Peipers GmbH (GP) Germany developed a new, high alloyed steel grade for the manufacturing of back-up rolls. The advanced GP double pour casting processes provide highest flexibility in being quite open in rolls work layer chemistry and hence microstructure with no influence on core respectively neck properties. GP took the process advantage to provide a brand new back-up roll grade with remarkably reduced roll wear while operating with textured work rolls. In the meantime several successful trials have been made with this new roll grade on different Skin Pass Mills. As a result the performance of back-up roll and thus availability of mill will be improved while specific costs for mill will drop. This quite new back-up roll grade has recently been launched. As next step increasing the field of applications is under progress.

Aug 17, 2017

By Henry Chumienski

Next to the paper industry, the steel industry is a major user of water. Without an adequate and reliable source of “good” water, steel cannot be produced. The use of water has a direct impact on steel quality and on our environment. Used improperly, water can also add unnecessary costs. Used properly, water can maintain and improve steel quality, enhance our environment and control or reduce the “total cost of operation”. Water needs to be more than just “wet and not lumpy”. Water quality needs to be based on the end use. This paper discusses ways to manage many of the water systems. With little or no capital investment it is possible to develop operating practices that protect your initial investment, ensure that the water systems do not have a negative impact on quality or your production costs and also minimize your chance of having an environmental incident.

Jul 30, 2018

By Thomas Schanz

Current steel market conditions require small investments only to lower operational cost. SMS Concast has developed new products which optimize continuous casting process cost for long product steel production. This paper describes a selection of three products. All three systems are patented (patent pending for CONDRIVE). CONSAFE, a non-radioactive mould level measurement system for reliable mould level measuring on open stream casting CCM’s; CONSTIR-MWS, an improved control software for electromagnetic stirrers which lowers energy cost by 35%; CONDRIVE, a brand new oscillation drive system which provides the features of a hydraulic oscillator, however with a cost efficient electric drive.

Aug 17, 2017

By Karl Berger

As the hot rolling of steel moves into new more compact and effective processes, and as steel producers look for new ways to reduce their costs and increase their margins in ever tightening markets and tolerances, the evolution in Steckel mill technology, layouts, and new innovations may well keep the Steckel mill as a viable option, especially in areas of the world where minimized capital investments are required. In this paper we examine the evolution of the Steckel mills over the last two decades, with emphasis on new innovations and practical results, and provide a summary of hands on experience with some of these innovations. Also a focus on the South American Installations is given (from Siderperu to Gerdau’s newest Combination- Plate-Steckel-Mill). In addition, we aim to show the viability of the Steckel mill as an option for many existing or prospective steel producers, as the quality of the products rolled with Steckel mills reaches new quality parameters and as new innovations permit the rolling of thinner and wider materials, reaching new applications and wider share in markets, while maintaining a strong foothold in the traditional uses of Steckel mill products such as stainless steel, structural, and line pipe materials. As the ability to handle heavier, thicker, and wider coiled plate products increases, the coiled plate Steckel mills option is as strong an option as ever.

Aug 17, 2017

By Konrad Krimpelstätter

The need for more effective and flexible roll-gap lubrication technologies in hot and cold rolling mills is steadily increasing due to ever-greater requirements placed on the rolling process and the final products. In particular, the rolling of high-strength steels poses enormous demands for both the rolling mill and the coolant/lubricant to be used. The presented paper focuses on two innovative technologies for highly efficient roll-gap lubrication for hot and cold rolling, which were developed utilizing extensive knowledge and expertise about the tribological interactions in the roll-gap. The advanced work-roll lubrication package (A-WRL) for hot rolling and ESP mills is using specially designed mixer-nozzle units to mix the water/oil emulsion very close to the nozzles to minimize the risk for contamination and clogging. The nozzles are quickly exchangeable and are optimized to ensure uniform lubricant distribution, high plateout efficiency and minimum oil consumption. This eco-friendly solution does not require any chemical additives or cleaning agents and significantly reduces electrical energy consumption and work-roll wear. The roll cooling system on mill entry and exit side remains switched-on, which is of vital importance especially for highperformance hot strip mills. Minimum Quantity Lubrication MQL® represents a new generation of roll-gap lubrication technologies for cold rolling, which applies minimum amounts of pure rolling oil finely atomized with pressurized air directly onto the work roll surface. This allows controlling the oil film thickness depending on actual process and product parameters, providing increased lubrication flexibility, significant improvement of strip surface cleanliness through reduction of strip wear. MQL® was successfully installed and tested on two industrial tandem cold rolling mills in Europe. Advanced WRL and MQL® represent Primetals’ latest technologies that feature a robust and reliable system comprising standardized interfaces and flexible communication options. Both packages can easily be integrated into existing or new hot strip mills, ESP lines or cold mills.

Aug 17, 2017

By Rudolf Lesch

Till date, coke has been produced mainly from coals with a content of volatile matters in the range of 20% to 28% and good coking properties. If such so-called "selfcoking" coals are available, blast furnace coke or foundry coke with the required quality characteristics can be produced in top-charged horizontal ovens. In this case, the possibility of using high-volatile coals and in particular coals with low-caking properties is very restricted. Even if high-volatile coking coals have good coking properties, coke produced from such coal alone will not meet the requirements in terms of coke strength. The mechanical coke properties are influenced by the charge coal blend and the coking conditions. In this context, the bulk density of the oven charge is a decisive factor. Research and development in the field of coke production in horizontal chamber ovens aims at improving the specific oven throughput, increasing the raw material basis and introducing environmental protection technologies. The key factor, however, is to guarantee and further improve the rentability of the coke production. It is very important to reduce the cost of the charge coal to a minimum at the same time maintaining or even improving the coke quality.

Aug 17, 2017

By Günther Staudinge

Aperam is a global player in producing of stainless, electrical and special steel qualities. The steelmaking plant in Timoteo Brasil is equipped with one AODconverter for stainless steel and one MRPL-converter for special steel production. After almost 20 years of operation Aperam decided to exchange the existing 80 t MRP-L converter by a new one including a new trunnion ring and a state of the art suspension system. Due to an optimized design the inner volume of the new converter could be increased which comes along with improved production. A special feature is a flange connection in the barrel section of the converter. This allowed to avoid any critical site welding and the time between shut down of the old and cold commissioning of the new converter could be done with 17 days only.

Aug 17, 2017

By Ernst Lindemann

Steel suppliers are required to deliver sheets with particular qualities and with lightweight-potential to the automotive industry. New types of steel call for new production processes. SMS group has developed a new micro-mill-concept, the core of which is the belt caster. This was first built on an industrial scale and has been put into operation and developed together with Salzgitter Flachstahl GmbH. The robustness in industrial-scale operation could be verified. The full use of the belt casting technology, mainly related to energy efficiency and CO2 reduction, is realized with the micro-mill-concept. This is an in-line-process, casting and rolling in one line.

Aug 17, 2017

By Maurizio Massimo

Danieli developed the “3Q” suite of process control technologies to address three critical principles: delivering the highest product Quality, in the required Quantity, with Quickness of response required for today’s casting machines. Ever increasing market demands for productivity and slab quality necessitate the latest advances/improvements in equipment design, process technology, and control software for all types of slab casters, and Danieli boasts a unique experience that extends from ultra high-speed thin slab casters to extra high-thickness conventional slab casters. The “3Q” system is monitored and controlled by a unique, intelligent HMI incorporating. Touch screen technology and Operator Assistant tablets. Operator Assistant is a tablet based system that guides the operator through the plant process, so that in the event of a process change or an alarm the operator is automatically presented with the choice of possible solutions / actions. The comprehensive range of technological packages cover all aspects of caster design and automation control, from feeding of liquid steel into the tundish to the final slab leaving the caster.

Aug 17, 2017

By Claudio Fabbro

The increasing demand of wire rod high carbon grades for both small and large sizes are challenging the wire rod producers to enhance new technologies by combining high plant productivity and efficiency of superior quality finished products with extreme process flexibility. The possibility to change process route according to the final application of the rolled steel grade and to simplify production planning is one of the most important keys to success that distinguishes the mill plants developed by Danieli. This paper will focus on the most important metallurgical and process targets and on the in-line heat treatment technologies representing the core of Danieli know-how on high carbon grades production.

Jul 30, 2018

By Thiago dos Santos Durães

Consiste em apresentar o trabalho realizado de Substituição de Medidor de Vazão Pitot de Média por Tecnologia Ultrassônica Tempo de Trânsito na Medição de Vazão de Gás de Alto Forno, sua performance de funcionamento e principais vantagens de utilização na medição de vazão deste Gás Siderúrgico.

Aug 16, 2017

By Marcela Gotelip Barbosa

Pellets are the main iron input to the blast furnace at ArcelorMittal Lazaro Cardenas iron and steel making facility in Mexico. Pellets are made at this facility using the concentrates generated and shipped from their captive mines viz., Las Truchas, Pena Colorada, Volcan Sonora. The concentrating plants, after grinding the ore to the liberation size, use magnetic separation and flotation to reject the silica, sulphur and phosphorous impurities. At Volcan Sonora Mines, the ore is contaminated with phosphorous minerals, and hence, after magnetic separation, the phosphate minerals are floated using anionic carboxylate collector (sodium oleate). Apart from floating the phosphate minerals, the sodium oleate also has some tendency to smear on the iron bearing mineral surfaces leaving a hydrophobic surface, which is expected to reduce the green pellet strength due to absorption of ultrafine sized air bubbles on these surfaces, and further generate higher levels of dust during the induration process. In order to alleviate this industrial problem, comparative studies were carried out on the concentrates from magnetic separation using reagents from synthetic sarcosinate and carboxylate family collectors. Results have indicated that the sarcosinate family members not only were found as replacement to carboxylate collectors, but also reduce the phosphorous content below the values achieved with oleate, thus have considerable benefits in the downstream steel making process. Based on the results, plant runs are being taken up at Volcan Sonora. In this article, the laboratory results obtained on iron grades and recoveries, and phosphorous rejection using both the reagents are presented.

Aug 1, 2018

By Eltton de Sousa Veras

Entendendo-se a complexidade e o impacto da etapa de Perfuração e Desmonte de Rochas nos processos unitários subsequentes, foi iniciado um projeto para otimização do planejamento e execução desse processo. Dessa forma, foi desenvolvido um projeto para auxiliar no planejamento e execução das malhas de perfuração utilizando o sistema High Precision Drill System (HP-DS). Foi realizado um levantamento em campo para comprovação dos ganhos potenciais de redução de custo e aumento de produtividade, sendo resultados expressivos do ponto de vista financeiro, operacional e de segurança, possibilitando uma redução potencial de 15,8% (percentual de metragem que não agrega valor) de metros perfurados sem comprometer o grau de fragmentação especificado para as operações unitárias de lavra. A eliminação dessas perdas representaria uma redução potencial de custos na ordem de 20 milhões de reais.

Oct 30, 2017

By Luís Marcelo Marques Tavares

Conforme apresentado na parte 1 do artigo, uma metodologia inédita de previsão de resultados de degradação mecânica de pelotas, desde a usina pelotizadora até o pátio ou forno do cliente, foi proposta, resultando no desenvolvimento de um simulador do processo, o qual permite inserir as características das pelotas produzidas, bem como o fluxograma de manuseio. A fim de demonstrar a utilidade já encontrada pela Samarco na aplicação do simulador, três estudos de casos foram apresentados: no estabelecimento, junto a um cliente, da faixa de tamanhos ótima das pelotas a serem fornecidas, que permitiu o aumento da sua resistência à degradação, minimizando os custos de produção; no auxílio à tomada de decisão em um projeto de expansão na instalação portuária em Ponta Ubú. O último estudo de caso tratou do apoio aos esforços de um cliente situado no Oriente Médio na identificação e tomada de decisão sobre ações que poderiam minimizar a degradação dentro de suas instalações.

Aug 16, 2017

By Maycon Athayde

A Samarco Mineração utiliza combustível gasoso para geração de energia térmica para o endurecimento pelotas de minério de ferro. O balanceamento térmico do forno ocorre através do controle das malhas de instrumentação que são compostas por válvulas de controle, sensores de temperatura, queimadores e sistema de suprimento de Gás Natural Industrial (GNI) para a combustão. A combustão é realizada por meio de queimadores, que são alimentados por uma mistura gasosa de GNI e Ar Atmosférico, ambos a temperatura ambiente. A função do GNI é fornecer a sua máxima capacidade energética para a produção de calor. Já o Ar atmosférico é resfriar o queimador, e estabilizar a chama dentro da câmara e ar primário de combustão. No entanto excesso de ar é fator determinante para eficiência de combustão, pois controla os produtos da queima, entre eles a temperatura. Um grande excesso de ar é indesejável, pois reduz a temperatura da chama, e aumenta as perdas de calor devido à entalpia dos gases.

Aug 1, 2018

By Bianca Proença

Fotocatalisadores de nióbio foram obtidos por anodização a 15 V, utilizando uma solução de K2HPO4 10% p/p em glicerol anidro como eletrólito por 15 minutos. As amostras foram caracterizadas por difração de raios-X para avaliação da estrutura cristalina obtida. A fotodegradação do glicerol (utilizado como agente de sacrifício) foi avaliada pela técnica de cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência.

Aug 16, 2017

By Jorge Alberto Soares Tenório, Susana Marracini Giampietri Lebrão, Guilherme Wolf Lebrão, Jefferson Salvador de Moraes, Viviane Tavares de Moraes

Os resíduos de mineração ou lamas são derivados dos processos de extração e beneficiamento mineral e por sua vez são geralmente armazenados em barragens de rejeitos, que são passivos ambientais. Algumas formas de recuperação de materiais desses resíduos já foram desenvolvidas, contudo a sua aplicação principal ocorre pela incorporação destes rejeitos em agregados da construção civil, visando a diminuição da geração de resíduos. Desta forma o objetivo deste trabalho é a caracterização do resíduo de lama vermelha visando a identificação de elementos que viabilizem os processos de reciclagem para a diminuição dos rejeitos. Para isso se fez uso de técnicas ambientais de classificação de resíduos, tais como: determinação da umidade; classificação granulométrica; determinação da alcalinidade; MEV/EDS e fluorescência de raios-X. As análises de caracterização convergiram para os resultados quantitativos elementar de 8,3 % de Al; 3,8 % de Na; 6,3 % de Si; 0,4 % de Fe; 0,4 % Zr; 0,004 % de Y, 2 % Ti e 0,009 % de Sc. Esta caracterização pode definir parâmetros que influenciam nos métodos para a recuperação de metais.

Oct 3, 2019

By Rudolf Hubmer

In October 2013 JSW Steel decided to place an order to Primetals Technologies Austria (former Siemens VAI Metals Technologies) for the installation of a comprehensive Level 2 process optimization system for more than 20 existing production facilities of various suppliers. For SMS-I new L2 systems are provided for two hot metal pretreatment stations, three hot metal desulphurization stations, three ladle furnaces, two 1-strand slab casters, a ladle tracking system as well as a shop supervisory system. Additionally the existing L2 system for one 1-strand slab caster is being upgraded in the course of the project. In SMS-II new L2 systems for the 7 hot metal desulphurization stations, 4 ladle furnaces, 1 new RH vacuum degasser, ladle tracking system and a shop supervisory system are supplied. Despite of the challenging time schedule the commissioning of the single facilities started within less than 12 month after contract effectiveness. The installed Level 2 process optimization systems together with the achieved results are described in this paper.

Aug 16, 2017

By Diogo Barcellos Moraes

O presente trabalho tem como premissa abordar estudos baseados na metodologia Troca Rápida de Ferramentas (TRF ou em inglês, SMED – Single-Minute Exchange of Die), e realizar um estudo de caso na empresa Votorantim Siderurgia. O objetivo principal é a redução do tempo de setup da máquina de Tela de Coluna, a fim de minimizar o desperdício de tempo e maximizar a produtividade. Além disso, obteve ganhos efetivos no layout de ferramentas, programa 5S, tempo de atividades, entre outros.

Oct 30, 2017

By Madson Pereira Martins

A utilização de resíduos oriundos de processos industriais tem se tornado uma prática muito recorrente em todo mundo devido à questão ambiental. A legislação brasileira estipulou parâmetros rígidos de destino destes materiais e a indústria viu na construção civil uma possibilidade de utilização. Este trabalho tem como objetivo a caracterização do pó de pedra de gnaisse para utilização em concretos. Serão realizados ensaios de granulometria, determinação de massa especifica e material pulverulento. Os resultados mostraram a viabilidade da incorporação deste resíduo para a produção de concretos.

Aug 16, 2017