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By V. Beskrovnaya

Oxidised lead-bearing ores of one of the deposits of Russian Federation represent complex raw materials. Its main components are lead (3.2%~4.7%), silver (100~300 g/t) and zinc (0.7%~0.8%). The sample is characterized as oxidized ore. Silicium (37.4%) and iron (33.2%) are its main com-ponents and present in oxide form. Lead presents as cerussite, anglesite and plumbojarosite have a subject role. Zinc occurs as smithsonite. Certain part of zinc is associated with manganese minerals (psylomelane-pyrolusite). Close association of valuables with manganese-iron mineralization is ob-served. Silver is present in native finely dispersed form. Three options of flowsheets have been developed to recover valuables from the ore. 1. Hydrometallurgical flowsheet of lead and silver recovery on the basis of chloride leaching. 2. Flotation. 3. Flotation -flotation tailings cyanidation. Hydrometallurgical flowsheet of ore processing on the basis of chloride leaching (option I) al-lows to achieve recovery into saleable products of 68.8% Pb and 70.2% Ag. High quality lead concentrate with 71.7% lead and 700 g/t silver was obtained during flotation (option 2). Flotation tailings cyanidation (option 3) provides 24% silver additional recovery (from the ore). Technical and economical evaluation demonstrated that ore flotation (option 2) and flotation with subsequent flotation tailings cyanidation (option 3) are the most cost-efficient. Option II is the most cost-efficient variant of 1 tonne of ore processing (9.05 US dollars).

Jan 1, 2014

By Z. H. Zhang

Shizhuyuan is a world-class WO3, Mo, Bi and CaF2 poly-metallic deposit; it has rich reservation, but great difficulty in ore?s processing; thereby, for many years, it has been the target problem of beneficiation technologies. This paper, while briefly reviews its main scientific and technological advancement, pays special attention to the complete set of new technology and technical index achieved in recent years, which is characterized by using full-floatation flow-sheet as the backbone flow-sheet, explores some key factors influencing tungsten floatation, and presents a brief introduction to such new equipment as flotation column and comprehensive utilization of fluorite.

Jan 1, 2014

By Lilong Huang, Xiang Zhao, Yuan Long, Li Shi, Guowang Zhang, Xiao Xiao

"Vertical stirred mill is expected to upgrade the iron concentrate by further size reduced efficiently. The tests for fine grinding of iron ores from Baiyun Boyu iron ore, Baogang Goup, iron contained tails of Cu-Pb-Zn ore in Wanguo ore, Xiaoshalong iron ore in Qinghai were conducted in this paper. The data of appropriate grinding fineness, optimum grinding conditions and energy consumptions obtained from the test were used to select appropriate scale of the vertical stirred mill, optimize the parameters of the grinding process and upgrade the iron concentrate of the iron ore dressing plant or design the new ore dressing plant. Based on the laboratory tests, industrial system of regrinding and magnetic separation with vertical stirred mill as the regrinding mill in micro-fine grained iron concentrate upgrading has worked out very well. The grade of Fe in iron concentrates has increased to about 65.0% (by 4.0~6.5 point percent) when the iron concentrates were reground to designed fineness and the specific energy is 5.0~7.1kWh/t. The system of regrinding and magnetic separation is proven to be eco-efficient in iron concentrate upgrading."

Jan 1, 2014

By R. ?. Shishmarjov, Yu. ?. Davidenko, S. V. Bukhalov, ?. S. Baksheev, M. S. Shkirya, N. ?. Aikasheva, D. V. Bogdanovich, ?. Yu. Faustova

"The goal of prospecting operations in the Republic of Altay was to locate gold-sulfide-quartz mineralization. For this purpose we applied the technology of electromagnetic sounding and induced polarization (EMS-IP). These operations resulted in localizing promising sites with presence of sulfidization. The EMS-IP method proved to be highly efficient amongst other prospecting methods targeted at recognizing zones of sulfide mineralization making up 91%, considering that in more than half cases the ore intervals were the case. In the Yakutian diamondiferous province the EMS-IP technology was approbated during three field seasons to accomplish the assignments on searching for kimberlite bodies under conditions of various geological types. As a result, the reference objects were distinguished, and geoelectric parameters of kimberlite pipes of explosion were defined.INTRODUCTION In the time span 2015-2016 in Gorny Altay the EMS-IP technology was approbated in the Novokuznetsk area. The on-land areal geophysical survey was performed by EMS-IP method applied to identify, outline and locate promising sites with Au-Ag-bearing polymetallic mineralization within surveyed areas. Compared to the hosting rocks, the sulfides contained in polymetallic mineralization are typified by low specific electrical resistivity (SER) and high polarization. The areal survey conducted via EMS-IP method provided spatial characteristics of searched object. From July 2016 to August 2017 our expedition group carried out serial test works and laboratory investigations intending to define performance capabilities of EMS-IP technology in searching for kimberlite bodies under conditions of diverse geological types. The prerequisites for serial work were operations accomplished at the «Listvenichny» site lying 35 km away from Mirny town in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia), where the EMS-IP technology was probed for locating position and measuring geoelectric parameters of tuff pipe «Buardakhsky». After successful completion of operations it was decided to evaluate geoelectric parameters of kimberlite pipes of explosion."

Jan 1, 2018

By W. H. Yong

The molybdenum ores currently utilized in China are mostly molybdenum sulfide ores, whereas oxidized molybdenum ores have not been exploited and utilized efficiently. The aim of this article is to study the applied mineralogy of an intergrown iron-molybdenum oxidized ore in order to provide a mineralogical basis for the ore beneficiation research. The ore occurred in a surface oxidized zone seam and contained 23.65% Fe2O3 and 1.58% Mo. Various characterization techniques were employed to study the chemical composition and mineral composition of the ore, the particle size distribution of the minerals in the ore, and the tex-ture and structure of the ore. The results showed that the iron-molybdenum ore occurred in a wet, soft and earthy state. The ore was composed mainly of several oxidized minerals and colloidal min-erals, including wulfenite, barite, limonite and quartz. Wulfenite was one of the major and stable components in the ore and occurred as a separate mineral. Wulfenite, barite and quartz were granu-lar minerals with particle size ranging from fine to coarse but mainly in the fine particle range. Li-monite showed a crust and honeycomb-like colloidal state and composed the framework in the ore for the formation of the other minerals. They filled the pores in the framework and the size of the pores affected the size of the minerals formed in the pores and hence the recovery of wulfenite in ore beneficiation. According to the applied mineralogical properties of the oxidized molybdenum ore, a promising ore beneficiation process was proposed as follow Magnetic separation should be carried out first to separate the magnetic iron minerals and then the molybdenum mineral will be recovered by gravity concentration or a combination process of gravity concentration and flotation, depending on the distribution of the molybdenum mineral in the product of the magnetic separation.

Jan 1, 2014

By S. M. Viduka

This paper presents a numerical investigation of solid separation in jigging device, which is a gravity separation method widely used in ore processing. Separation is recognized as being heavily dependent on fluid motion in the jig. This study explores the effects of the inlet time dependent velocity profile on jigging performance. Modelling of the liquid-solid system is performed through a combination of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to simulate liquid flow and discrete element method (DEM) to resolve particle motion. The initial packing conditions consist of a binary-density particle system of 1130 particles each 1 cm in diameter. A variety of jigging profiles are implemented in jigging. The saw tooth pulsation profile is selected with three variations in both amplitude and frequency. The performance of each profile variant is compared in terms of solid flow patterns, separation kinetics, energy, and mean particle position. These quantitative comparisons demonstrate significant differences in the segregation rate, energy, and solid phenomena, helping find an alternative optimum operating setting for the system.

Sep 1, 2012

By Chiharu Tokoro

Acid Mine Drainage (AMD), high acid water containing heavy metals discharged from mines, has been recognized as major cause of mine pollution. In Japan, the government spends billions of yen every year to prevent pollution caused by AMD in about 80 abandoned mines. It is widely recognized that the treatment could continue for long decades or an even century. However, costs and environmental loads are uncertain during the treatment because a predictive model for the quality of AMD, the dosage of neutralizer, and the amount of sludge that is applicable for abandoned mines with limited data has not yet been established. In this study, a two-steps predictive model for solution composition and neutralization chemical requirements of AMD in future was constructed based on the geochemical modeling. Requisite input data of the model was the past historical water quality data from AMD monitoring, such as metal concentration and pH in the solution, instead of the sample rocks as other conventional prediction methods. In the first step, solution composition of AMD in the future was extrapolated from the available historical data using geochemical simulation considering the first order kinetics for the mineral dissolution. In the second step, neutralizer dosage and sludge generation in the future was predicted based on the geochemical simulation supposing the chemical equilibrium and oxidation state for all of elements in the solution. Based on case studies of two abandoned mines in Japan, solution composition, neutralizer dosage and sludge generation were estimated. The results of this study demonstrate the effectiveness of our model for the prediction of AMD quality and chemical requirements of neutralization treatment after mine closing. The model is useful for the estimation of the neutralizer dosage and the sludge volume in abandoned mines with limited data. Keywords: acid mine drainage, predictive model, geochemical modeling, first order kinetics, water monitoring

Sep 1, 2012

By Lang Shiping

The criteria for designing a crushing chamber are presented and a program for designing the shape of the chamber is proposed. During the chamber shape design, major design parameters are analyzed first, optimized parameters are determined next and the basic shape of chamber is figured out finally. In the basic chamber design program, the influence of abrasion of basic chamber shape and material characteristic are not accounted for usually. Here, based on the minimum abrasion of chamber shape and uniform particle size theory, the equation for chamber surface curve and the transcending function were formulated and a low-abrasion chamber was designed. Since the chamber shape designed based on experience and experiments is not necessarily the best, optimal design of the crushing chamber shape was carried out. Cubic spline function was used to represent the chamber shape curve and a mathematical model was formulated. The optimal shape solution was obtained using a complex method. Finally, the optimal chamber shape was determined by matching the moving cone stroke S, moving cone speed N and the moving cone bottom angle Thus, superior technical performance of the cone chamber was achieved.

Sep 1, 2012

By Matheus Tocchini, Henrique Kahn, Juliana Antoniassi, Carina Ulsen, Eldon Masini

"Sand and gravel are the second and third largest minerals in production in Brazil, and this is increasing noticeably. The extraction of natural sand from river beds is increasingly restricted and most of the sand used in large cities comes in from more than 150 km away, resulting in high transportation costs. As a result, it has become more common to use crushed rock as artificial sand. The main difficulties in this process are controlling the shape of the particles and the content of deleterious materials, such as mica. Within this situation, this paper presents an alternative to using artificial sand for concrete use. Our procedure involves the following steps: a) sampling sand from different production days, b) characterizing the bulk sample by particle size and shape distribution, chemical composition by X ray fluorescence and mineralogical composition by X ray diffraction, c) removing fine grains by air classifier, d) performing intensive attrition with high pressure washing and e) characterizing products. The results demonstrated that this sample contains a huge proportion of fine grains and a notable content of mica, which is distributed along all sieve fractions. The presence of mica makes the use of sand in concrete unfeasible, moreover scanning electron microscopy analysis demonstrated that this phylossilicate is finely grained and associated with coarse fractions. Thus, the removal of fine fractions made possible a partial reduction in mica content. Furthermore, intensive attrition demonstrated that the procedure was efficient to remove most of the mica while also reducing sharp edges, which improved the shape of these particles."

Jan 1, 2014

By S. Jagdish

India ranks fourth in the world of iron ore production and exported 55% of the total iron ore production of 180.9 million tons in 2006-07. As per United Nations Framework Classification (UNFC), the total iron ore reserves in India is 25249 mt. This consists of about 14630 mt of Hematite ore and 10619 mt of Magnetite ore. While the deposits of magnetite iron ore are limited to the states of Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu, hematite ore is available in abundance in Jharkhand, Orissa, Chhattisgarh, Karnataka and Goa. National Steel Policy, declared by government of India in 2005 envisages 110 million tons of steel production by 2020. This is likely to be revised upwards. Massive exploration work in iron ore is needed to convert the available resources of iron ore into reserve category. Steel Authority of India Limited (SAIL) produced more than 24.5 million tons of iron ore during 2006-07 and plans to produce 42.0 million tons per year by the year 2010-11 to meet the requirement for a hot metal production of 26.2 million tons. While processing iron ore, the challenge faced would be the reduction of the gangue materials ? alumina and silica. It is proposed to bring down alumina and silica in the iron ore to less than 2% each from the current level of 2.5%~3.5% each. Appropriate beneficiation schemes are being developed depending upon the mineralogical characteristics of iron ores at different mines in the country. The state-of-art beneficiation technologies like Hydro-cyclone, jigging, magnetic separation etc. will be incorporated. SAIL?s corporate plan envisages blast furnace burden of 15% iron ore lumps, 15% pellets and 70% sinter by 2010. This strategy opens up the opportunity of utilization of micro fines generated in the mining and beneficiation processes for pellet making. This also directs towards all together new technological approach to the beneficiation process. SAIL is planning to set-up three pelletisation plants of 2~3 mtpa capacity. Environmental issues like reduction in slime loss and utilization of dumped low-grade iron ore are very important. R&D Centre for Iron and Steel, SAIL has carried out extensive laboratory investigations in the above area. This will help in reducing the loss of valuable iron through slimes and also increase the iron ore resource base. Laboratory investigations indicate that low grade dumped ore fines with Fe: 55.5% can be upgraded to a product with Fe: 66.2% with about 48% recovery.

Jan 1, 2014

By J. Y. P. Leite

In a small-scale mining in Brazil?s northeast, scheelite were exploited since 1940?s using a traditional gravity concentration flowchart (composed by jigs and shacking tables) that operates with low efficient for fine particles. Tailing of this plant was submitted to chemical, mineralogical and size characterization. Results pointed 50% smaller than 74µm with a grade of 0.11% WO3. The particle?s size is an important operational variable to heighten recuperation by shacking tables. Tests using Falcon SB40 centrifuge concentrators and shacking table were realized, optimizing their operational variables. Based on the tests results a new flowchart was proposed for concentrating and tailings recovery.

Sep 1, 2012

This investigation addressed two products from Samarco?s desliming circuit, namely underflow of cleaning cyclones and underflow of desliming cyclones. The roughing cyclones receive the product of the grinding circuit. The underflow of the roughing cyclones feeds the cleaning cyclones and the overflow feeds the desliming cyclones. The underflows of cleaning and roughing cyclones are combined to constitute the feed of the flotation circuit. These fractions were characterized and a new process route was proposed. The size distributions of the two fractions are quite different. The desliming cyclones underflow presents higher amount of material passing 37 µm and of ultrafines as compared with the cleaning cyclones underflow. Laboratory scale flotation tests were performed in a mechanical machine aiming at comparing the performances of these products in the presence of the reagents employed in the concentrator. Pi-lot scale column flotation yielded enhanced iron recoveries for both products in comparison with those achieved in laboratory mechanical cells, without impairing the concentrate quality. The in-crease in recovery was more significant in the case of the cleaning cyclones underflow. These results suggest the use of columns in the flotation of this product aiming at increasing the overall iron recovery. Nevertheless the results also showed that the use of columns to float the cleaning cyclones underflow should also be taken into consideration. Despite the fact that this product requires a longer residence time in order that the required silica content in the concentrate is achieved, the indication is that higher levels of iron recoveries might be reached. The conclusion is that, due to the different behaviors of the two products, they should be processed in distinct circuits to maximize the iron recovery.

Jan 1, 2014

By T. Wallmach, S. B. Blancher, A. Delaporte, P. Goncalves

"Fe-Ti oxides concentrates produced from heavy mineral sand deposits are widely used for the production of titanium dioxide pigments that are critical components of white paint, plastics and paper. According to mining industry, the Fe-Ti concentrates mostly consists of three phases: ilmenite, leucoxene and rutile. However, a few mineralogical studies have shown that the variety of Fe-Ti oxides found in sand deposits is far more complex, mostly due to alteration processes. The aim of this contribution is to characterize in detail by means of Qemscan analyses the mineralogy of the three main concentrates (ilmenite, leucoxene and rutile) produced by the Grande Côte Operation (GCO) mineralurgical plant in Senegal. The ultimate goal is to characterize the different products and textures formed during the natural ilmenite alteration processes, to localize the phases carrying the main impurities (Cr and P), and finally to determine the physical properties of each mineral component to improve metal recoveries. Along alteration processes, Ti content increase. Ilmenite (FeTiO3) is progressively transformed into pseudorutile (Fe2Ti3O9) particles which could also be altered and transformed into hydroxylian pseudorutile [FeTi6O12(OH)3.3H2O] or complex blends of anatase microcrystals (TiO2). These transformations are accompanied by significant changes in particle textures. Microporosity and fractures appear and the impurity content also increases. Anatase rich microcrystal assemblages, so far described as Leucoxene, could be identified to consist of grains with higher porosities, water contents and higher intrapore impurities. These particles are the main carriers of chromium and phosphorus. The observed mineral transition textures have a significant impact on the ore dressing processes. During these transformations, the physical properties of these phases change, the magnetic susceptibility as well as densities decreases, due to the increase in porosity. The separation of particles, especially those with high porosity will help improving the GCO mineralurgical plant performance and to reduce the impurity contents in finals products."

Jan 1, 2018

By P. S. Dash

With implementation of stringent environmental regulations, ultra clean coal technology development programs have gained significant importance worldwide. As far as Indian scenario is concerned, most of the coals present in India are of drift origin and low grade, containing high mineral matter varying from 15% to greater than 50%. The inorganic or ash constituents of Indian coals are finely disseminated through the organic or carbonaceous constituents so, that commonly used physical beneficiation techniques are of only limited value in affecting separation. Chemical processes involve addition of chemicals, which react with the mineral matter and allow its easy removal. The present study envisages the effect of aqueous alkali leaching followed by acid washing on the removal of mineral matter from two different captive coals of Tata Steel at elevated temperature and pressure. The experiments are conducted at desired conditions using a bench scale pressure reactor set up having proper data acquisition and control system. The research study revealed, that it is possible to reduce the ash content up to 70% by this method. The alkali content of the product clean coal does not increase whereas the silica and alumina content reduces by nearly 58% and 62% respectively. Significant reduction in the phosphorus content is observed after the acid treatment. The crucible swelling number of the feed coal improves after the treatment. The mechanism of demineralisation was evaluated by analyzing the coal samples before and after the alkali and acid treatment using scanning electron microscope (SEM). Because of the acidic nature of the silicates and aluminates, they dissolve into the NaOH solution and form sodalite. Sodalite is partially soluble in the alkali solution. The hydrates formed during alkali treatment are partially removed due to acid wash. This study in overall provides an insight into possible alternative methods of beneficiation for removal of ash from high ash Indian coals.

Sep 1, 2012

By A. L. Hinde

The steady-state and dynamic behaviour of semi-autogenous grinding (SAG) mills are arguably best described using a population model that caters for the breakage kinetics and the material trans-port of rock and pulp inside the mill. Breakage kinetics are usually expressed in terms of a specific breakage rate function and a separate primary breakage distribution function. Material transport usually invokes the concept of a specific discharge rate function. Unfortunately, the breakage rate and breakage distribution functions for SAG mills are very difficult to estimate uniquely from plant data alone. Simplifying assumptions must be made to over-come this problem, which leads to many unresolved dilemmas with regard to whether or not the de-rived functions are accurate, precise, and reflect reality. For example, it is sometimes assumed that the breakage distribution function for a SAG mill treating run-of-mine ore can be derived from laboratory dropweight and tumbling tests on small rocks in narrow size ranges. Such tests hardly reflect the environmental conditions likely to be encountered in a pilot or production SAG mill where there is a wide spectrum of particle sizes. It is shown that the dilemmas associated with standard population balance models (models that utilise separate breakage rate and breakage distribution functions) can be overcome by expressing breakage behaviour inside a SAG mill in terms of a single function. This function is an energy-based cumulative breakage rate function defined as the fractional rate at which particles and rocks coarser than a given size break to below that size per unit specific energy input. A model for SAG milling is formulated, which invokes the concept of a cumulative breakage rate function. Comparisons are made between the mathematical structure of this ?simple model? and standard population balance models. Perhaps the most attractive feature of the ?simple model? is that the cumulative breakage rate function can be uniquely estimated from measurements of size distributions and mass flows of the feed and discharge streams together with the size distribution and holdup mass of the mill charge. Such measurement can easily be made at pilot scale. It is concluded that this simplified approach to SAG milling may turn out to be the quickest way to fully describe and quantify the performance of these very complex mills.

Jan 1, 2014

By K. Anand Rao

Extensive exploration for uranium metal by the Department of Atomic Energy in India led to the discovery of new carbonate host rock uranium deposits Tummalapalle and Gogi, which are located in southern part of India. Alkaline leaching at elevated temperature and pressure using autoclave is the central unit process in the overall strategy for extraction of uranium from these new ore deposits. Autoclave leaching is affected largely by intrinsic nature of the ore and by the process variables and the equipment settings. In order to understand such a complex process and also to be able to predict the process performance under randomly (ore grade, uranium mineralogy, gangue mineralogy etc.) and consciously perturbed variable settings (partial pressure of oxygen, temperature, concentration of leachant, stirring speed and time), sound and robust mathematical models are needed with analytical and/or numerical solutions. Present investigation attempts to develop a variant of kinetic correlation based on shrinking core model for batch alkaline leaching process in an autoclave. The leaching model incorporates particle size distribution according to popular Gates-Gaudin-Schuhmann equation, rather than assuming a single mean size for all the particles participating in the leaching reaction. Kinetic experimental data generated in autoclave leaching of Gogi uranium ore was used to evaluate various constants of the model developed. The ore sample used for experiments assayed 0.21 per cent U3O8. The partial pressure of oxygen was varied between 0.15 to 6.5 atm, temperature from 343 K to 438 K, concentration of sodium carbonate leachant in the range 0.47 g mol/L to 0.94 g mol/L, and the stirring speed from 573 rev/min to 900 rev/min in the experiments. The goodness of fit of the leaching process model is found to be >0.95. Morphological studies carried out on leached and unleached particulate matter using Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X ray analyses are included in the present study.

Sep 1, 2012

By Heribert F. Broicher, Arne Volland

The application of remote sensing techniques combined with fluorescence spectroscopy is realised in analytical devices called LIF Analysers. The analysis of laser-induced fluorescence facilitates non-destructive, non-contact, on-line and real-time rock identification and quality control of bulk solids in transport. LKAB of Sweden was the first company to test LIF Analysers in the Kiruna Mine for bulk sorting of run-of-mine ores depending on the phosphorus content. Other applications tested in Germany so far are quality control of limestone (iron and/or dolomite content) and rock identification in lignite mining. Of special interest also is rock identification in diamond mines for dilution control. The paper summarises the present state of the application of LIF Analysers.

Jan 1, 2003

By G. W. Zhang

Ultra-fine Stirred Mill is a kind of high energy efficient equipment for ultra-fine grinding, and has been the mainstream equipment in the submicron powder and slurry industry. This paper mainly describes flow-field numerical simulation of the three popular ultra-fine grinding mills: (respective-ly as) Disc Stirred Mill, Pin Stirred Mill and Spiral Stirred Mill, by means of the software Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). In the flow-field numerical simulation, the velocity gradient, shear rate dispersion of the flow-field, the viscosity dissipation rate were analyzed with CFD. It is discovered that Pin Stirred Mill has the highest velocity gradient in circular directions and the most homogeneous distribution of shear rate among the three. Flow-field numerical simulation provides a new way (and means to) for the parameter optimization design and project enlargement of Ultra-fine Stirred Mill. The experiments were also carried out, the results are consistent with the results of the simulation analysis. For example, in GCC grinding experiments under the same conditions, the specific energy consumption of Pin Stirred Mill with 3600L in volume is 15%~17% less, and its processing capability is 13%~15% better than Disc Stirred Mill. Now with its optimized structure and excellent performances, more than ten sets Pin Stirred Mill with 3600L in volume have been used in industrial production in Shandong, Guangdong and Hunan province.

Jan 1, 2014

By Xiaojing Li, Yueyuan Zhou, Shengyao Ma

The paper presented the acnalysis of field intensity of rare-earth permanent magnet with high BH product and the research of magnet configuration with narrow pole pitch on open magnet surface, both using ANSYS. The possibility to separate micro-disseminated feebly magnetic minerals by improving the field intensity and the capture line distribution rate on open magnet surface were verified. The research on the method to pile up magnets to increase peak value of field intensity on the open magnet to 1.0T was done through correlation analysis between shape and dimensions of magnetic material and field intensity. And the research on technology method to improve capture line distribution rate in the separating field to 1.25×105/m2 was done through optimization design of magnet configuration of the open magnet with narrow pole pitch. Laboratory tests were performed with hematite sample from ore dressing plant such as Hainan mine, Qidong iron ore, etc. The separation results acquired were at the same level as using the electromagnetic separator, verifying the possibility to separate micro-disseminated feebly magnetic minerals with open magnet. The research suggested a new idea about the development of magnetic separator with high efficiency and low costs to separate feebly magnetic minerals and non-magnetic gangues.

Jan 1, 2014

By Fangming Liu

The key problems of current flowsheets and equipments are analyzed. A new steel slag's crushing flowsheet whose key equipments are the improved inertia cone crusher and inertia vibrating jaw crusher is proposed. An advanced two stage open-circuit crushing method is adopted in the flowsheet, with 90% of particle size crushing under 6mm. Using inertia vibrating technology and selective crushing principle the crushers can realize steel slag separating fully into steel and slag and with flexible transmission mechanism the crusher can be protected when iron lump is passing. The flowsheets can enhance the recovery of metal greatly, and expand the application range of tail slag and added value.

Sep 1, 2012