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By A. J. Kraemer

This report on the physical and chemical properties of typical crude oils of California is the 'eighth in a series on the producing districts of the United States. It includes discussion of results, tabulated data, and individual analyses of typical California crudes. Additional analyses of crude oils from the fields of Fresno, Kern, Los Angeles, Orange, end Ventura Counties will be published later in another Serial of the Bureau, but the summary tabulations are presented here. The samples represented in this report were collected over a rather wide interval of tine, the early samples having been obtained during the fall of 1919, and the most recent ones dating from the summer of 1923. It is thought that the samples are fairly representative, both of the older settled production and of the new flush production of the southern California fields.

Jan 1, 1924

The coal-bearing areas of Kansas cover approximately 18,800 square miles (23 percent of the state's total area). Coal in Kansas ranges from lignite to high volatile bituminous, located principally in the south-eastern part of the state. Kansas reserves are estimated to be 987,500,000 tons, approximately 0.2 percent of U.S. reserves. Coal beds generally occur in thin seams up to five feet thick. The overburden-to-coal stripping ratios in Kansas are among the highest in the nation, typically 20 to 1, with some ratios up to 35 to 1. The first commercial coal mining operation in Kansas opened in 1865 at Fort Scott in Bourbon County. As in other states, coal production in Kansas increased during the industrial revolution, and then fell as industry converted to alternative fuels. Production peaked in 1916 and 1917, with annual production of 7,250,000 tons. Coal production today is by surface mining methods. The Kansas regulatory program was approved April 14, 1982; the Abandoned Mine Land Program was approved February 1, 1982; and the emergency program authority was approved January 10,1989.

Jan 1, 1992

The coal-bearing strata of Oklahoma occur in the eastern part of the state over an area of 14,500 square miles, 20.7 percent of the state's total area. Commercially valuable deposits of bituminous coal cover about 8,000 square miles in seams ranging from ten inches to five feet thick. Estimated reserves in Oklahoma are 1.6 billion tons, representing 0.3 percent of U.S. coal reserves. The vast majority of coal mined in Oklahoma used in a single power plant within the state. Oklahoma gained primacy when its regulatory program was conditionally approved January 19, 1981. Authority for the state to administer the Abandoned Mine Land program was granted January21,1982. On April 30,1984, the Office of Surface Mining substituted direct federal enforcement of the inspection and enforcement portions of the Oklahoma program. This substituted enforcement was based upon a finding by OSM that Oklahoma had not operated the inspection and enforcement portions of its program effectively. As of January 1, 1986, Oklahoma inspection and enforcement authority was reinstated. Full program authority was granted to Oklahoma on January 14, 1986.

Jan 1, 1992

By O. C. Blade

This report on the properties of motor fuels sold through service stations in the United states was made in accordance with a cooperative agreement between the American Petroleum Institute and the Bureau of Mines of the United states Department of the Interiors This paper is a continuation of a series made in cooperation with the Coordinating Fuel Research (CFR) Committee of the Coordinating Research Council (CRC), Inc. The first of this series of reports presented data on motor gasolines sold during the winter of 1935-36, and succeeding reports described motor gasolines sold during the summers and winters to and including the summer of 1941.£1 No reports were made on motor gasolines sold during the winter of 1941-42 and during the summer of 1942. However, starting with the winter of 1942-43, the semiannual reports were resumed

Jan 1, 1949

By Amitava Ghosh

A new analytical formula for predicting ground vibrations induced by blasting is proposed. One factor accounts for geometrical spreading. One factor corresponds to inelastic attenuation. The geometrical spreading function is based on likely source geometries, idealized as either square-root, cube-root or site-specific scaling, and on the propagation characteristics of predominant wave types. The inelastic attenuation is approximated by an exponential function. The empirical constants in these functions are backcalculated from field measurements. Regression analysis has been performed on twenty-three sets of measured data in order to determine the validity and the effectiveness of the proposed method. In many cases, the proposed method gives better correlation than the conventional method. In most of the remaining cases, there was no difference between the two methods. Best-fit lines given by the proposed method fit the data trend very well, especially at large scaled distances. At large distances the proposed method gives a prediction much closer to the actual values than the conventional methods. The statistical analysis shows not much difference between square-root, cube-root or site-specific scalings.

Jan 1, 1983

By O. C. Blade

This report on the properties of motor fuels sold through service stations in the United States was made in accordance with a cooperative agreement between the American Petroleum Institute, and the Bureau of Mines of the United States Department of the Interior. This paper is a continuation of a series made in cooperation with the Coordinating Fuel Research (CFR) Committee of the Coordinating Research Council (CRC), Inc. The first of this series of reports presented data on motor gasolines sold during the winter of 1935-36, and succeeding reports described motor gasolines sold during the summers and winters to and including the summer of 1941. No reports were made on motor gasolines sold during the winter of 1941-42 and during the summer of 1942. However, starting with the winter of 1942-43, the semiannual reports were resumed

Jan 1, 1948

By Frank S. Wartman

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Jan 1, 1927

By W. J. Wenger

THIRTY-FOUR analyses of crude oils from the fields of the Four Corners Area of Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, and Utah are presented and compared. The samples, taken from formations in four geological time periods, have high gravity and low-sulfur, -nitrogen, and -asphalt content. Generally, the oils are paraffinic in the low-boiling fractions, with increasing naphthenicity in the higher-boiling fractions. Oils from Cretaceous formations resemble other Cretaceous oils in the Rocky Mountains, but oils from Permian and Pennsylvania formations are unlike other oils of these ages in the Rooky Mountains. The differences in the oils are minor and cannot be used to distinguish between fields or between producing formations. With minimum special processing, the oils should yield large amounts of good-quality motor fuels. INTRODUCTION The only place in the United States where four States have a common junction is known as the Four Corners Area. This area (fig. 1) includes the northeast corner of Arizona, the southwest corner of Colorado, the northwest corner of New Mexico, and the southeast corner of Utah. It includes three major geological basins: The Black Mesa, the San Juan, and the Paradox. Major oil developments have occurred in both the San Juan and Paradox basins, but no discovery of commercial importance has been made in the Black Mesa basin.

Jan 1, 1960

By J. P. Dunford

This U.S. Bureau of Mines report describes the development of a yielding steel post for underground mine support. The report covers concept development, laboratory tests, modifications, and field evaluations. The objective of this work was to develop a stiff support member capable both of supporting high loads and yielding when excessive amounts of mine entry closure were present. The 6-to 7-ft steel post was designed to yield nearly 2 ft while maintaining a 45-ton (force) load. The post is a three-piece unit consisting of top and bottom telescoping legs and a separate foot bracket. It develops its load-carrying characteristics when the lower pipe, with an attached interference ring, is forced into the larger top pipe. Laboratory tests were used to determine critical loads and post performance for various post lengths. Field tests showed that the posts could perform in actual mining conditions. The post has the ability to provide support in highly yielding ground and also, because of its slender profile, enhance ventilation and provide more area for travelways and escapeways. The design is simple enough to allow for fabrication at most mine shop facilities.

Jan 1, 1989

By John C. Machisak

Injury data and experience, with related employment statistics, at coal mines in the United States for 1959 are presented in this publication under the following general sections: (A) General injury experience: Tables 1 to 6: Current data on number of injuries degree of injury, frequency and severity rates, average severity, and related employment and production data by work location. (B) Selected injury experience: Tables 7 to 38: Current data on principal agencies of injuries, distribution of injuries by part of body injured, days of disability, extent of hand and machine loading, experience by employment and production groups, and various other operating factors and physical conditions related to the occurrence of injuries at the Nation's coal mines.

Jan 1, 1961

By O. C. Blade

This report on the properties of motor fuels sold through service stations in the United States was made in accordance with a cooperative agreement between the American Petroleum Institute and the Bureau of Mines of the United States Department of the Interior. By agreement with the American Petroleum Institute, identification of the Items is confidential. It present's analytical data for 4,608 samples, representing the products of 101 companies. The samples were collected during December 1956, January and February 1957. As in previous surveys, the gasolines covered by this survey include those from both large and small suppliers. The data were obtained by laboratories of various refiners, motor manufacturers, and chemical companies and submitted to the Bureau of Mines for compilation. A list of the Notional Motor Gasoline Survey reports published during the post 10 years is given on page 5.

Jan 1, 1957

By W. J. Fullerton

This paper is one of a series being prepared by the U. S. Bureau of Mines describing mining and milling methods and costs at cement-plant quarries throughout the United States, end deals directly with methods and costs at the quarry and mill of the North American Cement Corporation at Catskill, N. Y. The process of manufacturing cement is described only as far as the final grinding of the raw materials. These papers are designed to disseminate technical information regarding the methods used. The cost tabulations represent local operating expenditures only and not total production costs. It is recognized that publication of total production costs may in many instances cause embarrassment to individual producers, as well as to the industry as a Whole. On the other hand, operating costs are essential to the technical discussion and study of methods employed. The attention of the reader is specifically called to this differentiation in order that no misunderstanding; of the scone of the cost tabulations may ensue.

Jan 1, 1931

By O. C. Blade

A summary of the characteristics of motor gasoline for the winter 1951-52 is presented in table I, and for comparison, a similar summary for the winter 1950-51 is shown in table 2. Trends of some of the more important characteristics over a period of years are shown in figures 1 and 2. The results of this survey show that octane numbers have risen slightly since the summer of 1951 but are below the record levels of the winter of 1950-51. The fractions of a unit change since the summer preceding have resulted in the research and motor-method octane values being virtually the same as the figures for the survey of summer 1950. In volatility characteristics the winter gasolines have changed very little. Average Reid vapor pressures are 10.5 pounds for both grades of fuel compared to 10.4 and 10.5 pounds for premium and regular-price gasolines, respectively, of the winter of 1950-51.

Jan 1, 1952

By F. E. Spencer

Calculated equilibrium data are presented for three phases in the flue gas stream from a hypothetical open cycle MHD generator. A typical coal is "burned" with 1.0 gram-mole K2O seed per kilogram coal and with 101 percent of stoichiometric air. Tables of composition and the overt thermodynamic properties, enthalpy and entropy, are given for the temperatures 2200 (-100) 1100 kelvins, pressures 1.0 and 1.5 atmospheres, and slag rejection figures of 90 and 75 percent.

Jan 1, 1973

By C. C. Blade

"This report on the properties of motor fuels sold through service stations ni the Unietd States is a continuation of a series of reports made in accordance with a cooperating agreement between the Coordinating Fuel Research (CRF) Committee of the Coordinating Research Council (CRC)3/ and the Bureau of Mines of the United States Department of the Interior. The first of these reports presented data on motor gasolines sold during the winter of 1935-36.4/ Further reports were issued describing motor gasolines sold during the succeeding summers and winters to and including the summer of 1941.4/ No reports were made on motor gasolines sold during the winter of 1941-42 and during the summer of 1942. However, starting with the winter of 1942-43, the semiannual reports were resumed.4/The present report presents analytical data for 1,381 samples, representing the products of approximately 75 companies. Most of the samples represented in this report were secured during July and the first half of August, 1945. As in previous surveys, the companies covered by the survey include both large and small suppliers. Conforming to former reports, the data cover three groups of samples – regular-price, premium-price, and third-grade gasolines.As the number of analyses submitted for samples of third-grade gasoline are not considered adequate to represent this type of motor fuel, data for the analyses have not been averaged, but the individual items are tabulated. The number of samples, items and brands comprising each group is as follows: Regular-price, 733 samples, 229 items, and 57 brands; premium-price, 504 samples, 197 items, and 56 brands; third-grade, 84 samples, 28 items and 12 brands. The meanings of these terms as sued in the surveys are as follows:"

Jan 1, 1946

By Douglas F. Scott

Zinc, silver, copper, and tungsten are the principal minerals in Dardanelles RARE II area (No. 4982). Zinc with associated silver and copper occurs in a persistent shear zone in metasedimentary rocks and in a massive sulfide vein; tungsten occurs as disseminated scheelite in a tactite zone along a metasedimentary-intrusive rock contact. Since 1883, approximately 100 lode mining claims have been recorded, mainly it the eastern portion of area No. 4982 (fig. 1). Extensive workings on the Alhambra Prospect indicate past production; however, no records were found for the prospect. At the Alpine Mine, 500 tons of tungsten ore had been mined before 1943 (Hopson, 1943, p. 1) and possibly 1,000 tons of tungsten ore mined by 1947 (Benson, 194/, pp. 2).

Jan 1, 1982

By M. C. Malamphy

A general description of the activities and results of bauxite investigation by the Bureau of Mines at its bauxite project in Saline and Pulaski Counties, Ark., has been given in Report of Investigations 4251. The factual data obtained during the project are reported in a series of Reports of Investigation beginning with No. 4251, of which this is the fourteenth. The data are accompanied by maps showing the location of holes drilled and the deposits developed. Each area upon which work was done is reported by half townships. Each bauxite deposit investigated was assigned & name and a number for ready reference and identification, and its location and name are shown on the appropriate half-township map. The description of each half township is followed by a description of each deposit developed in that half township. The 14 half-township maps and 77 detail maps of the bauxite deposits in this series of reports give the locations and numbers of all the holes drilled except the deep holes drilled to test geophysical anomalies. The locations of those holes are shown on figure 13 in volume 1. The descriptions of the deposits developed are followed by complete detailed logs of the drill holes. Many of the widely spaced exploratory holes did not discover bauxite of minable thickness and grade. The pertinent information obtained from the widely spaced exploratory drill holes has been summarized and tabulated, and a table for each half township is given with the discussion covering that area.

Jan 1, 1948

By R. L. Marek

[An important problem in the efficient conduct of industry is that of helping the individual employee to formulate in attitude toward his work which will result in the reduction of accidents and the promotion of safety. Perhaps nowhere is the need greater for this type of psychological training of carefully selected men than at oil refineries whore both the raw materials and the finished products are highly inflammable and explosive in nature. However, the refinery organization usually is well adapted to educational safety activities -- much more so than in the producing, pipe line, and marketing departments where the personnel are more or less scattered; but the sore general principles of conduct hold true in any industrial organization. This problem of directing the attention of tie employees to their specific tasks or helping them to control and frequently eliminate hazards engendered by adverse mental attitude or emotion is met most satisfactorily by carefully selecting applicants and placing theta at jobs for which their ability best fits them. The subsequent training of these carefully selected employees to assure their Most effective work in accident prevention may be accomplished in a variety of gays, ouch as by personal supervision and instruction, inspections, drills, and by the studied use of well thought out safety pamphlets and posters.]

Jan 1, 1932

By O. C. Blade

This report on the properties of motor fuels sold through service stations-in the United States was made in accordance with a cooperative agreement between the American Petroleum Institute and the Bureau of Mines of the United States Deparment of the Interior. It presents analytical data for 4,397 samples, representing the products of 130 companies. The samples were collected during December 1952 and January and February 1953. As in previous surveys, the gasolines covered by this survey include those from both large and small suppliers. The data were obtained by laboratories of various refiners, motor manufacturers, and chemical companies and submitted to the Bureau of Mines for compilation. A list of the National Motor-Gasoline Survey reports published during the past ten years is given on page 5.

Jan 1, 1953

By M. C. Malamphy

A general description of the activities and results of bauxite investigation by the Bureau of Mines at its bauxite project in Saline and Pulaski County, Ark., has been given in Report of Investigations 4251. The factual data obtained during the project are reported in a series of Reports of Investigations beginning with No. 4251, of which this is the eighth. The data are accompanied by maps showing the location of holes drilled and the deposits developed. Each area upon which work was done is reported by half townships. Each bauxite deposit investigated was assigned a name and a number for ready reference and identification, and its location and name are shown on the appropriate half-township map. The description of each half township is no followed by a description of each deposit developed in that half township. The 14 half township maps and 77 detail maps of the bauxite deposits in this series of reports give the locations and numbers of all the holes drilled on the project, except the deep holes drilled to test the geophysical anomalies. The locations at those holes show on figure 13 in volume I. The descriptions of the deposits developed are followed by complete detailed logs at the drill holes. Many at the widely spaced exploratory holes did not discover bauxite of minable thickness and gra.de. The pertinent information obtained from the widely spaced exploratory drill holes has been summarized and tabulated, and a table for each halt township is given with the discussion covering that area.

Jan 1, 1948