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By Primak. George J.

"In the development of a new product as well as during its introduction on the market, it is very important to give due consideration to problems involving patents, licenses and trade marks. At the very beginning of the research and development program, it is obviously essential to ascertain, through a suitable patent search, that the product in question will not infringe any patents which are still in force. Then, a possibility of achieving one's own patent or proprietary position on the product or the process of its manufacture should be carefully explored. Licensing arrangements that one may reach with respect to patents and know-how covering such new product may, in the final analysis, determine its over-all success or failure. If one can count on licensing revenues or some favourable cross-licensing arrangements with respect to a newly developed product, this may go a long way to achieving profitability and success. The selection of a good trade mark is probably one of the most important acts that one has to perform once the product is developed, as customers will identify the new product by such a trade mark. In many instances, successful marketing and widespread acceptance of a product are largely due to its appealing name or trade mark, accompanied by proper promotion and advertising. Once the trade mark has been adopted, it should be registered in the Trade Marks Office to provide the protection afforded by federal statute. If the product is to be manufactured, sold or licensed in some other countries, similar considerations should be made with regard to each such country."

Jan 1, 1973

By J. Gotor, C. Frias, E. Delgado

The Iberian Pyrite Belt (IPB) is one of the world's largest reserves of primary sulphides containing base metals (Cu, Zn, Pb), precious metals and some special metals such as indium. Estimated resources are over 1,500 million tonnes of volcanogenic massive sulphide ores. From 1980´s Europe lives the decline in its mines mainly motivated by the low price of the metals. One aspect that contributed equally to this was the ecological disaster produced by the discharge of more than seven million tonnes from the tailings dam of Boliden-Apirsa (Aznalcollar) in 1998. Today the situation is different; the companies present in the IPB have given evidence that it is possible to reconcile mining projects and care on the environment, and the regional authorities are opening a public tender to re-start Aznalcollar mine. A new challenging era has been started at this Spanish/Portuguese mining area. This paper presents the results and preliminary economics of a project devoted to IPB primary sulphides processing through different technology approach, e.g. conventional selective flotation against bulk flotation or mixed metals flotation combined with hydrometallurgical processing.

Jan 1, 2014

By W. Chi, R. Regan, R. A. Washington

"In uranium mines, the purification of underground mine air can be accomplished by the removal of dust particles and radon daughters using filters. Full-scale statistically designed experiments with flow rates up to 10,000 cfm have been conducted at Denison Mines Ltd. on mine air filtration with vermiculite as a filter material. Various filtration bed thicknesses were chosen, with different face velocities through each bed thickness. Results on total dust, respirable dust and radon daughter collection efficiencies were analysed statistically. It is shown that these collection efficiencies are directly related to the filter bed thickness. However, the different face velocities seem to affect only the collection of radon daughters. Optimum collection efficiencies for a clean bed of about 30% were found for respirable dust and radon daughters, and about 41>% for total dust, using an 8-in.-thick bed and a face velocity of 500 fpm. Dust build-up on the filter bed during operation led to an increase in collection efficiency, reaching 40 to 60% after two weeks."

Jan 1, 1973

By Staff

Introduction As the Sherritt Gordon property is still in the development stage, . it is rather difficult to write a proper account of the mining methods and milling practice that will be used. While the general scheme of operation will remain the same, there will undoubtedly be many minor changes to meet special conditions which we cannot forsee at the present time. Most of the work accomplished to date has followed the usual routine of preliminary development in the Canadian North. However, we have learned a few things which might be of use to others operating under similar conditions. The most important of these is the saving in power cost made possible by the use of Diesels as against steam power when using wood fuel, and the movement of freight by tractors when rail transportation is not available. Location The property i6 located about 90 miles north of The Pas, or 40 miles northeast of the Flin Flon mine. A branch line from Cranberry Portage, on the?C. N. railway, between Flin Flon and The Pas, connects the property with the outside.

Jan 1, 1930

By E. G. Kearnery

Introduction It is believed that the present paper will be of some interest, not because of any outstanding features of Renabie milling practice but because Renabie is the first gold mining property in a newly explored area - in Leeson and Rennie townships, Sudbury district, Ontario - to reach the production stage. The Renabie mill was originally designed by the General Engineering Company (Canada), Limited, as a 300-ton plant and went into operation in June, 1947, treating an average of only 128 tons a day for the balance of that year. Toward the end of 1948 the capacity of the plant was expanded to 450 tons a day, and the tonnage treated was gradually increased from the 1947 figure to the point where 420 tons a day was averaged for the first nine months of 1949. Description of Ore In general, the outstanding gangue component of Renabie ore is white quartz, which comprises at least 80 per cent of its total bulk and in some sections considerably more. Virtually all the gold occurs in very finely divided state; only very rarely has free gold coarser than 325 mesh been observed. The ore has a very low sulphide content, ranging from about 0.50 to 1.00 per cent by weight. The gold occurs both free in the gangue and ? locked in sulphides, the proportion of one to the other varying considerably from one orebody to the other. Pyrite is by far the most abundant sulphide, followed by galena, which, however, appears to be entirely absent in some of the orebodies. Minor amounts of pyrrhotite, chalcopyrite, chalcocite, and sphalerite have been noted. The ore appears to be entirely free, or almost so, of minerals containing arsenic, antimony, or molybdenum, and in general it could be described as free milling. The various hindrances to extraction of the gold which have been met with are believed to be due largely to the very finely divided state of the metal and to its intimate association with the sulphides and gangue. The ore contains silver, with the gold-silver ratio about 3:1.

Jan 1, 1950

By F. Habashi

The pioneer work on pressure hydrometallurgy was conducted in Russia at the end of the nineteenth, and the beginning of the twentieth centuries, by Karl Josef Bayer (1847-1904) and Vladimir Nikolyevitch Ipatieff (1867-1952), both working independently in Saint Petersburg. Bayer was studying pressure leaching while Ipatieff was studying the precipitation of metals and their compounds by hydrogen under pressure. Gradually, industrial applications took place first in the aluminium and later in the nickel industry. Today, the technology is well established in a large number of industries, such as uranium, gold, zinc, titanium, tungsten, and more recently copper.

Jan 1, 2004

By J. -C. Sztuke, M. Cao

ABSTRACT The correlations between froth recovery of coal and air recovery were investigated using a hybrid mechanical flotation column. The particle slurry was fed onto the surface of air-water two phase froths to carry out the tests. Froth recovery was taken as the recovery of particles into the froth product, whereas air recovery was determined by the froth height method. The relationships between froth recovery and air recovery were nearly linear, with greater slopes for more hydrophobic particles. Inside the froth phase, the particles were stratified, with hydrophobic particles concentrated in the upper region and hydrophilic particles in the lower region.

Jan 1, 2013

By R. G. Zaripova, N. D. Ryan, H. J. McQueen

The austenitic and ferritic stainless steels do not undergo any phase transformation that induces very fine grains in the product through thermomechanical processing as practiced in most other steels. Considerable grain refinement can be achieved by intense multistage deformation descending through warm to cold working; notably multi-axial forging of bulk material can attain high strains with diminished risk of cracking. Hot working to improve ductility yields finer grain sizes as the T is reduced and strain rate E raised; increased strain has limited effect due to the steady state regime. Ferritic steels develop subgrains with size diminishing as E rises and T falls with the advantage of retained strain hardening; recrystallization delivers grains several times the cell size. In austenitic steels, dynamic recrystallization (DRX) provides finer grains at higher E and lower T with a lower limit due to intergranular cracking. The DRX grains contain a strengthening substructure that can easily be retained by quenching; if static recrystallization is allowed to occur the grain size rises markedly. Multistage rolling with diminishing T is able to provide grain refinement to the same degree as straining at the finishing T yet provides better ductility. grains on recrystallization. As a result of the strain induced transformation to martensite, small subzero deformations of austenitic or duplex steels produce very high dislocation densities that yield marked grain refinement when they revert upon reheating.

Jan 1, 2004

By Judy K. Todd

Double benching has been utilized as an excavation technique in open pit mines for many years. This process involves drilling, blasting, and excavating the material for the design bench height. A second bench is then excavated without the creation of a catch bench, i.e. only minimal offset from the first bench face is allowed when drilling off the second bench. The result is a double high bench face or double bench. When drilling off the second bench, the offset of the drill from the bench face projects the lower bench face into the pit up to an extra five meters. This reduces the maximum attainable bench angle, enhances the probability of rock escaping the catch bench and increases the overall strip ratio. The generally utilized process of trim blasting also can impact on the final bench profile by contributing to blast damage of the face. BHP Billiton Diamonds Inc., Ekati Mine Diamond MineTM, has pioneered the usage of a technique that eliminates this offset. Double benching is accomplished by drilling a single, 30m pre-shear (two 15m benches) to define and protect the final bench profile. This article provides a comparison of the attained face angles obtained in the field utilizing both of the above methods, as well as a comparison with the analytically predicted angles prior to excavation.

May 1, 2002

By R. Pelton, Z. Dai, S. Yang

ABSTRACT Hydrophobic polystyrene nanoparticles were evaluated as potential flotation collectors for pentlandite. The flotation of hydrophilic glass beads demonstrated the nanoparticles’ ability to induce flotation. Deposition of nanoparticles on glass surfaces increased the contact angle and enhanced adhesion of the beads to air bubbles. High flotation recoveries were achieved when 5–10% of the bead surfaces were covered with nanoparticles. Surface functionalization—the addition of vinylimidazole to polystyrene nanoparticle surfaces—caused the nanoparticles to selectively deposit onto pentlandite surfaces in the presence of Mg-Si slimes. Ongoing work includes attempts to identify specific applications where nanoparticle collectors might be cost effective. _ KEYWORDS Flotation, Nanoparticle collector, Coverage

Jan 1, 2014

By S. Y. Tshipeng, A. T. Kaniki

"RÉSUMÉ La lixiviation acide d’un minerai oxydé cupro-cobaltifère en milieu non réducteur et en milieu réducteur en utilisant le Fe2+ et le métabisulfite de sodium (SMBS) a été étudiée et les résultats ont été comparés. Les tests de lixiviation ont été effectués à température ambiante, dans une pulpe à 30 % solide, avec une vitesse d’agitation de 600 tr/min, un potentiel redox de 350 mV pour les tests en milieu réducteur, et un pH de 1,8. Les tests de lixiviation avec usage du SMBS comme réducteur ont donné la meilleure cinétique de lixiviation du cuivre. Pour le cobalt, c’est l’usage du Fe2+ qui a donné la meilleure cinétique de lixiviation. L’augmentation de la dose du fer dans la solution au-delà de 5 g/L a influencé négativement les rendements de lixiviation du cuivre et du cobalt. ABSTRACT Acid leaching of a copper-cobaltiferous oxide ore in a non-reducing environment and in a reducing environment using Fe2+ and sodium metabisulfite (SMBS) was studied and the results compa¬red. The leaching tests were performed at room temperature, in a 30% solids pulp, with a shaking speed of 600 rpm, a redox potential of 350 mV for the tests performed in the reducing environment, and a pH of 1.8. The leaching tests using the SMBS as a reducing agent produced the best copper leaching kinetics. As for cobalt, the best leaching kinetics was achieved using Fe2+. An increase in the amount of iron in the solution above 5 g/L negatively influenced copper and cobalt leaching yields. INTRODUCTION La République Démocratique du Congo (RDC) est un pays reconnu dans le monde pour son sous-sol qui regorge d’énormes quantités de cuivre et de cobalt (USGS, 2014; Palisade Research, 2016). La technique qui semble être la plus recommandée pour extraire à la fois le cuivre et le cobalt des minerais oxydés cupro-cobaltifères est la lixivia-tion acide en milieu réducteur. Cette technique est appliquée par la majorité des sociétés minières qui exploitent ces minerais dans l’ex-province du Katanga en RDC, à savoir: Tenke Fungurume Mining, Mutanda Mining, Kamoto Cop¬per Company, Sicomines, Gécamines, Boss Mining, Chemaf, Ruashi Mining et Somika. L’usage d’un agent réducteur est indispensable pour l’obtention d’un bon rendement de lixiviation du cobalt. En effet, plusieurs chercheurs s’accordent sur le fait que le cobalt trivalent de l’hétérogénite (CoO·2Co2O3·6H2O) est insoluble à l’action de l’acide seul; il ne devient soluble qu’après réduction en cobalt bivalent (Mwema, Mpoyo, & Kafumbila, 2002; Mulaba-Bafubiandi, Ndalamo, & Mamba, 2007; Ferron, 2008; Seo, Choi, Kim, & Tran, 2013; Stuurnam, Ndlovu, & Sibanda, 2014)."

Jan 1, 2018

This paper aims to increase our understanding about existing capacity-building approaches and their implications for obtaining a social license to operate in the mining industry. The notion of ?capacity building? is gaining increasing currency in the mining sector in developing countries due to a rapid rise in the globalisation of mining operations. Capacity-building is conceived here as a process that lasts after the mine-cycle, intended to provide local mining communities with tangible skills and knowledge to gain meaningful employment in mining or other industries relevant for the local economy. Building community capacity to understand and effectively respond to these transformations is vital for obtaining a social license to operate, as it promotes sustainable and locally relevant development. Accountability mechanisms such as global norms and international standards increasingly highlight the need to build capacity among stakeholders, particularly among local communities adjacent to mining operations. International frameworks and mining companies have embraced the notion of capacity-building as a driver to assist corporate social and operational performance. However, this narrow understanding of capacity-building through the prism of corporate social responsibility and ?best practice? is preventing the industry from meaningfully impacting communities and maintaining a social license to operate. This latter notion is being widely embedded across multiple industry sectors, as a social and economic reward from mining companies to compensate communities for natural resource extraction and gain social acceptance. Although both concepts are widely recognised in the minerals industry, insufficient attention has been paid to the implications of applying a top-down (mining-orientated) or a bottom-up (community-orientated) capacity-building approach for obtaining a social license to operate, or indeed how these two concepts are linked and applied in practice. At times, communities lack the necessary capacities in the form of education and skills to deal with mining-led livelihood transformations. This is preventing both mining companies and communities from forging sustainable livelihoods and responding to mining-led livelihood transformations, a situation that is creating discontent among communities and reducing the possibility of obtaining and renewing a social license to operate for the industry. Based on a review of current scholarly debates, accountability mechanisms in the mining industry and fieldwork findings in Colombia, this paper will contribute to an understanding of the implications of existing capacity-building approaches that support a social license to operate.

Aug 1, 2013

By W. D. Sinclair

"Between 1934 and 1956, nearly 31 million grams of gold were produced in the Matachewan area from deposits on properties belonging to Young-Davidson Mines Limited and Matachewan Consolidated Mines Limited. In 1979, production from these properties was renewed by Pamour Porcupine Mines Limited.Most of the gold produced has come from relatively lowgrade deposits (3.4 gl t or less) that occur in an east-trending belt of dykes and irregular bodies of trachytic syenite. Although small by comparison, these deposits have some of the characteristics of porphyry copper-molybdenum deposits. The mineralized syenite contains up to 5 per cent disseminated pyrite and is highly fractured and cut by quartz and quartzcarbonate veinlets. Gold occurs as native gold along fractures, in quartz veinlets and as minute inclusions in pyrite. Minor chalcopyrite and trace amounts of scheelite, molybdenite and galena are also present. Mineralization was accompanied by potassic alteration, consisting mainly of potassium feldspar.Some gold was also produced from small, but higher-grade, deposits in volcanic rocks. These deposits occur near the syenite-hosted deposits and consist of quartz veins and stringers mineralized .with pyrite and gold. Minor gold is present in some low-grade, porphyry-type copper-molybdenum occurrences and, locally, in large, isolated quartz veins.Lead isotope analyses suggest that the gold deposits were formed at about 2700 Ma and were locally remobilized at approximately 2400 Ma, following the Kenoran orogeny. The deposits appear to be genetically related to felsic magmas emplaced in an epizonal environment and deposited from hydrothermal solutions relatively concentrated in S and K20."

Jan 1, 1982

By P. T. Craddock, H. V. Paliwal, L. K. Gurjar

The Indian cultural heritage of mining, smelting and the use of minerals and metals dates back to ancient times. Although the exact date of the commencement of such activities in India is not certain, Indians are known to have been familiar with gold, silver, copper, tin and lead and to a lesser extent with iron at least since the Vedic period (Table 1).

Jan 1, 1999

By C. P. Patel

"The Sturgeon Lake Joint Venture volcanic massive sulpide deposit was discovered in 1970. Milling was started by Falconbridge Copper Ltd. at Sturgeon Lake in September 1974. The Sturgeon Lake pit and mill are located 88 kilometers by road northeast of Ignace, Ontario. IgnE1ce is a town of some 2800 people located on the Trans-Canada Highway, 241 kilometers west-northwest of Thunder Bay. The mill is treating an average of 1100 TPD producing separate concentrates of copper, lead and zinc. Initially, difficulties were experienced in achieving accept-able concentrate grades and recoveries but these were eventually overcome. This presentation describes current metallurgical strategy as practiced at the Sturgeon Lake mill.But first, a few words about the type of ore being treated. In geological terms the ore is classified into two main categories. They are the massive sulphides with underlying zones of stringer sulphides as illustrated in Fig. 1. The plan view is shown in Fig. 2. The areas of East-limb and North-limb are as shown. These last two ores have suffered enough alteration to cause problems during treatment. The massive sulphides consist of chalcopyrite, sphalerite, galena, tetrahedrite and small amounts of pyrrhotite among other gangue materials. The stringer ore is comprised of predominantly chalcopyrite intrusions into rhyolite and has lesser amounts of sphalerite and tetrahedrite. At present we are treating a predetermined blend of massive and stringer ores from zones that have been metallurgically tested to ensure compatibility with current treatment procedure in the plant. Ore responding to this treatment is classified as normal ore while the ore proving incompatible is classified as north-limb ore or east-limb ore."

Jan 1, 1980

By K. Schimann, H. D. Knipping, J. P. Fouques

"RESUMELe gisement d 'uranium de Cigar Lake, dans la région de l'Athabasca au nord du Saskatchewan, fut découvert en mai 1981 par Cogema Canada Ltée, opérant pour Ie compte de la ""Waterbury Lake Joint Venture"".Le corps minéralisé. qui est dépourvu de toute expression directe en surface, est situé a la discordance entre les met sédiments du wottaston Group (Protérozoïque inférieur ou Aphébien) et les grès de l 'Athabasca (Protérozoïque moyen ou Hélikien), à une profondeur de 410 a450 m.Fin 1984, Ie gisement était reconnu par 105 sondages minéralisés repartis sur une longueur de 1800 m, pour une largeur comprise entre 25 et 105 m. 11 se présente sous forme d’une lentille aplatie de 5 a30 m de puissance, et montre une remarquable continuité d'ensemble. Une ride ou bombement topographique de la discordance est associée au gisement surtoute sa longueur.A l'échelle régionale, le corps minéralisé à est associe à un corridor structural d’orientation est-ouest, a l'intérieur duquel des facies particuliers aténdance blast mylonitique sont développes dans les formations métapolitiques agraphite du socle métamorphique. Il est entouré par un halo d'altération très important, caractériser Ie développement de minéraux argileux alumino-magnesiens (illite-chlorite).La minéralisation est située, pour la plus grande part, dans les grès d'Athabasca, et se compose essentiellement d'uraninite et de sulfo-arseniures de nickel et de cobalt,De nombreux levés géochimiques et géophysiques ont été effectues dans la région de Cigar Lake. Aucune anomalie ne peut être associée directement au corps minéralise, mais la combinaison des données en provenance de plusieurs sources s’est révélée fort utile au niveau de l’interprétation géologique régionale et de la définition des cibles de sondages a l'intérieur des zones reconnues favorables.Le gisement de Cigar Lake présente de nombreuses analogies avec plusieurs des gites classiques de la région de l'Athabasca; il est caractérise en particulier par l'intensité des phénomènes d’altération et la présence de minéralisations extrêmementriches.En 1984, les réserves géologiques globales estimées par géostatistique sur I ‘amas minéralise principal s 'élevaient a 110 000 tonnes d'uranium, aune teneur moyenne de 12.2%, avec une précision de 25% à l'intervalle de confiance de 95%.ABSTRACTThe Cigar Lake uranium deposit, in the Athabasca area of North Saskatchewan, was discovered in May 1981 by Cogema Canada LId., as operator of the Waterbury Lake Joint Venture. The deposit, which is devoid of direct surface expression, is located at the unconformity between the Lower Proterozoic (Aphebian) Wollaston Group meta-sediments and the Middle Proterozoic (Helikian) Athabasca sands tone, at a depth of 410 m to 450 m below surf ace.AI the end of 1984, the deposit had been defined by 105 mineralized holes over a length of 1800 m and a width of between 25 m and 105 m. It has the shape of a flat-lying lens 5 m to 30 m thick and shows a remarkable longitudinal and latera continuity from the information obtained to date. A well-defined bulge of the unconformity underlies the mineralized zone over its entire length.The deposit appears to be controlled by an east-west-trending structure within which a particular rock facies (""augen gneiss"") has developed in the graphitic metapelites of the Wollaston Group. It is surrounded by a strong alteration halo affecting both sandstone and basement, characterized by extensive development of Mg-A I rich clay minerals (illite-chlorite).The mineralization is hosted principally by the Athabasca sandstone, and consists mainly of uraninite and sulfo-arsenides of nickel and cobalt.Numerous geochemical and geophysical surveys have been carried out in the Cigar Lake area, and no specific geochemical or geophysical anomaly can be directly associated with the mineralized body, although there may be locally a good coincidence. However, a combination of several methods proved extre"

Jan 1, 1986

By K. J. R. Ford, Botz. M. M.

Porphyry copper ores are frequently a source of low-grade gold ore, but gold in these ores is often associated with significant levels of cyanide-soluble copper. Cyanide leaching of such ores increases flowsheet complexity and operating costs, and requires thorough planning to satisfy environmental requirements for tailings disposal and mine closure. This paper presents a review of the chemistry of cyanide leaching of gold-copper porphyry ores, carbon adsorption phenomena and means of removing base metals from leach solution. The primary economic drivers behind the processing of such complex ores are also analyzed.

Jan 1, 2011

By V. Aprahamian, T. Cheng, M. Tangen, R. Beauprie

The Royal Canadian Mint has implemented significant process additions since 2005. Installation of a whole new highly automated silver refining circuit has allowed recovery of physical silver from gold and silver dorés . To complement this change, a small Top Blown Rotary Converter has been in operation. On the gold refining side, a new hydrometallurgical process to recover precious metals from Miller Chlorination slag has been developed. Finally, new systems have been put in place to improve treatment of waste water, wet and dry fume and dust.

Jan 1, 2011

By Robert C. Stanley

Early History Probably the first use of nickel by man was in the fashioning of implements, and later swords, from nickel-bearing meteorites, masses of metal that have fallen from time to time at many points on the earth's surface and which consist normally of iron carrying substantial amounts of nickel. Meteorites were perhaps the first metal known to man. The falling star, sought out with fear overborne by curiosity, was found to be a better stone than the earth-given, truly a boon from the gods. Archeologists tell us there is good evidence that the ancient oriental peoples learned at an early date to make these stones into useful implements. The invincible blades of the great warriors of old in China, Persia, and in northern Europe, were Heaven-sent, a fable which sounds significant of meteoric iron. Probably some of the ancient swords of Khorassan and of Damascus were of meteoric nickel-bearing iron (1). Fifty centuries were to pass before men learned to isolate nickel and add it to iron to produce the same alloy for much the same purpose. Meanwhile, man had found another natural alloy of nickel, known first to the Chinese as paktong, or 'white copper.' It was obtained from complex copper-nickel sulphide ores of Yunnan in southern China. This metal was brought by caravan through India into Bactria, a country north of the Hindu-Kush mountains, in what is now known as Russian Turkestan. The earliest specimen extant is a Bactrian coin attributed to 235 B.C. The rough reddish-white metal was also sent in the form of triangular rings to Canton, where zinc ores were added and the whole smelted to a more malleable alloy, also known later as paktong. This alloy was the forerunner of German-or nickel-silver. Specimens of this alloy, wrought into ornamental candlesticks and boxes, were brought from Canton to Europe by the East India Company in the early days of the China trade. Paktong was highly prized for its beauty as well as its eastern origin in far-away China. By 1760 the unwrought metal was imported into England for domestic manufacture.

Jan 1, 1935

By Julie Dénommé

Today few in business would argue with the idea that we are living in a world that is Volatile, Uncertain, Complex, and Ambiguous. Coined VUCA by the US Army War College, these four words define the ?turbulence? and ?continuous white water? that the business literature has been documenting for the last decade. This VUCA world became even more relevant to business in 2007 when the Institute for the Future fellow Bob Johansen published the idea of transforming VUCA into Vision, Understanding, Clarity, and Agility. We call this VUCA Prime (VUCA'), and place an infinity loop (8) between them to show their dynamic interaction. This paper presents an exploration of the impact of VUCA 8 VUCA' on business and the conditions under which these dynamic forces help to successfully navigate change.

Oct 1, 2010