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By Wesley G. Josephson

THE MINING PROPERTY of the Argonaut Mining Co., Jackson, Calif., is one of the oldest on the Mother Lode. A vein outcropping on a hill in this section could not long elude the eye of the forty-niner, so it was first discovered in 1850. From that time until 1893 the Pioneer mine, as it was then called, limped along under various poorly equipped and financed operators who tried tapping it by trenching and tunneling. Then the Argonaut Mining Co. took over the property and sank the present 65° inclined shaft in the hanging wall of the vein. The mine workings have now reached the 6000-ft. level, which is 5283 ft. vertically below the surface, or just 3 ft. over a mile. The total production of the mine is uncertain, because of lack of early records, but from 1893 to 1932 it is known to have produced in excess of $17,000,000.

Jan 1, 1932

By Arthur T. Ward

WHEN the Board of Directors of the Institute in June 1931 approved the formation of the Committee on Eastern Magnetite and its then membership of eleven, little did any of those concerned envision that twelve years later the annual Committee luncheon would attract 34, and the technical session, jointly with the Iron and Steel Division, more than 70. Yet that was exactly what happened during the February meeting just passed. And what is more important, some members of the Committee are now predicting that by 1944 over 10 per cent of the iron ore produced in the United States will come from these Eastern Magnetite properties. Chairman Crockett, in opening the meeting, advised that due to the serious illness of Meredith E. Johnson, State Geologist of New Jersey, Mr. Johnson would be unable to brief his scheduled paper, which would therefore be reserved for a later date.

Jan 1, 1943

By AIME AIME

THE Institute of Metals Division of this Institute held a joint meeting with the American Foundry- men's Association on Oct. 5-9, at Syracuse, N. Y. The registration at this meeting was about 150. There were four meetings in all, three of which were in con- junction with the American Foundrymen's Association. This combination works out very nicely and gives the I Division a number of practical foundry papers that it would not get otherwise. The sessions were well attended and the discussion was active. The session on Monday morning was of a general nature and consisted of the following subjects : " Refractory Problems in the Non-ferrous Electric Furnace Casting Shop, " "Temperature Control of Non-ferrous Alloys," "Atomized Coal System of Non-ferrous Melting," "Material Handling in a Brass Foundry." On Tuesday morning, the session was on "Aluminum and Its Alloys." The paper on permanent mold castings created a large amount of discussion, in fact so much that it had to be renewed after the close of the regular program. Aluminum is assuming a more important place every year and adds greatly to the program as a whole. One of the most remarkable meetings that this Division has ever had was held on Tuesday at noon in the form of a Round Table discussion, headed by G. K. Elliott, chairman of the Division, Cincinnati, Ohio. Mr. Elliott divided the members present, numbering about 80, into groups as they were seated at the tables. Each of these groups suggested a topic for discussion. They were as follows : "Fluxes on Market ;" "Simplification of Alloys;" "Pyrometric Control;" "Effect of Gas- sing Metal and Control;" "Barium Sulfate Added to Electric Furnace to Create Slight Oxidation to Remove Aluminum and Silicon;" and" Nickel in Brass."

Jan 1, 1925

By AIME AIME

0 N March 5, at Carnegie Hall, Cleveland, the Ohio Section held a joint meeting with the Cleveland Engineering Society, and the local sections of the American Chemical Society, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, and the American Society for Steel Treating. Prior to the meeting there was an informal dinner attended by 50 men. Then followed an address, "The Principles of Corrosion Protection," by Ulick R. Evans, the well-known British specialist in this problem. There were 266 present, presided over by Zay Jeffries, president of the American Society for Steel Treating and a member of the Cleveland Engineering Society. The address was well received and some discussion followed

Jan 1, 1929

By Eugene A. Stephenson

NUMBER of noteworthy events in the petroleum industry may be reported for 1941, of which the most spectacular was doubtless the rise in the daily rate of crude-oil production to a peak of approximately 4,300,000 barrels. This enormous daily rate did not ensue from the furor of flush pools but represented for the most part merely a slight additional daily delivery from many wells that had previously been operated on a more restricted basis, in line with good conservation practice and also from the adroit increase in the number of days per week by the Texas Railroad Commission. Another important fact was the increase in price throughout the Mid-Continent area from the static level of $1.02 for 36°, A.P.I., crude, to $1.17 per barrel. Efforts to elevate the price above this point have met with severe opposition from the O.P.A.. as has also a similar effort by the PennsyIvania Crude Oil Producers' Association, but the vastly increased costs for materials and labor may shortly give the industry the enhanced price which it has long deserved.

Jan 1, 1942

By NA NA

Listing safety award winners, £I43M has been added to proceeds from coal privatisation in the year to March 1997, bringing total revenues to over £1.3bn, some company news in brief.

Jan 8, 1997

By E. W. Enqelmann

DURING January, 1933, burlap or coco matting was placed in the bottom of launders handling various products of the flotation plant of the Magna mill of the Utah Copper Co., with the hope of increasing the total recovery of gold. This was soon followed by placing various materials, such as coco matting, cotton twill, and common 10-oz. burlap on the bottom of the main tailing launder. The burlap was found to be the most economical material to use. The test was first conducted in an old wooden launder, 40 in. wide and 2000 ft. long, with 10-oz. burlap fastened

Jan 1, 1935

By E. A. Holbrook

MINING Metallurgy, and Petroleum Engineering department in our colleges are facing a crisis; indeed, conditions that threaten their very existence. Unless the Army, Navy, and War Manpower Commission change their present policy, within two years mineral industries education as now carried on will die, because no ablebodied students will be left in the course. If this is the decision of our responsible governmental agencies we of the mining schools must perhaps accept it as a war measure. It might be well however, for the executive of our mining metallurgical, and oil companies to look ahead a, to where they are to recruit a supply of young technically trained engineers. You can no more operate a mine, a steel plant or an oil company without trained engineers than you can operate a battleship without mechanical and electrical engineers.

Jan 1, 1943

By Scott Turner

We have gathered here in Pittsburgh, at the Nineteenth Annual Safety Congress, in order to advance the cause of safety. Although my personal inter- est in this movement alone would have been sufficient to insure my presence here, specific duties have brought me to this congress in an official capacity. My responsibilities as the head of the United States Bureau of Mines, which makes the promotion of safety in the mining and allied industries one of its major activities, necessitate my attendance. My obligations as president of the Joseph A. Holmes Safety Association, an organization closely allied to the bureau and which has for one of its objects the public recognition and reward of outstanding achievements in safety, require that I be present at this time. This morning, my job is to present the Holmes safety certificate to the Lehigh Portland Cement Co. First I will remind you of the nature of this safety association, named in honor of the first director of the Bureau of Mines. After Mr. Holmes' death, in 1915, a number of influential organizations banded together to commemorate the name of this leader in the conservation of human life. In order that you may appreciate the significance of an award by the Joseph A. Holmes Safety Association, I shall read you the list of 24 national organizations which comprise its membership:

Nov 1, 1930

By K. V. Raj, R. Jacksha

Conveyor systems persist in being a source of injuries and fatalities in the mining industry. To reduce these incidents, better methods are needed to enhance the monitoring of probable hazards and improve situational awareness during the normal operation and maintenance of conveyor systems. To address these issues, researchers from the U.S. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) continue to investigate emerging technologies that show the potential to improve miner safety around conveyors. This paper presents a feasibility assessment by NIOSH researchers of a fully integrated, commercially available wireless Internet of Things (IoT) system to improve situational awareness around conveyor systems.

By Atta Ur Rehman, Kwame Awuah-Offei

This paper examines the effect of bucket geometry (cutting-blade profile, floor profile and blade thickness), speed, motor power output and muckpile particle sizes on bucket penetration and draft for rubber tire loaders. The work uses a 1:16 scale model of a load-haul-dump (LHD) in full-factorial experiments to examine the effect of the variables on penetration and maximum draft. The results show that speed and motor output are positively correlated with penetration and draft, and muckpile particle size is positively correlated with penetration and negatively correlated with draft (p < 0.0014).

MAY 17-The last bit of verbal sod had hardly come to rest on the grave of the coal industry-which grave was being eagerly dug with typewriters and microphones by administration hangers-on and even an operator or two-when its leaders gathered for the 1950 Coal Convention of the AMC in Cincinnati on April 24. Surprisingly, mourning clothes were not being worn but the boys had on their diggers preparatory to digging their way out from under the muck. High costs created by wage and welfare demands, together with work stoppages, have caused markets to shrink, but even so, an optimistic air still prevailed as new techniques were disclosed at technical sessions. The administration, however, came in for its share of knocks.

Jan 6, 1950

Edward Halse, Puerto Berrio, Colombia, So. Amer. (communication to the Secretary*): The Taviche mining-district is generally known as " Taviches," being named from the two villages called respectively San Pedro Taviche and San Jero-nimo Taviche. It is so called by Jose G. Aguilera, in his paper on the Geographical and Geological Distribution of the Mineral Deposits of Mexico;&apos; and in published reports by the late N. W. Rudston Read ;2 and by Juan de Dios Villarello3 The region is a large one, measuring about 24 miles long and 7 miles wide. Dr. Chance, in his interesting paper, tells us very little about the nature of the ores, and, with regard to the geology of the district, contents himself with observing that " the country, as a rule, consists of eruptive rocks; and no evidences of sedimentary strata appear near the mines." The latter part of the above statement is hardly correct. The formation is mainly

Jan 1, 1906

By HERRBERT HOOVER

I AM glad to join with my fellow-members in this celebration of the fiftieth anniversary of the founding of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. It would be a difficult task to measure the blessings brought by this association through the stimulation to invention, the improvement of methods, the adequate training of engineers and the advancement of knowledge in a large sense. During its span of life it has contributed a great part in the development of an art into a mighty profession upon whose capacity and fidelity rest so much of human progress. "I feel especially honored that the association should, through the beneficence of Mr. Lauer, have established a new distinction among engineers, and should have designated me as its first recipient. The purpose of this medal is to mark the public service of men who have gone outside their strictly professional work to interest themselves in civic and humanitarian affairs. And the engineers have something to contribute to public service. . "With the development of our great national tools -our engines, our railways, our automobiles, our airplanes, our steamships, our electric power and a score of other great implements, together with the supplies of material upon which they depend-the engineer has added vastly to the problems of government, for government must see that the control of these tools and these materials is not misused to limit liberty and freedom, that they advance and do not retard equality of opportunity among all our citizens.

Jan 1, 1930

By Dr. Daniel W. H. Su

t is both an honor and privilege for me to nominate Dr. Daniel W. H. Su for the inaugural Syd S. Peng Ground Control in Mining Award. I can think of no better candidate than Daniel that is deserving of this award ? an award to recognize technical excellence in advancing ground control technologies [and] approaches. Daniel?s education and career spans over three decades. Having graduated from National Cheng Kung University in Taiwan in 1972 with a B.S. degree in Mining and Petroleum Engineering, he spent the next four years in the Taiwanese military and mining industry, before moving to the United States, where he enrolled in West Virginia University?s Mining Engineering Department. He received his M.S degree in Mining Engineering from WVU in 1978; then in 1982 became the first person to ever receive a Ph.D. in Mining from WVU. His thesis was titled, ?Development of Ultrasonic Techniques for the Measurement of In Situ Stresses?.

Jan 1, 2006

By Christopher Mark

Dr. Christopher Mark serves as Team Leader of the Rock Mechanics Section in the Rock Safety Engineering Branch of the NIOSH - Pittsburgh Research Laboratory. In this position he leads a multi-disciplinary team and conducts individual research directed towards fundamental ground control safety issues affecting miners. Dr. Mark is recognized as one of the country?s leading authorities on coal mine ground control. Through his research, he has made numerous important contributions to mine safety that have been widely adopted into mining practice. He is a highly original researcher, and has often developed new and innovative methods to tackle extremely complex problems in his field. In recent years Dr. Mark has also achieved wide international recognition. Five research projects in Canada, Australia, and South Africa have been based largely on his work.

Jan 1, 2007

By C. Nesbit, N. Duru

During the cyanide leaching process of gold and silver, ores that come from the transition zones which typically con-tains low levels of sulfide may produce one or more of the following reduced sulfur species: sulfide (HS ), polysulfides (Sn ), thiocyanate (SCN ), thiosulfate (S2O3 ), trithionate (S3O6 ), tetrathionate (S4O6 ), pentathionate (S5O6 ) and hexathionate (S6O6 ). The actual speciation of the reduced sulfur species in the circuits will primarily depend on the re-dox potential, pH, cyanide levels and existing sulfur species in recycled process water, as well as the presence of other reac-tive metal species. Development of an accurate analytical method for sul-fur species in cyanide leaching units of gold ores where sul-fur speciation occurs has an important role in explaining the metal recovery deviations. This study presents the speciation of sulfur species and development of an ion chromatography method to analyze the reduced sulfur species thiocyanate, thio-sulfate, trithionate and tetrathionate in cyanide leaching circuits for gold ores. The method developed has resulted in the precise quantification of target sulfur species in leach solutions.

Jun 1, 2024

By B. C. Allen

The interface energies of chronzium, molybdenunz. hugsten, and their solid-solution alloys Cv-35Re, MO-33Re, and UJ-25Re were studied at 0.6 to 1.0 of the absolllte liquidus ter)zpe,vature using fiz&apos;e )izethods. Liquid surface tension, yv , was deter mined clsing the pendant-drop and drop-weight methods. Results are, respectizlely, 1700, 2370, and 2480 +100 dynes per ct for the rhernium -containing alloys and essentially the same as tlwse reported for liquid chro)riln, trolybdenum, and tungsten. Average solid slrjace energy, rsv< xias ))zeasured using tlre fiber-extetlsion method. The ratio of ysS, the acerage high-angle grain-boundary energy, to ySV cclas jolnd fronz grain-bolzdary grooue angles fort)zed at the surface in an inert atrfizosphere. Absolllte iute?:face energies were deterawined using ?nultip/rase equilibria involzing suitable liquids of known surface tension (tin, silver). Interpretation of the experimented results in view of pvobable tenzperatzcre, orientation, and purity effects giz,e the follouling approximations in ergs per sq ctn: ysv (i2lo. Mo-33Re) - 2100, ySS (Mo, Mo-33Re) - 800, rr (defornzation twins in MO-33Re at 1200"C) - 800. ysV (Cr. Cr-35Re) - 2400. YSS (CY, Cr-35Re) - 1000. Probably Ylv- YSV- 2500 for tungsten and W-25Re, giving yss (It&apos;, W-25Re) - 900. The interface energies of solid and liqid ch?&apos;omiu?.z, nolybdenu?rr, and tungsten are not geatly aff&apos;ected by rhenium and therefore are not a ttlajor factor in the ductili zing rhenium effect in Croup VI-A metals. THE interface energies of the refractory Group VI-A metals, chromium, molybdenum, and tungsten, are not well-established. The objective of this investigation was to study the liquid surface tension, solid surface energy, and grain-boundary energy of these metals and compare them to those found for the bcc solid-solution alloys, Cr-35e,&apos; 0-33e,&apos; and -25e. Five techniques were used to measure interface energies in high-purity polycrystal rod, wire, and sheet at 0.6 to 1.0 of the absolute liquidus temperature. The alloys were chosen to see if there was any connection between interface-energy behavior and the ductilizing rhenium effecL4j5 EXPERIMENTAL WORK Materials. A description of the materials used is presented in Table I. Chromium rod was prepared by arc melting iodide process crystals supplied by Chromallo Cor., hot extruding, and warm swaging to 0.63-cm-diam rod.6 The sheet was prepared by rolling as-extruded rod to 95 pct reduction in area from a hydrogen furnace at 800" to 900°C and surface grinding off 0.02 cm from each face. Cr-35Re rod was prepared by arc melting sintered rhenium powder and iodide chromium crystals, warm rod rolling to 50 pct reduction in area in cans, and swaging to 60 pct reduction in area at 1100" to 1200°C. Some of the rod was warm-rolled to sheet and then surface-ground. Portions of swaged chromium and Cr-35Re were further reduced by swaging and drawing to 0.013-cm-diam wire by the General Electric Co. Mo-33Re and W-25Re rod, sheet, and wire were provided by Chase Brass and Copper Co. The molybdenum sheet consisted of two lots, both essentially the same except for the carbon content. Liquid Surface Tension. The liquid surface tension of Cr-35Re, Mo-33Re, and W-25Re was measured by a combination of pendant-drop and drop-weight methods using techniques already decribed." Following out-gassing, molten drops were formed on the ends of centerless-ground Mo-33Re and W-25Re rods by electron bombardment at 5 x 106 mm. Similar drops were formed on outgassed Cr-35Re rods by induction heating under 1 atm of 99.995 pct Ar. Solid Surface Energy. Solid surface energy was measured by conducting microcreep experiments on molybdenum, Mo-33Re, chromium, and Cr-35Re wires at 2350°, 2306, 1550°, and 180O°C, respectively. In preparation, gage marks -2.5 cm apart and -0.001 cm deep were circumferentially scribed on the wire with a razor blade. Weights of the wire material were then attached. Five to seven reasonably straight wires were hung in a container made out of the wire material. The free end was placed through a small hole in the removable top and secured by bending a small portion 90 deg. The containers not only tended to provide vapor-solid equilibrium for the wires but also protected them from gaseous impurities. They were nominally 2.5 cm in diam by 5 cm high and were made from extruded chromium rod, Cr-35Re arc casting, molybdenum bar stock, or welded Mo-33Re sheet. After deg re as ing, the assembly was outgassed at a relatively low temperature to 2 x 10"5 mm and then recrystallized 2 to 8 hr at the creep temperature in a rhenium-element resistance furnace. The static argon atmosphere was gettered by tantalum radiation shielding. Specimen temperature was measured optically to 25"C using calibration with known melting points and blackbody conditions. The wires generally developed a stable bamboo-type structure according to Fig, l(b), (c), and (d) and retained their gage marks [upper portion of Fig. l(d)]. One or two of the weights were clipped off to provide a low load for the creep anneal. To minimize the possibility of bending or breakage, the wires remained attached to the top of the annealing container which was held to keep the wires vertical. The distance between gage marks was

Jan 1, 1967

By Elliot P. Rexford

B. C. Burgess-—Prior to hearing this paper presented at the San Francisco meeting, I travelled by car from Yuma, Ariz., across south-central California and up through the San Joaquin Valley. After hearing the paper I returned by the coast route to San Diego then along the Mexican border to Yuma. The striking feature of these trips, related to this paper, was the dry river and creek beds at a time of year not the dry season. Contrasted with this was the wasteful use of water in irrigation canals and laterals. Poland says "at least 90 pct of the ground water pumped is used for irrigation." That being the case, it would appear that first consideration should be given to conservation of this use. Probably a small part of this is actually reaching the plants. Some measure of this loss between pump and crops would be revealing. Methods that might be employed to reduce this loss are pipe lines and spraying of some crops such as the banana planters are using in Central America. Another idea which might be investigated is to line canals and ditches with some water-repelling mineral like pyro-phyllite. Perhaps a comparatively thin sprayed-on

Jan 1, 1951

By Alvaro Diaz

Introduction, who is Teck Red Dog and Quebrada Blanca Mines Uniqueness of environment Arctic versus High Altitude Conditions Logistical challenges People and Stakeholders Conclusions

May 1, 2013