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1. New books Extractionmetallurgy'81. London, Institution of Mining and Metallurgy, 1981. 441 pp. $40. Structures and properties of engineering alloys, by W. F. Smith. London, McGraw-Hill, 1981. 512 pp. R89,65. Rock and mineral analysis, by W. M. Johnson and J. A. Maxwell (editors). 2nd ed. New York, Wiley, 1981. 424 pp. $40. Mining methods and equipment, by Mining Information Services. London, McGraw-Hill, 1981. 218 pp. International directory of acronyms in library, information and computer sciences, by P. M. Vaillancourt. New York, Bowker Publishing Co., 1980.516 pp. 2. New journals Trends in analytical chemistry (TRAC), Amsterdam, Elsevier, 12 issues per year. Subs. for Volume I (16 issues) D.H 95.50. Engineering management international, Amsterdam, Elsevier, 4 issues per year. V.S. $32.50, D.H. 70.00. 3. Mineral policy sector publications Mineral Bulletin MR 188. Vanadium: an imported mineral commodity. $3.60. Mineral Bulletin MR 190. Canadian mines: 1980 perspective. $3.00. Canadian mineral survey 1980, by the staff of Mineral Policy and Energy Sectors. $1.00. 4. NIM reports Report 2090 Observations made during the dig-out of a 48 MV A ferrochromium furnace. Report 2110 The investigation of a fracture on one side of a skip bridle in a mine shaft. Report 2111 Pilot-plant tests for the recovery of chromite and the noble metals from the UG-2 Reef at Maandagshoek. Report 2112 The behaviour of UG-2 chromite concentrates during smeUing. Report 2113 M uUivariable control of a milling circuit at East Driefontein Gold Mine. Report 2115 Estimation of material variation in powdered materials Report 2116 Optimum operation of a direct-reading spectrometer with excitation by a 5 kW inductively coupled plasma torch. Report 2121 Five robust indicators of central value. Report 2124 The direct determination, by differential pulse anodicstripping voUammetry at the thin mercury-film electrode,of cadmium, lead, and copper. Report 2127 The preparation of a reference material of South African zirconium concentrate from Richards Bay. Report 2128 The determination, by differential pulse anodic-stripping voltammetry at the thin mercury-film electrode, of cadmium and thallium in six NIMROC reference materials Report 2130 The organizing of conferences. Research grant The Board of Directors of International Precious Metals Institute in conjunction with Gemini Industries, Inc., a California-based refiner of precious metals, recently announced a Gemini Research Grant of $3000 will be awarded annually to a graduate student who is pursuing studies in metallurgy, chemical processes as it pertains to precious metals, or materials sciences, and who is performing or planning research studies in the precious metals. Accidents and diseases The Third International Colloquium for the Prevention of Occupational Accidents and Diseases in the Iron and Metal Industry is to be held on 15th and 16th June, 1982, in Palma de Mallorca, Spain.

Jan 1, 1981

By N. Hanief

This research involves the investigation of phase transformations in the platinum-chromium coated system. Single-layer 0.1 µm platinum coatings were deposited via electron beam deposition on 99.98 percent pure chromium substrates. Specimens were subjected to systematic heat treatment in a vacuum furnace at 900°C for up to 20 hours. Phase formation and the changes in surface morphology were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).Both CrPt and Cr3Pt phases are formed during heat treatment for different times at 900°C. Significant changes in the morphology of this coated system were detected after heat treatment at 900°C for 20 hours.

Jan 1, 2012

By K. R. Johnson

Changes in the pattern of computer systems for mine planning and geologic evaluation are occurring as a consequence of the introduction of 3-D high performance graphics terminals. The VULCAN system is described and an outline of its functionality is discussed. Increasingly, the integration of both database systems and graphics and databases will occur, allowing a greater degree of information access to mine operators. The system covers areas of database, drillhole graphics, mine design and layout, surface and solid modelling as well as reserve inventory generation. The design of the software is such that it is fairly commodity-independent and entirely menu-driven, to enable non computer-trained personnel easily to access the system.

Jan 1, 1987

By R. Kosmicki

Wet end components of centrifugal slurry pumps used in the hydraulic transport of solids are subject to substantial erosive wear. Accurate prediction of the casing wear rate and location for a particular duty is beneficial for correct pump selection and design, maintenance planning, and elimination of emergency shutdowns. CFD multiphase simulation using the Eulerian-Eulerian approach is being applied successfully to determine the velocity fields and solids concentration in the centrifugal pump, allowing for accurate predictions of casing wear patterns resulting from sliding abrasive wear. Simulation results for various single domain and multi-domain (multistage) multiphase simulations are discussed. Emphasis is placed on results from a 3-dimensional, multi-stage transient, multiphase simulation and comparison to field data.

Jan 1, 2007

By C. P. S. Barnard, D. G. Krige

Objective justification on economic grounds for expenditure aimed at improving the quality of the underground working environment requires a suitable measure of any improvement in productivity that would result under routine working conditions. For this purpose, a composite production criterion is suggested, as well as its correlation under actual operating conditions with various factors directly affecting productivity and the environment. Of the environmental factors, wet-bulb temperature appears to be the major factor affecting productivity. The production data given indicate that a decrease in the wet-bulb temperature of 1OC can be expected to result, on average, in some 3 to 4 per cent increase in productivity; in the higher temperature ranges, this percentage could be much higher.

Jan 1, 1981

ORANGE FREE STATE BRANCH Proceedings of the Annual General Meeting The Annual General Meeting of the Branch was held in the St. Helena Club on Tuesday, 3rd October, 1972 at 8.00 p.m. Mr J. M. Meyer was in the chair. METALLURGISTS AND COMPUTERS An address delivered at the Annual General Meeting of the O.F.S. Branch by Prof D. D. Howat. Most men who remain in mining and metallurgy like their jobs. There are many times when you say to yourself or to your wife - 'Anybody can have my job - if they want it'. You feel so fed up and frustrated everything that could go wrong has gone wrong.

1. Book reviews Mill Operators' Conference. Parkville (Australia), Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, 1982. 425 pp. Reviewer: B. K. Loveday Off highway truck haulage. Newman Combined Group, the Australian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy and the Institute of Engineers in Australia. Sep. 1982. Reviewer: B. J. Vorster Environmental engineering in South African mines.Johannesburg, Mine Ventilation Society of South Africa, 1982. 974 pp. Reviewer: A. N. Brown Underground Operators Conference. West Coast Tasmania Branch. Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy. Reviewer: D. R. Aspeling 2. New publications Electric steelimaking in the eighties: challenges and opportunities. Rotterdam, Balkema, 1982. 362 pp. $50.00 or £33. Tungsten: a review, by P. M. Harris and D. S. C. Humphreys. London, Institution of Mining and Metallurgy (Occasional Paper 2), 1983. Members: £3, nonmembers £6. The platinum industry - prospects in recovery. London, Shearson{American Express Ltd (St. Alphage House, Fore Street, London EC2Y 5DA), 1983. £75. The best of E&MJ mining and processing idea book' New York, Engineering and Mining Journal, 1983. 128 pp. Free with subscription to Engineering and Mining Journal. Mining 1983. Harlow (U.K.), Longman Group Limited, 1983. 500 pp. £39.50. Ooncise guide to world coalfields. London, World Coal Resources and Reserves Data Bank Service (14/15 Lower Grosvenor Place, London SW1W OEX), 1983. 380 pp. £45. 3. Canadian publications Asbestos, by G. O. Vagt, 9 pp. Ooal and Coke, by J. A. Aylsworth, 16 pp. Orude oil and natural gas, by R. L. Thomas, 12 pp. Phosphate, by G. S. Barry, 8 pp. Rhenium, by S. A. Hamilton, 3 pp. 4. Mintek reports Report 2102D The recovery of magnesite from dump fines from the Strathmore Mine. (First issued Feb. 1981.) Report 2106D The evaluation of drill cores and a bulk sample from a deposit of andalusite near Thabazimbi. (First issued Mar., 1981.) Report 2108D Evaluation of a grinding aid in batch grinding, classification, and gravity concentration. (First issued Jul. 1981.) Report 2109D The evaluation of an andalusite deposit from Kleinfontein, Groot Marico. (First issued Apr. 1981.) Report M7D The beneficiation of chromite ore from the Ma-l seam near Marikana. (First issued Nov. 1981.) Report M62 A preliminary investigation into the extraction of zinc by direct oxidative leaching of high-manganese sphalerite. Report M76 A mineralogical investigation of a refractory gold ore, and of a sulphide concentrate and calcined tailing from that ore. Report M85 List of unrestricted Mintek publications issued from 1966 to 1982. Report M97 Reduction in metal consumption by the use of alternating lines of higher and lower lifter bars in a rod mill. Report M98 Multivariable control and optimization of the operation of a milling circuit at East Driefontein Gold Mine. Report M101 The potentiality of heat-treated balls in the grinding of gold ores. X-ray diffraction The Southern Transvaal Section of the South Mrican Chemical Institute is to present a mini-course on 'X-ray Diffraction: Theory and Application' in Johannesburg on 18th and 19th October, 1983.

Jan 1, 1983

By Y. Sagawa

The Hishikari Gold Mine consists of epithermal vein type Au-Ag deposits, each of which has several veins standing almost in parallel each other and inclining 70 to 90 degrees. The veins have 1 to 3m widths and are extracted mainly by drifting and bench stoping with waste rock fill. The Hishikari has tried to optimise the stope dimensions by the Potvin’s Stability Graph Method, which is well known as an easy and effective tool to design appropriate stope dimensions. The method, however, has some limitations of application due to its simplicity so that it has been used only in limited cases. The authors developed a new numerical approach, based on 2D FEM solu-tion for the stability analysis. As a result, it has been possible to solve the Hishikari situation. The authors also introduce the concept of the design approach and compare the results obtained by us-ing the approach with the database of the Stability Graph Method for validation. La mine d’or Hishikari se compose de gisements d'Au-AG avec des types de filons épither-maux dont chacun a plusieurs veines qui sont presque parallèle les unes par rapport aux autres et sont inclinées de 70 à 90 degrés. Les veines ont de 1 à 3 m de largueur et elles sont principalement extraites en creusant et en abattant des bancs de roches encaissantes. Hishikari a essayé d’optimiser les dimensions du chantier d’exploitation avec la méthode de graphique de stabilité de Potvin, bien connue comme un outil facile et efficace pour avoir des dimensions de chantier d’exploitation appropriées. Toutefois, la méthode a certaines limites d’application dues à sa sim-plicité de sorte qu’elle a été utilisée seulement dans des cas limités. Les auteurs ont développé une nouvelle approche numérique, basée sur la solution 2D FEM, pour l’analyse de stabilité. Par conséquent, il a été possible d'expliquer la situation de Hishikari. Les auteurs présentent le concept de l'approche et ils comparent les résultats donnés en l'employant avec la base de données de la méthode de graphique de stabilité pour la validation. Die Hishikari-Goldmine besteht aus Au-Ag-Ablagerungen mit epithermalen Adern, die jeweils mehrere Adern aufweisen, die mit einer Neigung zwischen 70 und 90 Grad nahezu parallel zueinander verlaufen. Die Adern haben eine Breite von 1 bis 3 Metern und werden überwiegend durch Vortrieb von Stollen und Bergversatz abgebaut. Hishikari hat versucht, die Abmessungen des Abbauorts durch das Potvins Stabilitätskurvenverfahren zu optimieren, das als einfaches und effizientes Mittel für die Erzielung angemessener Abmessungen des Abbauorts bekannt ist. Das Verfahren weist jedoch aufgrund seiner Einfachheit einige Anwendungsbeschränkungen auf, so dass es nur in einigen Fällen benutzt worden ist. Vor diesem Hintergrund haben die Autoren einen neuen numerischen Ansatz entwickelt, der hinsichtlich der Stabilitätsanalyse auf der 2D-FEM-Lösung beruht. Dadurch wurde es möglich, das Problem von Hishikari zu lösen. In diesem Dokument stellen die Autoren die Grundlagen des Ansatzes vor und vergleichen die erzielten Resultate durch Benutzung der Datenbank des Stabilitätskurvenverfahrens zur Validierung.

Jan 1, 2003

The development of 3D multi-parametric models facilitate the provision of resource information well in advance of the mining face. Using the model, one can evaluate mining areas not only for grade and tonnage predictions but also for predictions of rock mass quality. Blast design and milling requirements can be derived from the rock mass quality predictions. This information can be used for overall mine planning and evaluation, costing, production optimization and slope design. This allows the full range of mining activities and costs to be interconnected, there by lowering costs and improving efficiencies through the application of the multi-parametric model. Feasibility studies for new projects require an expected budget expenditure estimate to within5% of actual costs. This level of accuracy is expected by mining companies and investors but cannot be achieved without a sound knowledge of the rock mass variability. By developing a 3Dmulti-parametric model as part of the feasibility study and using the same geological model exploration boreholes, a significantly better understanding of the rock mass conditions can be obtained. This rock mass information can be used for equipment selection, economic pit layouts, processing plant design, underground mining layouts and support requirements, to name but a few design parameters that depend on rock mass conditions. The initiative at Anglo Platinums, Potgietersrust Platinum Ltd.?s (PPRust) operation, has delivered significant results showing improvements across the mine to mill value chain. These include increased loading rates, reduced electricity and crushing consumables, as well as higher plant throughput. The ore reserve model has gained international acceptance as an invaluable tool for a mining operation. Certainly most financial organizations will not invest in a mining project that does not have an ore reserve model. There is the potential for multi-parametric models to be recognized as vital tools in the mining process, as is the case with ore reserve models.

Jan 1, 2006

By Z. Yang, X. Bian

"The synthesis of 3-hydroxy-2-naphthyl hydroxamic acid (H2O5) as a collector for bastnaesite is described. The flotation performance of H2O5 with respect to bastnaesite was investigated by flotation tests, measurements of the surface adsorption capacity, and polarizing microscopy. The results indicated that H2O5 exhibits superior collecting performance compared with direct flotation recovery of bastnaesite, with recoveries above 90% at pH 8–9. The adsorption mechanism of H2O5 on bastnaesite was studied by solution chemistry analysis and ?-potential tests. The results showed that the adsorption of H2O5 is associated with the types and concentrations of hydrolysis products of rare earth cations on the bastnaesite surface. At pH 8–9, the hydrolysis-dominant components RE(OH)2+ and RE(OH)2 + of the rare earth cations were adsorbed onto the bastnaesite surfaces, which were considered to be the major positive active points and were beneficial to chemical adsorption of the reagents. The pH range of 7–10 was optimum for bastnaesite floatability, and the adsorption of H205 on bastnaesite was by means of chemical adsorption through formation of a five-membered ring chelate. IntroductionThe rare earth elements (REEs) have long been known as ‘industrial gold’ and are widely used in the petroleum, chemical, ceramic, metallurgical, and permanent magnet material industries because of their special physicochemical properties (Chen, 2011; Krishnamurthy and Guptac, 2002; Esquivel, Bohe, and Pasquevich, 2002; Abrahami, Xiao, and Yang, 2015). Demand for REEs is growing in response to continuous advances in science and technology. Currently, most REEs are extracted from bastnaesite ((Ce,La)CO3F) (Chelgani et al., 2015; Yosry, 1990), which is recovered from rare earth ores by flotation. Typically, hydroxamic acids are used as bastnaesite collectors (Xu, 2015; Ren, 1997; Mousumi and Venugopal, 2016). Research into the mechanism of interaction between hydroxamic acids and bastnaesite is important for improving the recoveries of bastnaesite. However, there have been few studies that examine this mechanism."

Jan 1, 2017

This report describes the investigational work on the development of a fire-assay method capable of concentrating, in a button of nickel sulphide, all six of the platinum-group metals present in samples of ores, concentrates, and mattes. In the method adopted, the sample is fused with a mixture of sodium carbonate, sodium tetraborate, nickel carbonate, and sulphur. The nickel sulphide formed during fusion collects the noble metals and carries them to the bottom of the crucible. The nickel sulphide button is dissolved, and the noble metals are isolated and determined. The coefficients of variation range between 1,0 and 4,9 per cent for the various platinum-group metals when they are present in concentrations between 0,3 and 75 p.p.m.

Oct 15, 1971

By C. Rodrigues

This investigation compares the gas adsorption behaviour and capacity of three bituminous coals from South Africa, of similar rank, by assessing the characteristics of the raw coal, as well as the resulting float and sink fractions (at 1.80 cm3/g) obtained by density separation of crushed coal samples. Calculations were also made to obtain the raw coal gas storage capacity from the weighted contribution of both float and sink fractions results, thereby permitting comparison with the analysed results of the raw coal. The study demonstrated that the clean fraction of a coal has the highest capacity to retain gas in the sorbed state, followed by raw coal, and lastly the sink fraction, and re?confirmed previous investigations that showed minerals to be inhibitors of gas adsorption and retention.

Jan 1, 2008

The sixth University of Stelenbosch (US)/University of Cape Town (UCT) Minerals Processing Symposium was held at the University of Cape Town on Friday, 7th August, 1987, and was sponsored by The South African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy (SAIMM). Once again the Symposium attracted a large number of delegates from the mining, metallurgical, and chemical industries. Uranium and electricity A symposium on 'Uranium and Electricity- The Complete Nuclear Fuel Cycle' will be held in Saskatoon, Canada, during 18th to 20th September, 1988. The Symposium is sponsored by the Canadian Nuclear Society. Electric steel The Institute of Metals, organizers of the 3rd European Electric Steel Congress, have announced that this important international event will take place in October 1989 at the Bournemouth International Centre.

Jan 1, 1987

By W. J. Cruise

This paper reports on a test that was conducted underground in a mine for two years on the following: pipes coated with paint, fusion-bonded powder, metal, or impregnated tape; and aluminium, stainless-steel, 3CR12, and plastic pipes. It was found that the degree of corrosivity and mechanical damage increases substantially from the shaft of a mine towards the stope. Thus, the range of coatings that can be used successfully is fairly large in the shaft and haulageways, but corrosion-resistant materials, especially corrosion-resistant steels, need to be used close to the stope. A study of the relative costs involved showed the costs of pipes of low-carbon steel and unplasticized polyvinyl chloride to be lowest, and those of epoxy-coated steel pipes to be highest.

Jan 1, 1985

By M. Wu, X. Zhao

This paper presents an integrated pipeline transport system for thickened coal sludge, which combines pretreatment and pipeline transport with combustion techniques of thickened coal sludge. The pipeline can transport thickened coal sludge with a sufficiently high solids content (about72%?77%) and high apparent viscosity (about 1 000Pa?S?3,000 Pa?S) directly by pipeline having neither use for water nor an addition agent. The transport distance can be as high as 1 000 metres. In particular, the operating principles, key equipment and technical parameters of this integrated system are examined in this paper. The integrated system effectively causes no pollution to the environment because it is completely sealed, and conserves energy over traditional conveyer designs. Keywords: pipeline transport; integrated system; circulating fluidized bed boiler; thickened coal sludge; high solids content

Jan 1, 2007

Robert Rampton Porter died on 8th September, 1985, in Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 75. Bob Porter was born in Salt Lake City in 1910, and he attended the University of Utah, where he obtained an M.Sc. degree in metallurgy. Galvanizing In conjunction with the National Institute for Materials Research of the CS I R, the South African Hot-Dip Galvanizers' Association has organized the First International Conference on Galvanizing in South Africa. This event will take place at the C SIR Conference Centre in Pretoria from 3rd to 7th November, 1986. Environmental effects of mining A one-day meeting entitled 'The environmental effects of mining and restoration' will be held on 23rd September, 1986, at the University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology, Manchester, England.

Jan 1, 1986

Financial Times Mining International Year Book 1979. London, The Financial Times Limited, 1979. 712 pp. Price: airmail, U .S. $60,00; surface mail, U .S. $42,00. International Wrought Copper Council. Glossary of terms applicable to wrought products in copper and copper alloys. London, the Council (6 Bathurst Street, Sussex Square, London W2 2SD), 1978. 170 pp. 80 Swiss francs (approximately £25). Council of Mining and Metallurgical Institutions At a meeting of the Council of Commonwealth Mining and Metallurgical Institutions held on 15th January, 1979, it was unanimously agreed that the name of the Council should be changed.. Assaying and analytical techniques This year sees the Diamond Jubilee of the South African Institute of Assayers and Analysts, which held its first meeting on the 3rd of May, 1919.

Jan 1, 1979

1. Book reviews A report by the Monopolies and Mergers Commission on the efficiency and. costs in the development, production and supply of coal by the NCB (Chairman G. Le Quesne). London, Her Majesty's Stationery Office, Jun. 1983. £20 for report and appendices (2 vols). Reviewer: M. J. Martinson Canadian mines handbook 1983-84, edited by M. R. Brown. Toronto, Northern Miner Press Ltd, 1983. 444 pp. $22. Reviewer: Northern Miner Review Editor 2. New publications Developments in geophysical exploration methods-5, edited by A. A. Fitch. Barking. Applied Science Publishers Ltd (Ripple Road, Barking, Essex IG II OSA, England), 1983. 255 pp. £35.75. High-pressure researches in geoscience--behaviour and properties of earth materials at high pressures and temperatures, edited by W. Schreyer. Stuttgart, E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, 1983. 545 pp. DM 188. Dynamics of oil and gas accumulations, by Alain Perrodon. Pau, Elf Aquitaine (Documentation Centre Micoulau, 64018 Pau, France), 1983. 368 pp. 240 FF. New paths to mineral exploration, edited by F. Bender. Stuttgart, E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, 1983. 169 pp. DM 58. Results of the First Workshop on Standards in Geothermics, edited by R. Haenel and M. Gupta. Stuttgart, E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, 1983. DM 98. E&MJ book of jlowsheets edited by Paul C. Merritt. New York, McGraw-Hill, 1983. 214 pp. $42. 1983 E&MJ international directory of mining. New York, McGraw-Hill, 1983. 808 pp. $70. The future of heavy crude and tar sands - volume 11. New York, McGraw-Hill, 1983. 1300 pp. $1l0. 3. Mineral Policy and Energy publications Aluminium, by A. Johnston. 12 pp. . Arsenic, by J. J. Hogan. 4 pp. Cobalt, by D. G. Fong. 6 pp. Selenium and tellurium, by A. G. Johnston. 7 pp. Stone, by D. H. Stonehouse. 13 pp. Uranium, by R. T. Whillans. 16 pp. 4. Mintek publications Report M88 'l'he recovery of platinum-group metals and gold by the lead-collectionstep of thefire-assay procedure. Report MI04 The preparation and analysis of reference materials, and the provision of recommended values. Progress report no. 5. Report Mll1 The determination, by flow-injection analysis, of iron, sulphate, silver, and cadmium. Special publication 3 A guide to the presentation of papers.

Jan 1, 1983

By F. Riedel

In May 2009 a test work programme was carried out at the sorting laboratory of CommodasUltrasort in Germany which was aimed at establishing the efficiency of X- ray transmission sorting for the recovery of unliberated diamonds in a size range of +8mm. A PRO Tertiary XRT belt sorter with a working width of 600mm and a belt speed of -3mJs was used for the test work. Dual energy X-ray transmission sorting is a type of sensor-based sorting which uses an X-ray scanning system, The attenuation of the transmitting X-rays is measured at two different energy levels, Thereby it is possible to eliminate the effect of the particle thickness on the measurement result. The effective measurement results in a classification by elemental order based on the periodic table.

Jan 1, 2010

By B. Z. Weiss, N. R. Comins, F. Blum

Some aspects of the mechanical behaviour of chromium-containing dual-phase 3CR12 steel were investigated as a function of the temperature and strain rate. The yield stress was found to depend on both the temperature and the strain rate, with no substantial differences between the longitudinal and the transverse directions. The strain-rate sensitivity decreased with increasing temperature. The yield stress could be presented as a function of a temperature-strain-rate parameter. Impact test results showed substantial differences between the energy absorption of the transverse and longitudinal specimens above the ductile-brittle transition temperature. Changes in energy absorption with temperature were gradual for specimens in both orientations, and the transition from ductile to brittle behaviour occurred between 373 and 173 K. Strain rates ahead of the tip of notches with different geometries were calculated and measured experimentally.

Jan 1, 1990