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By W. E. Uren

The Dominion Coal Board was created by Statute passed on July 17th, 1947, and was brought into effect by proclamation on October 21st, 1947. It is, consequently, a comparatively young body, having been in existence for only eighteen months. Before dealing with the constitution and duties of the Board, it may be well to answer the unspoken question of why it has been considered necessary to single out coal as one specific mineral requiring the continuous attention of a specially created permanent Board. In Canada, coal has been the neglected sister of the more spectacular minerals and it comes as a surprise co many to note that in 1948 the value of the coal produced in Canada was higher than that of any other mineral with the one exception of gold. Coal touches upon our daily lives in many different places of which the public are not generally conscious. As household fuel, it is a necessity of life in this northern climate; as a source of steam, it provides the heat for most of our industries; it is the food of the 'iron horse' chat shuttles our persons and our goods across the land; it is the source of power in many parts of the country; it is the chemical reducing agent chat, in our furnaces, transmutes the metallic oxides to the virgin metal. Coal is, in fact, the indispensable mineral chat forms the corner-stone of our present structure of industrial civilization. Is it, then, such an odd thing that the provision of an adequate supply of coal should be a matter of national interest or that measures should have been taken by government co provide for a constant watch, by a permanent Board, on the supply of co al? ? The Board is the result of the recommendations of the Royal Commission on coal which made a long and detailed study of the Canadian coal problem. It is composed of a permanent Chairman and six part-time members, most of whom have had intimate contact with various phases of the industry.

Jan 1, 1949

By Ralph Johnson, Philippe Gaultier, Loui Fauteux, Andrew Dasys

"This paper outlines the implementation of the Mechanic's Stethoscope from the earliest stages of development to the implementation at Brunswick Mining and Smelting. It details the cooperative efforts of personnel at Noranda Technology Centre (NTC) and Brunswick Mining & Smelting (BMS) during the technology transfer of the Mechanic's Stethoscope. It demonstrates how everyone worked toward a goal of developing a product that is accepted as a useful addition to the work environment.The Mechanic's Stethoscope is an underground vehicle diagnostic system consisting of computer hardware and software intended to assist mechanics in daily tasks. Its tools facilitate quick and easy access to any information required during the maintenance of an underground vehicle. Each tool presents vehicle condition data in a simplified manner. The additional information improves the mechanics understanding of the vehicle condition. The result is a healthier fleet of vehicles and faster diagnosis times.When introducing a computer based system into a traditionally non-computer oriented environment a concern is the acceptance of the system. This concern exists on many levels."

Jan 1, 1995

By Robert B. Parsons

"Finance Minister Paul Martin's second budget might be good for Canada's mining industry in the long run, but the budget raises a number of concerns for the industry in the near term. The budget papers suggest that the 25% resource allowance is not working as intended, and report that the Department of Finance will be reviewing this valuable allowance. The so-called ""large corporations tax"" rate will be increased. This annual tax, which is imposed on a corporation's capital even when the corporation is not in production, is particularly harmful to the mining sector.IntroductionThe Honourable Paul Martin, in his second federal budget, emphasized spending cuts and made only modest tax changes. However, two of these tax changes could have a serious impact on the Canadian mining industry: the proposed review of the 25% resource allowance; and, the increase in the large corporations tax rate.Personal Tax Measures Personal Tax Rates UnchangedThe government has been under political pressure not to increase personal tax rates. Mr. Martin's announcement that rates would not change will be popular."

Jan 1, 1995

By Linda Hodgson

1. Introduction ?Northgate Minerals Corporation is a mid-tier gold and copper producer with mining operations, development projects and exploration properties in Canada and Australia. ?Kemess Mine is Northgate?s principal operation. Where in the world is Kemess? ?Kemess is located in north-central British Columbia,430 kilometres northwest of Prince George. ?The Kemess South complex consists of an open-pit mine, a 52,000 tonnes per day mill and various ancillary support facilities including maintenance shops and housing for Kemess' 340 full-time employees.

May 1, 2010

By George W. Bain

Mr. Geo. W. Bain: Dr. H. C. Cooke's discussion of 'The Geology and Mineral Deposits of the Harricanaw and Bell River Basins' possesses many of the elements of a good political address; perhaps his long residence in Ottawa has some bearing upon his method of discussing geological work. The three essential parts of the address are all included. First, the plank - "Contributed discussion on the Geology and Mineral Deposits of the Harricanaw and Bell River Basins"; second, the personal attack upon the opponent, to show antipathy to the opponent as well as to his ideas; and third, controversion of a number of statements, which have been made to appear as planks of the opponents platform, even statements and work which are in no way connected with one under discussion. In the following pages, I will confine my attention to a defense of my work in the Harricanaw and Bell River basins, leaving discussion of the other areas mentioned by Dr. Cooke until results of the re-surveys are published. It is intimated that it was impossible to make a geological examination of an area of 1,600 sq. miles on a scale of four miles to the inch (base map supplied) in three and a half months, because "the area is accessible only from the railway along the northern edge together with a few roads close to it, and from rather wide separated streams?. There is one way, known to most geologists, whereby a place can be reached other than by railway coach or motor boat, and that the oldest of all -- walking. Most of the region was reached in this fashion. The boundaries of all the 18 townships included in the map are surveyed, nine are divided into lots, and the north-south and east-west centre lines of most of the others are surveyed and have mile-posts placed.

Jan 1, 1927

By Parviz N. Farsangi, Ferri P. Hassani, Allen G. Hayward

"Kidd Creek Mines places approximately 10 000 tonnes of consolidated rockfill (CRF) daily. Consolidated rockfill comprises sized aggregate mixed with different ratios and amounts of binders. Consolidated rockfill is employed to simplify subsequent pillar recovery and provide improved passive/active ground support.The consolidated rockfill is designed to sustain not only the gravitational loading of the overlaying fill material, but also to some extent the dynamic loading applied during blasting of the adjacent stopes and/or pillars. This paper describes the steps taken to optimize the pre-sent fill system at Kidd Creek Mines.The emphasis is on four areas which have high saving potential: lower cost alternative binders, structural design, quality control measures, in-situ testing techniques for back analysis. A consolidated rockfill design optimization chart was developed from these investigations."

Jan 1, 1996

By Brad Ross

? Value in number of children ? Polygamy common ? Support of extended family and friends ? HIV/AIDS ? Not a culture of savings ? Minimal mechanical experience ? Supportive ? Unintended hindrance ? Mining claims ? Export Permits Lack of funding

May 1, 2011

By Reno Pressacco

Abstract- Agrium Inc. is a world leader in the production, distribution, and marketing of agricultural products and services in both North America and Argentina. The new phosphate mine and mill complex located southwest of Kapuskasing, Ontario, was constructed to replace an offshore supply of phosphate rock, and produces a high-grade phosphate concentrate. The Cargill Township Carbonatite Complex is one of a series of carbonatite complexes in the region that are hosted by the 1.9 Ga aged Kapuskasing Structural Zone. The carbonatites in the mine area have intruded Archean gneissic granodiorite rocks of the Wawa Subprovince, and metasedimentary rocks of the Quetico Subprovince. The Cargill Carbonatite Complex displays a typical concentric zonation pattern from an outer ring of alkalic pyroxenites, through an inner ring of sövite-carbonatite, to a central core of rauhaugite-carbonatite. The initial carbonatite intrusion and subsequent residual orebody have been modified by faulting such that the northwestern third of the complex has been displaced approximately 2.5 km northeast. The phosphate ores are composed principally of residual apatite sands that were formed by the weathering and dissolution of the soluble minerals of the carbonatite protolith. These ores are subdivided by their iron content into high grade (A ores) and lower grade (B1 and B2) ores. They are separated from the primary unweathered carbonatite by a layer of saprolite, whose thickness varies depending upon the composition of the underlying carbonatite. Cretaceous waste materials consisting of well-sorted silica/kaolinite sand and peat deposits are typically found to stratigraphically overlie the ores. A minor amount of the ore feed comes from cemented phosphate ores. All rock types are covered by Pleistocene glacial tills and clays.

Jan 1, 2001

Agenda ?Trends in Wireless Technology ?Success and Opportunities ?Improving plants efficiency ?Improving plants reliability ?Improving plants safety and security ?Wireless Ecosystem ?Lessons Learnt / Recommendations Why Wireless? ?Lower cost (no wiring cost) ?Flexibility (no wire) ?Standards-compliant wireless devices major factor enabling growth:?Standard WLAN (IEEE 802.11)?Wireless field I/Os (IEEE 802.11, ISA100.11 and WirelessHART) ??Wireless adoption will become a milestone that will rival the introduction of Fieldbus and the distributed control system (DCS) in its importance.? ARC Advisory Group

May 1, 2009

By B. Tiryaki, M. Ayhan, O. Z. Hekimoglu

"This paper discusses the aspects of tracking cutters related to the computer-aided design of shearer drums. A comprehensive computer analysis of drum dynamic parameters for multi-tracking tool arrangement is not presently available, as the current computer programs mainly consider the aspects of single tracking. Despite the fact that the single-tracking arrangement is recommended for efficient cutting, some major drum manufacturers have been seen to persistently adhere to multi-tracking, probably due to a lack of information. Further studies in this field are believed to contribute greatly to the current understanding of the computer-aided design of shearer drums.A number of laboratory simulation trials and long-term underground investigations were carried out in detail on tracking cutter arrangement, and an equation required for a computer program was derived. The results obtained from computer assessment of dynamic parameters for drums with multi-tracking arrangement were found to be in accordance with those of the underground trials, indicating the validity of the equations. The procedure adopted for the computer appraisal of the shearer drums designed with a multi-tracking concept, as described in this study, is therefore recommended to be considered in the currently employed computer programs."

Jan 1, 2003

By R. W. Lawrence

"The management of acid rock drainage( ARD) to prevent impact when tailings are disposed of in the environment requires understanding of the phenomena giving rise to acidic drainage, a rigorous evaluation of the weathering characteristics of the tailings, and the successful implementation of control measures that will be effective in the long term. This paper provides a brief theoretical background to the complex reactions taking place in mill tailings containing residual sulfide minerals which must be appreciated to enable waste characterization program to be effective in predicting the future behavior of the tailings and in designing control methods which will work. The principals and practice of prediction and control as part of an ARD management strategy will then be discussed.Paper Not Available at Time of Publication"

Jan 1, 1997

By T. I. Urbancic, C-I. Trifu

"ABSTRACTSeveral case studies are presented on the use of seismic techniques to map active structures, evaluate changes in stress levels, and identify the conditions leading to large magnitude seismic events and the generation of rock-bursts in Canadian mines. The results suggest that microseismicity can be used to identify the orientation of active fractures; define regions of relatively high and low stress, and those most likely to host a rockburst; determine the role of local stress on observed shear failures; and identify the path of stress transfer associated with the remote triggering of rockbursts. Additionally, the conditions leading to rock-bursts can be characterized by a significant increase in the clustering of microseismic events along the fault plane orientation of an impending event, and an increase in the effective stress levels. It is concluded that the analysis of microseismicity provides the means for remotely monitoring rock mass behaviour as a result of mining."

Jan 1, 1997

Access to accurate real-time information is critical to maintaining efficiency and competitiveness in any modern minerals processing facility. At MMG LXML Sepon Copper Operation in Lao P.D.R., controlling the copper grade of the feed to the leaching circuit is paramount for maximising productivity and copper recovery. Since 2008, real-time analysis data has been available to process engineers from the Geoscan on-belt analyser installed on the Copper Mill feed conveyor. Access to accurate real-time results from the Geoscan has allowed the process engineers to strictly control blending based on copper grade to overcome variability in the plant feed, where conventional sampling and laboratory analysis is difficult, error prone and time consuming. In addition to enjoying these benefits since the Geoscan’s installation, in recent times the process engineers have expanded the use of the Geoscan by observing elemental results other than copper grade to control different aspects of the operation, focussing on the reduction of Gangue Acid Consumption. This paper discusses the process of expanding the Geoscan use at the operation, including an explanation of the calibration process. Additionally, a brief description of the Geoscan and its use at MMG LXML Sepon Copper Operation is provided, as well as a summary of recent calibration and analysis results. A discussion of future works concludes the paper.

Jan 1, 2016

By Anthony J. Deevy

"Abstract -The Magino gold mine is located 45 km northeast of Wawa, Ontario. There was limit­ ed gold production in the Iate thirties. The present operation was officially opened in October 1988 and produced gold until September 1992. It was a 635 tonnes per day, decline-accessed mine, with ore coming from several small blast hole and shrinkage stopes.The host for the gold is the Webb Lake granodiorite stock which was intruded into the Goudreau Lake Deformation Zone. This east-northeast-striking deformation zone overprints the generally east­ west-striking isoclinally folded metavolcanic and metasedimentary rocks, which make up the east end of the Michipicoten greenstone belt. The ore-shoots are controlled by dextral delatancy associated with the Goudreau Lake Deformation Zone. Shearing, bleaching and silicification accompanied the gold emplacement."

Jan 1, 1994

By D. H. Pulling

Statistics for copper consumption from various sources show that the importance of production from secondary sources is increasing. This is of particular significance in countries such as the U.K ., which are totally dependent on secondary material for the supply of home-produced copper . A brief survey of the U.K . industry has shown that, in the past, relatively high profit margins have not encouraged high cap ital investment and development of more sophisticated operating techniques, but set against a background of rapidly escalating operating and energy costs , together with an ever-increasing demand for copper , it is anticipated that the industry will see great changes in the near future. With this in mind, an experimental furnace for continuous smelting of copper-bearing scrap has been developed at the University of Birmingham. This furnace has been designed to combine the conventional operations of blast furnace or reverberatory smelting, usually followed by converting, in one unit, and incorporates many of the features of the WORGRA and Noranda processes for continuous primary smelting . It consists of a long, sloping channel, constructed of chrome-magnesite refractory, which: is churned near the top. Smelting is effected lower down the channel, where iron, etc., in the scrap is oxidized and slagged off with silica flux. Provision is made for oil injection to increase oxidation rates. Metal can flow from the bottom of the channel, and slag from the top, so that a counter-current flow is achieved. The approximate molten capacity is 25 kg. Various scrap charges, both synthetically made and as supplied from various industrial smelters, have been successfully smelted. Metal of 83 -95 % Cu has been produced, depending on the original charge composition and the degree of air injection, although air injection was also found to considerably increase the copper loss to slag. Recoveries of other valuable non-ferrous metals in the charge were good.

Jan 1, 1977

By G. E. Viens, R. A. Campbell, G. N. Banks

A survey of the literature reveals wide differences in the procedures used in making iron ore pellets and in the properties of the pellets obtained. In this paper, the methods of production and the properties of pellets, as reported in the literature, are examined in an effort to determine what correlations exist between them. An attempt is also made to determine the levels of the properties of pellets which are considered acceptable and desirable in modern practice. M UCH has been written regarding the important changes which have been taking place recently in the iron ore industry. As the demand for ore has increased and the supply of direct-shipping ore has dwindled, tl1e problems associated with the utilization of lower grade ores ha\•e been intensely investigated and important advances in both beneficiation and agglomeration techniques have taken place. In particular, there has been a great deal of activity in connection with the pelletizing method of agglomeration. The superiority of pellets over raw ore has been demonstrated in blast furnace tests

Jan 1, 1962

By R. T. Jones

The largest known platinum group metal (PGM) deposit in the world is the Bushveld Complex in South Africa, with the Great Dyke in Zimbabwe also being one of the biggest. It is therefore not surprising that the majority (just over 5 million troy ounces or 156 metric tons per annum) of the world's platinum is produced in Southern Africa. Primary smelting of ore concentrates is carried out in that region by five companies, namely Anglo Platinum, Impala Platinum, Lonmin Platinum, Northam Platinum, all of South Africa, and Makwiro Platinum in Zimbabwe. The only other primary smelter of platinum group metals is Stillwater Mining of Montana, USA, although very significant quantities of PGMs are produced as co-products by Norilsk Nickel of Russia. Smaller (but still significant) quantities of PGMs are produced by Falconbridge and Inco of Canada, also as co-products from nickel sulphide smelting. There are many similarities between PGM smelting and nickel sulphide smelting, and the range of technologies in use includes six-in-line rectangular electric furnaces, three-electrode circular AC furnaces, Peirce-Smith converters, and Anglo's ACP (based on Ausmelt technology). PGMs are also recovered from residue materials using DC arc furnace technology.

Jan 1, 2005

"Many advances in glass technology and processing are being made and the possibilities for glass as a material in the future appear unlimited. Float glass, glass-ceramics, high-strength sheet and container glass, glass-reinforced plastics, glass for electronic equipment, aerospace glass, glass fibres, glass vehicles, glasses with selective-reflective coatings and glare-reducing glasses, to name a few, provide areas of significance at present and for the future. There appear to be great opportunities, in certain localities of Canada, to develop new sources of raw materials for an expanding Canadian glass industry.New developments in the structural clay products industry have centered around facing brick as a structural load-bearing material, prefabricated brick panels, large-sized units, isostatic pressing of sewer pipe and auto-matic settmg of brick. Fast-firing techniques, using prefired or calcined raw materials, and the development of high-strength products will result in the use of a wider range of raw materials in the whiteware and structural clay products industries.Porcelain enamel, a material used for many years in domestic appliances and for sanitary ware, now is used extensively in architecture, agriculture, water tanks, highway signs and reflectors, and in products where resistance to corrosion-plus-temperature is important. Exotic composites of ceramics and metals, and specialized ceramic coatings applied on metals by various techniques such as flame spray, plasma jet, or vapour and chemical deposition have proved useful in materials for aircraft power plants, rockets, missiles and nuclear applications."

Jan 1, 1967

By C. V. Corless

1. Introductory Some members may recall that at the Annual Meeting two years ago I read a paper, 'The Future of the Mining Industry in Canada." Discussing this large subject it was possible only to outline the facts and inferences leading to ?the conclusion that Canada is a country endowed with enormous mineral wealth, of which the fringes are yet scarcely touched. In the present paper, I wish to examine in somewhat fuller detail the evidence, both direct and inferential, concerning the mineral wealth of the greatest physical and geological feature of Canada-the Precambrian Shield. Many, if not most, of these facts are already familiar to you. But, since they will form the basis of the reasoning employed, they will be recalled for explicit reference. First, let us review very briefly the position and extent of the Shield. The area of the entire Shield is given in textbooks as 2,000,000 square miles, of which perhaps 10 or 12 per cent. is exposed in the south-easterly part of Canada's Arctic islands. The remainder occupies roughly two-thirds of the North-west Territory; the north-east corner of Alberta; one-third of Saskatchewan ;two-thirds of Manitoba; three-fourths of Ontario; and nearly ninety-five per cent. of Quebec.

Jan 1, 1924

By David S. Robertson

"IntroductionCanada has been one of the world's leading producers of uranium since atomic energy first became of practical importance in 1942. Indeed, prior to this time, between 1933 and 1940, Canada produced significant amounts of pitchblende, as a source of radium, from the Eldorado Mine at Great Bear Lake*.Uranium was first reported in Canada, however, in the middle of the 19th Century in the vicinity of Theano Point on Lake Superior north of Sault Ste. Marie. In the early 1900s, uranium-bearing minerals were reported in Quebec north of the St. Lawrence River and in pegmatites in Quebec and eastern Ontario. In 1930, G.A. LaBine and E.C. St. Paul visited an occurrence of cobalt reported by the Geological Survey of Canada in 1900, and brought the Eldorado Mine into production in 1933, as noted above, producing, in the main, silver and pitchblende.In 1942, developments in atomic energy were such that the Government of Canada, at the behest of Great Britain and the United States, requested that Eldorado, which had been closed in 1940, be re-opened to produce uranium for the Manhattan Project. In September, 1943, all discoveries of radioactive minerals were reserved to the Crown and their staking by private interests was banned. In January, 1944, the government nationalized Eldorado and formed a Crown corporation, the present Eldorado Nuclear Limited, to take over the assets. That year marked the formal beginning of uranium exploration in Canada.The Period 1944 to 1948In 1944, the Crown Corporation and the Geological Survey of Canada began exploring for uranium deposits, largely in the areas of Great Bear Lake and Lake Athabasca. In that year, A. W. Joliffe of the Survey visited properties on the north shore of Lake Athabasca near Beaverlodge Lake and recommended that Eldorado acquire claims in the area. In 1946, P. St. Louis and E. Laurum, prospectors working for Eldorado, found the pitchblende veinlets that led to the Ace Mine. Shaft sinking began in 1951, and production, through a carbonate leach plant, began in 1953.Continuing drilling on the Eldorado claims led to the Verna ore bodies, some 6,000 feet northeast of Ace, on which shaft sinking started in 1954."

Jan 1, 1986