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By Adolfo H. Marchese Villanueva

El presente texto describe las medidas preventivas utilizadas en la industria minera, como las funciones comprendidas dentro de este sistema. Entre estas, tenemos las sesiones de seguridad, entrenamiento, propaganda, campañas, como los informes de accidentes y estadísticas de seguridad y las sugerencias de seguridad. A esto se suma los exámenes físico-médico regulares y los pre-ocupacionales realizados al trabajador antes de su ingreso a la mina, la ventilación adecuada de la zona minera y las sugerencias del trabajador hacia el Comité de Seguridad.

Jul 20, 1961

By Georg Petersen

El presente texto describe la historia del primer centenario de la industria petrolera peruana (1863 -1963). La revisión va desde la historia temprana del petróleo en la primera mitad del siglo XIX, desarrollo de la industria moderna del petróleo en el Perú hasta el estado actual de este.

Jan 1, 1964

By Manuel Basurto

El presente trabajo describe las estretegias creativas para optimizar internamente las operaciones o proyectos mineros a tajo abierto en épocas de fuertes fluctuaciones de las cotizaciones de los metales a través de la ampliación de la capacidad de producción de la planta concentradora y la orientación del tratamiento del mineral a mayor ley, así como reducir los costos de operación.

Sep 9, 2007

By KEITH BARRONI

In the proposed criterion for coal a distinction is made between brittle and "psuedo-ductile" failure. This criterion is the basis for the development of new equations for coal pillar strength, including a transition from brittle fracture to pseudo-ductile yielding. In addition the equations obtained allow the critical minimum pillar dimensions to be calculated to avoid "catastrophic" and "ultimate failure".The validity of these formulae can be tested by comparing their results with pillar case histories derived from the literature.

Jan 1, 1988

By Aparup Chattopadhyay, Barun K. Gorain

"Porphyry copper deposits are the most important source of copper and also gold within the orogenic belts. These deposits are characterized by low grade copper ore (0.2% to 1% copper) and host precious metals like gold, silver and platinum. A characterization tool has been developed for complex porphyry type copper-gold deposits with an aim to quantify copper and precious metal deportment. This quantification is a challenging task due to low grades and also due to the presence of both visible and invisible precious metal content in different sulphide and non-sulphide phases. Studies were initiated on various complex ore deposits and also on samples representing various processing streams such as flotation and leach products. This paper presents the development of a systematic approach to diagnostic metallurgy using state-of-the-art optical and automated mineralogy, micro-probe, dynamic SIMS and TOF-SIMS analysis for quantification of invisible and visible precious metals content in various species. The relevance of this characterization to metallurgy will also be briefly discussed in this paper.INTRODUCTIONA novel characterization tool has been developed for double refractory gold ores and complex copper-gold ores using state-of-the-art technology for quantitative gold and copper deportment study. The characterization of these ores is a challenging task due to low copper and gold grades in ores, presence of both primary and secondary copper sulphide phases and variable proportion of visible and invisible gold in different sulphides phases (pyrite, chalcopyrite, chalcocite and bornite) and iron oxide phases (magnetite, hematite and goethite). A study was initiated on various ore deposits and also on samples representing various processing streams of pilot plant batches such as flotation concentrates and tailings. This paper attempts to discuss the deportment characterization methodology through presenting results from investigations on four samples from a flotation circuit viz, Feed, Final concentrate, Cleaner Scavenger Tail and Rougher Tail samples. These four samples represent the key streams for a typical copper-gold flotation flow sheet. The key objective of this investigation was to identify and quantify visible and invisible gold along with understanding the morphology and liberation of gold associated with various sulphides, Fe- Oxides and non-sulphide gangue species. In addition, the aim of this study was also to relate this mineralogical and gold deportment information to metallurgical performance."

Jan 1, 2013

By A. Jarosz

The surface manifestation of underground mining usually entails five distinct types of surface movements, which can affect or damage surface structures, facilities and renewable resources. These movements developing at the surface can be described by (Bell, 1975; Bhattacharya and Singh, 1984): - vertical displacement, i.e. subsidence, - horizontal displacements, - slope or tilt, i.e. the derivative of the vertical displacement with respect to the horizontal distance, - curvature, i.e. the second derivative of the vertical displacement with respect to the horizontal distance, and, - horizontal strain, i.e. the derivative of the horizontal displacement with respect to the horizontal distance.

Jan 1, 1986

By A J. Nick, I I. Townsend, J M. Schuler, J D. Smith, R P. Mueller, L Sibille, K Leucht, J J. Fox

The first steps for in situ resource utilisation (ISRU) on target bodies such as the Moon, Mars and near-Earth asteroids (NEA), and even comets, involve the same sequence of steps as in the terrestrial mining of resources. First exploration including prospecting must occur, and then the resource must be acquired through excavation methods if it is of value. Subsequently a load-haul-dump sequence of events occurs, followed by processing of the resource in an ISRU plant, to produce useful commodities.While these technologies and related supporting operations are mature in terrestrial applications, they will be different in space since the environment and indigenous materials are different than on Earth. In addition, the equipment must be highly automated, since for the majority of the production cycle time, there will be no humans present to assist or intervene. This space mining equipment must withstand a harsh environment which includes vacuum, radical temperature swing cycles, highly abrasive lofted dust, electrostatic effects, van der Waals forces effects, galactic cosmic radiation, solar particle events, high thermal gradients when spanning sunlight terminators, steep slopes into craters / lava tubes and cryogenic temperatures as low as 40 K in permanently shadowed regions. In addition the equipment must be tele-operated from Earth or a local base where the crew is sheltered. If the tele-operation occurs from Earth then significant communications latency effects mandate the use of autonomous control systems in the mining equipment. While this is an extremely challenging engineering design scenario, it is also an opportunity, since the technologies developed in this endeavour could be used in the next generations of terrestrial mining equipment, in order to mine deeper, safer, more economical and with a higher degree of flexibility. New space technologies could precipitate new mining solutions here on Earth.The NASA Kennedy Space Center (KSC) Swamp Works is an innovation environment and methodology, with associated laboratories that use lean development methods and creativity-enhancing processes to invent and develop new solutions for space exploration. This paper will discuss the Swamp Works approach to developing space mining and resource extraction systems and the vision of space development it serves. The ultimate goal of the Swamp Works is to expand human civilisation into the solar system via the use of local resources utilisation. By mining and using the local resources in situ, it is conceivable that one day the logistics supply train from Earth can be eliminated and Earth independence of a space-based community will be enabled.CITATION:Mueller, R P, Sibille, L, Leucht, K, Smith, J D, Townsend, I I, Nick, A J, Schuler, J M and Fox, J J, 2015. Swamp works – a new approach to develop space mining and resource extraction technologies at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center: prospecting, excavation, load, haul and dump for in situ resource utilisation, in Proceedings Third International Future Mining Conference, pp 297–304 (The Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy: Melbourne).

Nov 4, 2015

By Luis Soto, Brian Pajares

El producto denominado “TEMSE”, que proviene de las siglas de “Telemetría y Salud de equipos”, es un conjunto de hardware y software desarrollado por la empresa “Soluciones SITECH Perú S. A.”, creado para solucionar una problemática presente en la gran mayoría de operaciones mineras subterráneas en Perú. Debido a que un gran porcentaje de estas, actualmente no cuentan con una infraestructura que facilite el acceso a Internet a lo largo de sus operaciones, generando la ausencia de conocimiento de la información de productividad y mantenimiento de sus operaciones subterráneas.

Sep 29, 2023

By Hugo Villanueva

En la actualidad, el supervisor de mina busca optimizar las operaciones de minado para mejorar la productividad del yacimiento minero. Sin embargo, la información recibida sobre minería sin rieles es escaza, así como la experiencia en este sistema. Por ello, el supervisor se limita a esta forma incipiente del sistema. En este sentido, el objeto del texto es otorgar a los supervisores una herramienta que les permita programar o corregir alguna anomalía del sistema de operación a través de una breve descripción del sistema de explotación, standars de operación, definición del standard, cálculo de las asignaciones, standard de las fases principales y el standard de excavación.

Nov 20, 1978

By Rudolf Wesp

El presente trabajo brinda un marco de referencia y describe el desarrollo e implementación de un sistema híbrido de control avanzado donde se combinó un control experto difuso de tipo “Supervisor” con un control predictivo multivariable (MPC) de tipo “Regulatorio” aplicados a tres líneas de una etapa de flotación Rougher en una importante minera de cobre ubicada en la comuna de Pica, región de Tarapacá, Chile; además se presentan los resultados obtenidos por dicho sistema. El sistema desarrollado considera el grado de Cu en el concentrado y en las colas, el nivel del tanque de traspaso existente a la salida del circuito y la velocidad de rebose de la espuma en cada celda, como variables controladas.

Sep 1, 2017

By Kirk A. Mcintosh

Augered, cast-in-place (ACIP) piles have been utilized in the United States for a wide range of projects since the 1950's. Due to the cast-in-place nature of the installation method (and lack of a driving criteria); however, ACIP piles have not been readily accepted by some practicing geotechnical and structural engineers. Since ACIP piles were initially developed, the installation equipment and techniques have been improved and refined and the number of experienced contractors has significantly increased. Over the past 10 to 15 years, the pile type has experienced significant growth in the United States (particularly in Florida) because engineers have become more knowledgeable and comfortable with its use. The Miami area, in particular, has experienced considerable growth in the utilization of ACIP piles primarily due to their usage on the $1 billion Miami Metrorail System project in the early 1980s. The economic advantages over other deep foundation types, coupled with some unique installation advantages, have shown that ACIP piles can be a viable foundation alternative on many projects. Even though ACIP piles have gained respect in the private sector, the pile type has generally not been readily accepted by government transportation agencies. The reluctance to readily accept this foundation type stems primarily from the quality assurance aspect of cast-in-place pile construction. Additionally, there has not been much research activity on this foundation type, technical papers, formal associations (other than the DFI), or a concerted effort to standardize the industry. This paper serves to discuss the state of practice for ACIP pile installation in the state of Florida.

Jan 1, 1997

Geometallurgical Study of Copper Oxide Mineralisation Hosted in Gravels of Different Physical Quality

Sep 13, 2010

By R. Patel, D. R. Taylor, P. M. Varley

In-situ measurements of ground stress were made from surface boreholes, using overcoring and hydrofracturing techniques, to obtain data for the detailed design of the underground works at Pergau. Unexpectedly low stresses were measured and appeared to correlate with apparent hydrofracturing observed during permeability testing. The low values of the minor principal stress had a major impact on design, particularly of the lining for the pressure tunnel and shaft. Additional hydrofracture tests were made underground during construction of the low- and high-pressure headrace tunnels and the pressure shaft, to define the vertical reduction in the minor principal stress with overburden. These data were then used to locate and design the steel and reinforced concrete linings

Jun 19, 1905

Implementation of Fine-Screening in Preparation of KGHM PM SA Sandstone-Carbonate Copper Ore for Flotation

Sep 13, 2010

By S. E. Phillipson, P. L. Tyrna

Lineament analysis, a remote sensing application for geological structures, has been criticized for reliance on subjective interpretations. The Mine Safety & Health Administration’s Roof Control Division performs lineament analyses with a technique that removes much subjectivity. Study areas are viewed on satellite images with software that allows examination under artificial sun azimuths and elevations. Extraneous lineaments are removed through successive steps of superposition, resulting in selection of the most robust linear features. Field investigations revealed a strong coincidence of joint and fault zones that were parallel with projected lineaments. The Roof Control Division’s successful identification of lineaments associated with roof falls and highwall failures has prompted some mine managers to incorporate lineament analysis as a mine-planning tool. The identification of potentially hazardous ground conditions will allow mine operators to obviate safety concerns that might otherwise adversely affect miner health and safety.

Jan 1, 2002

By X. Louw

"This paper examines the change in surface properties of the Polyurea used on spirals at different operational times: unused spiral, 28 months in operation and 58 months in operation. This is being done to investigate the alleged statement that spirals have a decrease in spiral separation efficiency after a certain period of operational time. Observing the surface characteristics under 1.5x and 36x magnification it can be concluded that the surface roughness decreases with increased operational time. This may be explained by a decrease in air inclusions and streak lines as the spiral surface wears. Decreased surface roughness should in theory have a beneficial effect on spiral separation performance. This leads to the conclusion that if a decrease in spiral separation performance is observed after a certain period of operation, it can’t be attributed to the change in surface properties. Uneven wear of the spiral surface, material creep or application of force to the spiral will change the profile of the spiral and could cause an adverse effect on spiral separation performance. The metallurgical test work showed that the best results are obtained at 30 - 35% solids by mass in the spiral feed. The iron recovery was significantly higher in the new spiral in comparison to the 2012 and 2010 spirals. The mass yield to concentrate in the new spiral was approximately three times more than for the older spirals. In conclusion, the yield combined with the grade, which equals the recovery was the best for the new spiral.IntroductionAn investigation was launched to research the common belief that spirals experience a decrease in efficiency, and therefore recovery, after a certain period of operation (a period of seven years has been used in the industry). The properties of the spiral that may have an effect on the efficiency are:"

Jan 1, 2017

By Nilo Mayta

En la mayoría de las minas subterráneas en el Perú, casi en su totalidad por no decir, las voladuras de sus labores son iniciados mediante métodos convencionales, fulminante – Mecha de Seguridad – Conector o conocidas como mechas armadas, lo cual genera un alto nivel de riesgo a la seguridad por exposición al personal durante el chispeo manual, pudiendo ser impactados por voladuras adyacentes, explosión no planificada, ondas de choque, vibraciones, caída de rocas, gaseamiento, etc. En el año 2020, Volcan inicia con este proyecto de voladura centralizada, para luego en el año 2021 se inician las pruebas piloto de Voladura Electrónica Centralizada, iniciadas desde superficie. Logrando iniciar con éxito todas las voladuras de interior mina desde la oficina de Perforación y Voladura, demostrando la entrega de beneficios principalmente en materia de seguridad y productividad, las cuales se traducen en beneficios económicos.

Sep 30, 2022

By F. Z. Utyashev

The present work considers the essence of fragmentation: on the level of a simple model as a material response to the curvature accumulated by it at large deformations. It is on this basis that the correlation between curvature and fragment sizes is determined. It is shown that at deformation the area of curvature center inevitably changes. It is revealed that a specific value of variation of center surface area, i.e. ^As parameter, is numerically equal to the value of curvature acquired by a material. Minimum sizes of fragments and grains depending on ^As have been estimated, and the dependence of this parameter on strain has been established. Besides, the present paper considers the effects exerted by curvature center geometry, material distortion, directions of deformation and thermal warming up in the localization zones on structure refinement when various techniques are applied.

Jan 1, 2006

Some major mineral deposits in northern Australia are found in preconsolidation slump disturbances in the sediments.In the retransported marine sediments at Tennant Creek, breccia beds and disturbances are found which have localized later mineral deposits such as the Peko copper orebody. These disturbances are thought to result from slumping, turbidity flow and various types of "semi-fluidized" subaqueous slides intermediate between slumps and turbidity currents.Movements are found to ~ause widespread disturbances in the sediments such that subsequent mineralization can spread through a large volume of rock giving rise to orebodies greater than those localized by tectonic structures.A similarity is noted between the sedimentary disturbances at Tennant. Creek and those at Mount Isa and Mary Kathleerr. It is suggested that disturbed beds which are host rocks to ore minerals in these mines may also be due to movements of the sediments before compaction.Certain characteristics of the slumped rocks can be recognized and limited generalizations can be made about the shape, extent and habit of these host rocks and the orebodies they contain.INTRODUCTIONSubmarine slumping and· turbidity current retransport are almost entirely responsible for some types of deep marine sediments.However, little attention has yet been drawn to slump deposits and associated disturbances bedded in the sediments as features localizing later mineralization.A study. has been made by the writer of the slump and associated phenomena of the ,Tennant Creek field where many mineralized bodies, including some gold and copper orebodies, occur as replacements of coarse fragmental slump...

Jan 1, 1960

By H. Yavuz

Closed form solutions assume opening shape to be circular to simplify the calculation of the ground response curve for the design of underground openings. However, in mining and civil engineering works, non-circular openings are commonly excavated. Therefore, there is a need to estimate the ground response curve for such openings. In this respect, a simple model for circular, arch and rectangular shape underground openings subject to a hydrostatic stress field is the aim of this study. A comprehensive numerical modelling, using the finite difference method, based on numerical modelling code FLAC version 4.0, was carried out. In addition to shape of an opening, the effect of rock mass strength, opening size, in situ stress on strain (tunnel deformation to tunnel radius) of the opening in response to applied support pressures was investigated parametrically by developing models for each specific condition. The strain results for each excavation shape obtained from this large number of models against the normalized strength of rock mass and internal support pressure with in situ stress magnitude were evaluated by multiple regression analysis. As a result, a model that was well correlated to data was developed for an overall estimate of the ground response curve depending on relevant effecting parameters. The regression coefficients of the model were given for estimating both roof and sidewall response curve of each excavation shape. The model was verified by statistical tests and by an analytical solution. Diagrams were also established to highlight the influence of relevant parameters and to estimate the support pressure for a stable opening staying within the acceptable limits of strain. Strains occurring in a rectangular opening are found to be larger than those in the arch and circular openings for the other fixed parameters. In the mean time, larger strains occur around an arch shape opening than a circular opening.

Jan 1, 2006