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By R. M. Graves, C. B. McKenzie, D. Barbour, D. W. Desnoyers

"Abstract -The prospective Tulks volcanic belt hosts five significant massive sulfide deposits, Tulks Prospect, Tulks East, Jack's Pond, Daniel's Pond and Victoria Mine, as well as numerous showings and indications throughout its 70 km outcrop length. Regionally, the 498 Ma sequence consists dominantly of felsic pyroclastic rocks and flows with interbedded mafic volcanic units and fine­ grained sediments, commonly graphitic. Contemporaneous granitoid rocks occur in the south half of the belt. Rocks usually display a strong NE-SW, steeply dipping, penetrative foliation and other shear-related high-strain fabrics. Facing directions are normally northwest, although there is local evidence of folding. Sulfide bodies and their alteration systems are deformed and shape-modified in the style of ambient strain.The Tulks, Tulks East and Jack's Pond prospects appear to occupy a similar stratigraphic level, on or near the contact between a thick felsic pile and an overlying broad, conductive package of graphitic sedimentary rocks. AU are pyritic deposits with well-developed footwall alteration systems. The Tulks prospect comprises four polymetallic lenses totalling 750 000 t. Three lenses constituting more than 6 000 000 t of sulfide mineralization are indicated at Tulks East but only the 210 000 t ""B"" lens contains significant base metals. Jack's Pond consists of a very extensive, zoned alteration complex in which four lenses of massive to semi-rnassive pyrite + chalcopyrite are known.The central part of the system, characterized by Mg chlorite and carbonate, is enveloped by pervasive sericitization and capped by intensely silicified and pyritized volcanics. The sulfide lenses are interpreted as part of the footwall zone and are beneath that part of the system most likely to host polymetallic massive sulfides.Daniel's Pond differs from the other prospects in such fundamental ways as metal content, associated alteration and structural setting. The deposit comprises strongly tectonized, Ag-rich, Zn-Pb mineralization distinguished by a pronounced Ba-As-Sb signature. Mineralization is confined to a narrow, north-south high-strain zone which separates unstrained mafic volcanic rocks to the east from well-foliated felsic rocks. The deposit Jacks an extensive alteration halo and at its north end is associated with a lens of barren, undeformed massive pyrite.The Victoria Mine deposit, the most cupriferous of the five, is related to a moderately dipping structure that separates well-foliated Tulks volcanic rocks from an overlying, Jess deformed volcanic­ sedimentary sequence that may be as young as 462 Ma. The structure is also the locus of black chlorite, dolomite and quartz alteration. Structurally remobilized precursor sulfide mineralization is one possible source for the deposit."

Jan 1, 1993

By Matthew A. Perras

With growing populations, infrastructure projects are utilizing underground space to expand transportation networks, water supply and sewer disposal systems and hydropower facilities. These new projects require large diameter tunnels to meet the growing demands. As the tunnel diameter increases, not all rock mass properties are scalable and precedent experience becomes less reliable. One such non-scaleable property is lamination thickness. Numerical modelling was conducted to determine the influence of lamination thicknesses on a 16 m diameter tunnel. Five different areas of excavation response were found to exist for laminations ranging between 0.16 to 16 metres in thickness. For this tunnel diameter, critical lamination thicknesses of 6 metre and 1 metre were found to exist. Above 6 metres the excavation response was similar to isotropic models. Below 6 metres the stresses and yield are channeled by the lamination boundaries, increasing plastic deformation. Below 1m multiple lamination units become unstable and the displacements increase significantly and the shape and extent of the yield zone size changes dramatically. The yield zone is controlled by bed deflections and bed parallel shear. As the lamination thickness decreases tensile failure first begins in the haunch area and progressively extends above the crown until a self-limiting plastic yield zone shape is reach at lamination thicknesses below 0.4 metres. Conclusions drawn from observations at the Niagara Tunnel Project are those of the authors.

May 1, 2009

Westwood Quebec Long Life, Low Cost CONSTRUCTION UPDATE ? Shaft advanced to 840m (after 1 year), 3 km of down ramp and 2 km of exploration drift ? Head frame and hoist room structure completed ? 2009, 84,700m drilling program completed (increase 9%) 2010 OUTLOOK ? $102 million expenditures planned ? Shaft to advance to 1,300m and the first loading excavate 71,500m drilling program planned

May 1, 2010

By David G. Almond

"Economies of scale and the variable characteristics of many large ore deposits have resulted in grinding installations having large SAG mills fitted with variable speed drives. Problems associated with effective operation of this equipment has created the need for better operator knowledge of mill load behavior and the need for new instrumentation capable of providing accurate information about load movement and composition. This paper discusses two performance enhancing instruments available to address these needs.INTRODUCTIONThe economic demands of new mining projects has resulted in increased equipment sizes and this is particularly evident in milling where there are now many SAG mills operating in the range of 28’ – 40’ diameter with installed powers of 8 – 22 MW. These mills are designed to process very high capacities of ore daily2 and the variable characteristics of many of the deposits mined results in the need to vary the mill speed during processing to cater for the changes in ore hardness. Mill speed changes often result in operational problems associated with high-energy impacts striking the mill liners reducing energy efficiency as well as degrading the grinding media through breakage, accelerating liner wear and in extreme cases even breaking liners. These operational problems have given rise to the need to have instruments aimed at providing operators with accurate information in real time about the load composition and movement within SAG mills.The original concepts for operating SAG mills were derived from past experience of operation of conventional fixed speed ball mills. However, the relatively stable conditions that applies with fixed speed and constant ball charge in ball mills supports theoretical approaches to the grinding process based on energy calculations such as Bond’s Work Index concept. Later a set of parameters Si and Bij were used for describing load kinetics, but all of these methods neglect the details of load movement and how the energy is actually used inside of the mill. It is now commonly accepted as a basic rule that SAG mills grind by impact whilst ball mills grind by attrition and consequently SAG mills are designed and operated to generate a large amount of impacts by the cataracting load without paying sufficient attention to where these impacts are actually occurring. Many mills are operated on the basis that as long as the mill is consuming the expected power there is little attention given to the class of bodies using this energy and this often results in the inefficient use of energy."

Jan 1, 2005

By K. C. Viveros, R. R. Ambriz, C. García, F. De Villèle, A. Talha, D. Jaramillo

Cold hole expansion on base metal, weld metal and heat affected zone of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy welds was simulated by means of finite element method. Three dimensional compact test models with a previous fatigue crack length with a relation of ??= a/W = 0.3, were used to analyze the hole expansion process. Considering the local mechanical properties for each zone of the welded joint, the optimal expansion degree (1.64 to 2.46 %) was determined. The residual stress field, through thickness, after the expansion process in all welding zones, were correlated with the crack opening displacement obtained by finite element analysis. It was observed, that compressive residual stress fields for a post-expansion, in different crack lengths, provided a crack closure mechanism for base metal, weld metal and heat affected zone. Contrary, the crack remained open when residual stresses are positive. The results are given as tangential stresses versus distance from the edge of the cold expansion and crack opening displacement as a function of applied load.

Jan 1, 2014

By Y. Shu, A. R. Laplante

"A laboratory Knelson Concentrator (LKC), 7.5 cm in diameter, was used to study the performance of a similar unit at plant scale, 76 cm in diameter, This paper reports on sampling and assaying procedures and problems, and discusses the performance of the plant unit.The sampling procedure was based on the extraction of large samples, 5-15 kg, and their complete processing with a LKC, to characterize size-by-size performance. The procedure yielded reliable estimates of overall gold assays, after blatant assaying errors were corrected. The plant centrifugal unit concentrate was sampled in situ, which yielded very erratic grades, with a large overall negative bias. Due to the very heterogeneous nature of the concentrate, which can be linked to flow patterns in the riffles of the unit, it is recommended that for future testwork, the concentrate be recovered separately, blended and then sampled.The plant centrifugal separator, when operated at a feed rate of 25 t/h, yielded total and free gold recoveries of 41 % and 62%, respectively. This is much lower than previously reported data, and suggest that at 25 t/h, the unit is overloaded. However, recovery did not decrease with time over a loading cycle of 2 hours, which suggests that present loading cycles, generally 1 hour, can be significantly increased. INTRODUCTIONThe study of gold gravity circuits is plagued with the statistical problem of determining the behaviour of particles occurring with a very low frequency. This problem becomes particularly acute with increasing particle size. For example, considering the average weight of a gold flake in the 840-1200 µm (20/28 mesh) to be about 5 mg (Banisi et al, 1991), a reasonably high grade feed of 10 git would require, for a relative error (standard deviation) of 10% on grade, 100 particles, that is 0.5 g of gold, or 50 kg of 840-1200 µm material (a Poisson distribution is assumed). Gy's formula, for the same data, yields a weight of 33 kg, with a shape factor of 0.1 and a size distribution factor of 0.5. Both results are comparable; to obtain the suggested weight of material, a stream containing 5% weight in the 840-1200 µm would require 1 tonne samples (of unsized material). The problem rapidly disappears with decreasing particle size. Still with Banisi et al's data, a gold flake in the 300-420 µm range averages 0.5 mg in weight; the same 10% error on grade corresponds to a weight of 5 kg. Gy's formula for the same size distribution and particle shape factors as above predicts a required mass of 1.4 kg. This would correspond to an unsized sample weight of 10 kg with 14% weight in the 300-420 µm, for example."

Jan 1, 1992

By L. E. Djingheuzian

Introduction For many years the immense deposits of bituminous sands of northern Alberta have been attracting the attention of our governments, engineers and .scientists ( 6). Undoubtedly these bituminous sands represent one of the greatest potential resources of liquid fuels in the world. However, their commercial development has been retarded by the complexities of the technological problem and by the economic factors involved in the processing of the sands. The technological problem has been attacked from several angles ( 2, 3, 1, 11), and cold water separation of bitumen is one of them. To the ore dressing engineer, the cold water process is of utmost importance since, by the use of standard ore dressing machinery, it accomplishes most efficiently and economically the separation of bitumen from bituminous sands. The significance of using ore dressing equipment was especially enhanced by the fact that the scientific principles which underlie the design of standard machines were demonstrated in the cold water separation process with an extraordinary clarity. This greatly facilitated the analysing of limitations and advantages of different machines during-the pilot plant investigations and helped to complete the investigations practically in the allotted time.

Jan 1, 1952

By D. Bois, P. Keating, J. Lemieux, M. A. Vallée, M. Allard, R. S. Smith, L. Z. Cheng, M. Chouteau, D. K. Fountain

"As part of a larger research program, a number of MEGATEM airborne electromagnetic (EM) test flights were flown over the Gallen massive sulfide deposit in northwest Québec. A particularity of this test site is that a major part of the ore body was extracted before the MEGATEM survey. Therefore one of the purposes of this study was to verify the ability of the system to detect the remaining massive sulfides below the water in the open pit. The open pit is also surrounded by a metallic fence, and a power line is present in the vicinity. A large part of the case study involved accounting for the impact of infrastructure and acidic water on the survey, which will help in the interpretation of airborne EM responses in complex exploration situations.The Gallen deposit was also previously flown with the INPUT and GEOTEM airborne EM systems before the major exploitation period. A comparison between the results from the different survey results allows estimation of the physical properties of the Gallen deposit, which is a relatively poor conductor.A new method for removing the power line signal shows amplitudes with a smaller residual associated with the emanating fields, and more compact, cleaner responses associated with induced currents. This will make it easier to identify bedrock conductors close to power lines"

Jan 1, 2007

By Gustav Nillson

There is a difference in design parameters between steel linings and rubber linings for grinding mills. The basic design parameters for rubber are described and a comparison is made between steel and rubber in different applications.

Jan 1, 1979

By A. T. Robles, L. Buckingham

"When certain gold ores containing pyrite, graphite, humates and fumates or other organic compounds which are possibly adsorbed on clay minerals are treated with aqueous solution of alkali metal cyanide, the aurocyanide complex which forms is adsorbed by these ""pregrobbing"" species in the ore. Dissolution of gold proceeds until chemical equilibrium is attained between the cyanide complex adsorbed by the ore and in solution.Sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) may be used to decrease the adsorptive activity of the prerobbing species in the ore. It has successfully improved recovery at Holt-McDermott Mine and is highly biodegradable.INTRODUCTION Precious metal-bearing ores containing preg-robbing species are poorly amenable to standard cyanidation techniques. The ""preg-robbing"" impurities with which they are associated tend to adsorb the gold cyanide complexes and carry them through the circuit to the tailings. Also, gold may be associated with these impurities in the ore and not be leached by the cyanide complexing agents used in conventional cyanidation techniques.Methods for dealing with the problem of preg-robbinq impurities in gold ores are:Carbon-in-Leach (CIL), in which granular activated carbon is added to compete with preg-robbing species for the gold cyanide complexes. This process can improve gold recovery in mildly preg-robbing ores especially when fine carbons with very high activities are used. However, with severely graphitic ore, the carbon associated with the rock may outperform the granular activated charcoal.Chemical Oxidation, in which the ore is subjected to preliminary chemical oxidation techniques to oxidize carbonaceous materials using such diverse reagents including ozone, sodium hypochlorite, calcium hypochlorite, chlorine gas, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorates and oxygen prior to subjecting the oxidized ore to standard cyanidation treatment to extract gold. This is generally a costly method and will not prove economical on a low-grade ore."

Jan 1, 1992

By W. J. Dick

THE purpose of this paper is to point out, briefly, the importance of the coal mining industry of Alberta and to stress the economic factors that hinder its development; also to offer suggestions relating to the major problems of the industry. The minor problems will not be dealt with in detail, because, if the major problems are taken care of, it is felt that the industry itself can take care of ,he remainder. COAL MINING NO LESS IMPORTANT THAN GOLO MINING The large increase in metal mining development in all provinces of Canada, excepting Saskatchewan, Alberta, and the Maritimes, has had the effect of focussing public attention on this branch of the industry. The fact, also, that this development came at a time of depression has been of immense benefit to Canada as a whole. On account of the necessity and consequent demand for gold, with its attendant increase in price, through government action, from $20.67 per ounce to $35.00 per ounce, it is safe to say that the public of Canada have become, today, gold mining conscious. While everyone admits the great value. of the gold mrn111g industry, nevertheless, the equal value to Canada of certain other industries must not be lost sight of. The coal mining industry, in particular, is worthy of greater public and government support than has been accorded it in the past. It would seem unnecessary to stress this matter to a meeting of the Canadian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, but unless certain facts are brought to your attention, there is danger that the coal mining industry will not be developed to the extent its national importance deserves. Too many public men and men in authority are unaware of the value of coal mining.

Jan 1, 1936

By Michel Robert

"In 1974, Copperfields Mining Corporation and Soquem formed a new company, Niobec Inc, to bring the niobium deposit of the St-Honore carbonatite into production.St-Honore is located in the Saguenay area, near the cities of Chicoutimi and Arvida, and about one hundred and forty (140) miles north of Quebec. The discovery of the carbonatite complex was made in the fall of 1967 as a result of an airborne radiometric survey in search of uranium. The detailed exploration of the carbonatite indicated two niobium-bearing formations besides the original discovery of a rare earths zone. During the following years, the niobium formations were defined by diamond drilling and a decline was driven down to obtain adequate samples for metallurgical evaluation. In 1974, after seven hundred (700) bench scale tests, eleven (11) months of pilot plant 2nd a worldwide market research, a joint decision was made to initiate the development of a fifteen hundred (1500) T.P.D. mine and mill, under the management of Teck Corporation. The construction of the facilities were completed in early 1976 both on time and within budget. Niobec is now the only north american and the world second largest producer of Niobium concentrate.The process used at Niobec was developed from the pilot plant programs and later modified by the mill personnel. A simplified flowsheet for this process is shown on the slide. Briefly, run of mine ore is crushed to minus 5/8"" and fed to a rod mill, ball mill, and screens circuit where the ore is ground to 92% passing 65 mesh. The ore is deslimed in two stages of cycloning, and the final cyclone overflow at 85% minus 11 microns goes to waste. The cyclone underflow is conditioned prior to flotation of a carbonate-apatite concentrate. This concentrate is cleaned twice and then pumped to tails. The carbonate rougher and cleaner tails are cycloned in two stages to change the process; water and then sent to the pyrochlore rougher flotation. The rougher concentrate is cleaned five times. This is followed by pyrite flotation to remove sulfur, leaching with hydrochloric acid to remove phosphorus and dyed to less than 0.1% moisture before being sent to packaging."

Jan 1, 1978

By Don Peel

Mineral aggregate, the most widely used mineral resource globally, has attracted little academic or public interest. Of all mining developments, the aggregate resource is seldom factored into resource management decisions. This lack of recognition to the strategic aggregate resource has significant economic, environmental, and social implications. Impact to the economics, the environment, and the community coincide with the key elements of the United Nations concept of ?sustainable development?. To build on the concept, the mining sector contracted the International Institute for Environment and Development to assess how mining activity contributes to sustainability. As a result, a useful assessment process was developed by the Mining, Minerals and Sustainable Development (MMSD) Task Group entitled ?Seven Questions to Sustainability: How to Assess the Contribution of Mining and Mineral Activities.? In Alberta, recent opposition to mineral resource development by community residents offers an opportunity to employ the MMSD?s assessment procedure. The public opposition to the mining activity was addressed through a stakeholder planning process initiated by the municipal council of Sturgeon County, Alberta. As a result the Calahoo/Villeneuve Area Structure Plan (CASP) was formulated and adopted. To measure the effectiveness of the CASP planning process in terms of sustainability, this paper applies the MMSD?s Seven Question assessment to the Calahoo/Villeneuve Area Structure Plan.

May 1, 2004

By T. W. Wloder

During recent studies concerning the effects that various surface treatments, surface imperfections, locked-in residual stresses and metallurgical and geometrical notches have upon the mechanical behaviour of metals and, in particular, upon their tension-bending characteristics under impact loads, it became apparent that specially developed methods and samples would be of great assistance in determining the desired data. This paper describes and discusses a number of different types of double-notched tension-bending impact samples which have been considered and examined for this purpose. The types most suitable for exploratory investigations are proposed for application in the study of the _behaviour of metals, their welds, and, in particular, their surfaces, when subjected to various notch-severities, surface imperfections, strain rates, temperatures, and constrained states of stress (i.e. the relations of the three principal stresses). It is expected that the proposed double-notched tension-bending samples and the proposed test methods will also contribute toward further understanding of the cold brittle behaviour and the notch-sensitivities of metals. The possibilities of introducing the so-called impact notch-sensitivity index and relative impact notch sensitivity of metals are discussed. Data obtained on double-

Jan 1, 1961

By Marc C. Bétournay

A mine production locomotive, the world?s first applied industrial fuelcell vehicle, has been designed and tested in the context of a number of proof-of-concept projects supported by the Fuelcell Propulsion Institute, an international consortium of stakeholders dedicated to facilitate the commercialization of fuelcell vehicles. The locomotive?s simple electric-powered motor and controller system was ideal to study a number of requirements related to fuelcell power application: hydrogen power plant operation, underground hydrogen use, risk and regulatory requirements, production performance versus the conventional battery-powered locomotive version under measured duty cycles and production requirements, power plant design improvements for other fuelcell vehicles, and cost-benefit aspects. This article will focus on the design and testing aspects of this project which has led to successful performance demonstrations of the vehicle under surface and underground conditions at two mines. It will also present information on the creation of a safe, reliable and efficient power plant which fulfilled its design objectives, including longer productivity time for a given vehicle fill-up.

May 1, 2003

By Timo Niitti, Antti Rinne, Janne Turunen, Sami Grönstrand

"This paper describes novel methods to enhance the flow dynamics of a mechanical flotation cell that can be applied to an existing installation. There are several reasons to alter the flow dynamics. The most common motivation is to improve the metallurgical performance of the cell, for instance, to improve the flotation recovery in particle size ranges that are normally difficult to recover.The flow dynamics enhancements are associated with the geometry of the rotor-stator area and additional features in the tank. The rotor-stator area has been modified to provide more concentrated turbulent kinetic energy or respectively more pumping efficiency with less attrition to the slurry. The tank can be fitted with various geometrical features, aimed to create a desired particle suspension profile. Depending on the targeted particle size range and application, badly selected or designed features can also have a negative effect on the metallurgical results.Besides new flotation equipment, the enhancements can be applied to existing flotation cell installations, thus enabling improvements in the mixing profiles, solids suspension, tank sanding and metallurgical performance of operating flotation circuits. Results of several tests carried out in existing plant operations are presented, concerning both flow variables and metallurgy.The common factor to above-mentioned enhancements is the use of modern computational fluid dynamics tools in the design phase, as well as the validation of the obtained CFD results in laboratory and production scale. Validated variables include mixing profile, power draw and local air hold-up.The paper demonstrates the effects of various flow geometries on the mixing profiles and metallurgical results of existing mechanical flotation cells. It shows how modern computational fluid dynamics analysis can be used to screen and select different approaches before carrying out costly trial-and-error experiments in plant scale."

Jan 1, 2006

By Lee Nichols

Convergent Bitumen Recovery Context of discussion It should be noted that the CBR process is a conceptual bitumen recovery feed methodology, designed to provide supplemental bitumen to the oil sand operations of Northern Alberta. To date the following have beencompleted. ?Bench Scale testing. ?Peer group brainstorming. ?Energy Balance ?Confidentiality agreements have been signed with several companies Discussions are ongoing with industry and although conceptual atthis stage the process holds significant promise.

May 1, 2007

By Hugh P. Godard, K. Winslow

"AbstractA number of panels of various aluminum alloys in different combinations and secured by steel and three types of aluminum rivets were exposed underground at two locations in a Northern Ontario gold mine for two years and then examined to determine the extent of corrosion. The results indicate Alcan 65S-T to possess considerable advantages over Alcan 178-T, which has been employed in the construction of light skips and cages with considerable success for almost twenty years. Information on the behaviour of these alloys when used with steel rivets and in mixed combinations with themselves was obtained.IntroductionBy the complete substitution of aluminum alloys for steel in the fabrication of mining skips and cages, their weight can be reduced as much as 50 per cent. Lesser savings are possible though its savings are possible through its plates, doors, reinforcing members, etc. Reduced weight leads to economy through increased hoisting efficiency.For a new installation, the basis of design is the rate of production, which thus fixes the live load to be hoisted per trip. A lighter skip permits the use of a lighter rope and a smaller hoist. In deep shafts with high-speed hoists operated in balance, the power required for accelerating is considerable. The hoist size is determined by the weight of skip, load, and rope plus the force required to accelerate or decelerate these three elements A light skip may result in a considerably lighter rope. This is important because, even though the skip can be completely balanced this is not true of the rope. Partial balancing is possible, but conical hoist drums or other devices for this purpose are costly; thus a smaller rope results in a smaller hoist, with consequent general reduction in cost of the whole installation. A reduction in power consumption is also obtained as a result of keeping to a minimum the amount of unbalanced load and the weight of all moving parts which must be accelerated."

Jan 1, 1950

By S. Cossio, J. L. Noyola, R. Espinosa

"Minera Penmont’s La Herradura is a joint venture between Industrias Peñoles, S.A. de C.V. and Newmont Mining Corporation. The mine is located in the northern Mexican state of Sonora. La Herradura consists of an open pit mine with a two-stage crushing plant and heap leaching facility. Gold is recovered from the pregnant solution using the Merrill-Crowe process; production began in July 1998. La Herradura produces about 130 000 oz gold per year and its treatment capacity is approximately 22 000 t/d. Ore mineralization occurs in a shear zone with quartz and native gold. Gold distribution is quite heterogeneous due to coarse visible gold, which in some cases ranges from 100 to 600 microns.Sampling and assaying protocols were established during exploration and prior to start-up of operations, based on nomographs developed from early heterogeneity tests. However, as the coarse gold problem became noticeable, it was necessary to develop new sampling protocols to have an acceptable relative standard deviation to control the fundamental error within ± 15%.An experimental program was developed and conducted on a selected ore block consisting of 195 blastholes; regular ore grade control procedures were applied to both sets of data to evaluate the difference in results between the protocol established prior to start-up of operations (existing) and the new protocol (leaching). In the existing protocol, sub-sampling is done through riffle splitters, and coning and quartering. Fire assaying was used to estimate the gold content on a 50 g sample. In the leaching protocol, a 12 000 g sample of bottle-rolled cyanide was leached, and the leach residue was assayed on a 50 g sample using fire assaying, and a weighted average total gold content was calculated. Currently, a new alternative method is being evaluated, where sub-sampling is done using rotary splitters, and fire assay on a 50 g sample; in this rotary sampling protocol and for comparison purposes, gold assays were also repeated using the leaching protocol.Test results were compared in three groups: < 0.3 g/t (below cut-off), 0.3 to 0.8 g/t, and >0.8 g/t. Overall, results show that the protocol established prior to start-up of operations underestimates the gold assays. Detailed technical results, alternative options, and their implications are discussed in the paper."

Jan 1, 2004

By O. D. Maurice

Feldspar mining in Canada came to an end during 1972 after many years of continuous activity. The deposits are not exhausted and the domestic demand for this product is expected to continue at about the same level as in recent years. The size of the industry does not justify the installation of expensive equipment in the mills, but it is believed that a modest profit could be made by a small operation using rudimentary methods of separation. Largescale and accurate mapping of the pegmatite dykes could help in planning mining operations for a better recovery of a uniform product.

Jan 1, 1973