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  • IMMS
    Comparative Study On Mining Robots Design For Polymetallic Nodules And Seabed Massive Sulfides

    By Sup Hong

    Herein, concept designs of two different types of mining robots are concerned, which are aimed for developments of deep seabed mineral resources: polymetallic nodules (PMN) and seabed massive sulfides

    Jan 1, 2011

  • IMMS
    Back-arc Rifting and Formation of the Hydrothermal Ore Deposits at the Northern Izu-Ogasawara Arc in the Western Pacific

    By E. Moriguchi, K. Tamaki, A. Okuda, K. Iizasa, C. Honsho

    The northern Izu-Ogasawara Arc is characterized by an abundant distribution of submarine calderas along the volcanic front to the back-arc rift zones. In many of these calderas hydrothermal activities

    Sep 24, 2006

  • IMMS
    The Metallogeny of Ancient Greenstone Belts and Implications for Modern Submarine Hydrothermal Systems

    By H. L. Gibson, U. Schwarz-Schampera, Mark Hannington

    Ancient ore deposits provide important clues for the understanding of the origin and distribution of modern submarine hydrothermal systems. An analysis of the formation conditions, tectonic settings,

    Sep 24, 2006

  • IMMS
    Mineral Processing of Cobalt-Rich Ferromanganese Crust and Nodules - Establishment of Treatment Flow for Removal of Substrate Rock

    By Naoki Hiroyoshi, Kunihiro Hori, Kengo Sekimura, Mayumi Ito, Kouki Kashiwaya, Eiji Yamaguchi, Masami Tsunekawa

    Cobalt-rich ferromanganese crusts and nodules ores from seamount areas contain volcanic and sedimentary rocks as substrate or nuclei. During the mining operation, these rocks should be separated as

  • IMMS
    Geophysical Investigations Over Segments Of The Central Indian Ridge: High Resolution Bathymetry And Magnetic Survey

    By Hyun Sub Kim

    Subsea mineral deposit exploration aboard the R/V Onnuri was performed along the northern Central Indian Ridge (CIR) between 8°S and 17°S in December 2009 ~ January 2010 (09IR Leg01 and 09IR Leg02) an

    Jan 1, 2011

  • IMMS
    Precious Metals In Seafloor Hydrothermal Deposits

    By R. Moss

    Gold and silver are important byproducts of mining volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS) deposits. Both metals occur in VMS deposits ranging in age from the Archean to the currently forming massive sulfi

    Jan 1, 2011

  • IMMS
    A Developing Country?s Challenges in Permitting / Regulating Underwater Mining ? PNG Experience

    By Jerry Hanua Naime

    Papua New Guinea has permitted its first underwater mine. Nautilus Minerals (PNG) Limited is the company permitted to operate the Solwara 1 project. The project is located 30km off the nearest islan

    Jan 1, 2010

  • IMMS
    Marine Minerals And Paleoceanography

    By Robert M. Owen

    The reconstruction of ocean history has been a major focus of marine research over the past decade. A significant outcome of these investigations is the recognition that certain types of marine minera

    Jan 1, 1995

  • IMMS
    Resource Management And Environmental Impacts In Sand And Gravel Dredging

    By Ian Selby

    Resource management is a key factor in the operation of a successful marine aggregates business; it is integral to the development of sustainability, satisfying increasing commercial, quality, and env

    Jan 1, 2004

  • IMMS
    Current Status Of Korean Deep Seabed Mining In Korea

    By Jung-Keuk Kang

    Recently, the Korean government prepared a strategy for deep seabed mining, which consists of three stages for 20 years until 2010. The first step of the program is focused to conduct deep seabed expl

    Jan 1, 1992

  • IMMS
    A Remotely Operated System For Scientific Investigations Of Marine Mineral Deposits

    By Fredrik Søreide

    Several potential marine mineral deposits of various types have been identified within the Norwegian EEZ. The Norwegian University of Science and Technology has recently designed and built a new remot

    Jan 1, 2004

  • IMMS
    Iron And Manganese Oxide Deposits As Environmental Records: Examples In The NW Pacific Ocean And The Baltic Sea

    By Akira Usui

    Iron and manganese are very mobile metallic elements in the surface aqueous environment, particularly in the oceans. The elements are easily precipitated as oxides or dissolved back into water, contro

    Jan 1, 2004

  • IMMS
    Base Metals In Modern Seafloor Magmas: Influence Of Tectonic Setting On Availability And Contribution To Sulfide Deposits

    By Yannick Beaudoin

    The source of base metals in modern seafloor hydrothermal systems can be attributed to leaching of host rocks by hydrothermal fluids and/or potentially by direct degassing of magma. From an economic p

    Jan 1, 2005

  • IMMS
    Past, Present and Future of Mn-nodules Development of Korea in the NE Equatorial Pacific

    In early 1990s, the Korean government has launched a deep-sea research program to secure the stable long-term supply of strategic metallic minerals including Cr, Cu and Ni. Through the pioneering surv

    Sep 14, 2011

  • IMMS
    Chemical And Mineralogical Form Of Platinum In Cobalt-Rich Ferromanganese Crusts

    By Akira Usui

    Platinum is one of the most rare elements in the earth?s crust, but it is significantly enriched in some hydrogenetic ferromanganese crusts in the ocean. The element is essential to the electric indus

    Jan 1, 2005

  • IMMS
    Examining Extraction Options For Mining Seafloor Massive Sulphide Deposits

    By Cameron Rees

    The University of New South Wales Mining Research Centre (UMRC) has a longstanding research reputation in mining research, with particular expertise in mining systems, mining geomechanics and excavati

    Jan 1, 2002

  • IMMS
    Assessment Of The Rehabilitation Of The Sea-Bed Following Marine Aggregate Dredging

    By Siân E. Boyd

    Studies of benthic recolonization in the aftermath of marine aggregate dredging in the U.K. and elsewhere are limited and are largely confined to experimental circumstances. Investigations of the phy

    Jan 1, 2002

  • IMMS
    Application Of Ferromanganese Marine Mineral Tailings In Concrete And Ceramics

    By J. C. Wiltshire

    Both ferromanganese crusts and nodules present potential processors with enormous volumes of tailings of dubious environmental character: most processing scenarios fail to utilize the uneconomic manga

    Jan 1, 1991

  • IMMS
    Impact Estimation Of Methane Hydrate Utilization On Atmospheric Carbon Emissions By Using Mass Balance Eco-Model

    By Tetsuo Yamazaki

    Natural methane hydrate has been scientifically studied as a global carbon reservoir. However, in Japan, it?s potential as an energy resource has been industrially highlighted, because there are few

    Jan 1, 2004

  • IMMS
    Lithogeochemistry Of "Exhalites" Associated With Massive Sulfides And Their Origin As Fallout From Hydrothermal Plumes

    Ancient volcanogenic Cu-Zn-Pb-Ag-Au massive sulfide ores commonly have associated with them along strike and in the immediate hanging wall a distinctive sediment that is thin, usually cherty and metal

    Jan 1, 1993