Search Documents

By D. R. Boyle

"The basal type uranium deposits in south central British Columbia occur within unconsolidated, late Miocene fluvial paleochannel sediments that overlie major fault zones within the Okanagan Highlands Intrusive Complex. Prior to the formation of mineralization, paleovalleys containing host sediments were flooded by Pliocene valley basalts of the Plateau Basalt Formation. Five uranium deposits have been outlined to date, of which the Blizzard (4020 tonnes U) and TYee (650 tonnes U) are the largest. The basement intrusive complex underlying the deposits varies in age from early Cretaceous to Eocene and is comprised of quartz monzonite, granodiorite, Coryell monzonite, porphyritic granite and pegmatite.The mineralized host sediments comprise a complex sequence of interfingering conglomerates, arkosic sandstones and mudstones. Organic material is abundant in many, but not all, mineralized beds. Uranium mineralization is present in the form of uranous (ningyoite) or uranyl (saleeite, autunite) phosphates coating clastic grains and filling voids. Because of very strong reducing conditions related to large concentrations of marcasite and organic material, ningyoite is the only uranium mineral in the Tyee deposit, whereas the Blizzard deposit contains a more complex assemblage of minerals (saleeite, autunite, ningyoite). The observed paragenetic sequence of mineral precipitation in the Blizzard deposit (autunite-saleeite-ningyoite) indicates that the uranyl minerals, saleeite and autunite, are primary. Small amounts of Zn, Ni, Co and Mo have been introduced into the Blizzard deposit whereas Mo is the only non ore-forming element enriched in the Tyee deposit. Mn is the only depleted element in both deposits."

Jan 1, 1986

By J. P. Weiler

The increasing use of high-pressure die-cast magnesium alloys in the automobile industry requires a better understanding of the mechanical properties, the microstructure, and particularly, the relationship between these two. The goal of this study is to first understand the microstructural features which control the mechanical properties observed from an AM6OB magnesium alloy, and second, to be able to predict the local mechanical properties based on microstructural features encountered in different areas of the die-cast component. The two main tools used in this study are spherical indentation testing, used on local areas of the die-cast magnesium alloy AM6OB to detect changes in microstructure and mechanical properties, and X-ray tomography, used to non-destructively investigate the internal porosity in a sample. The results from these tests are then used to predict the local mechanical properties such as the yield stress, the strain-hardening characteristics, and the fracture properties of the AM6OB component.

Jan 1, 2006

By Denis Labrie

Résumé Cent soixante (160) câbles d'ancrage ont été installés au toit de la rampe à la Mine-laboratoire de CANMET à Val-d'Or, Qué bec, Canada, pour prévenir toute dégradation suite à l'élargissement de la voie de roulage dans un secteur tournant à 180 degrés, communément appelé Virage Santa Barbara. Le roc à cet endroit est de nature bloqueuse et stratifiée, et son épaisseur au toit de la rampe est limitée à environ dix (10) mètres, le tout sous une couche de terrain meuble saturée en permanence. Le soutènement mis en place a été conçu pour former une zone de compression et supporter une strate de roc d?environ quatre (4) mètres d'épaisseur. Les critères de conception et les méthodes d'installation sont présentées. Un contrôle de qualité rigoureux a été effectué au moment de la mise en place du support, notamment en ce qui concerne la mise en tension des câbles eux-mêmes et la qualité du béton utilisé lors de l'injection. Des instruments de mesure seront mis en place sous peu pour dépister tout mouvement éventuel au toit de la rampe. Abstract Design and installation of an active mine ground support using tensioned cables at the Experimental Mine, Val-d?Or, Québec, Canada. One hundred sixty (160) cables were installed at the back of the ramp at the CANMET?s Experimental Mine located in Val-d?Or, Québec, Canada, to prevent any degradation of the ground after the enlargement of the roadway in a sector turning at 180 degrees, usually called Virage Santa Barbara. The nature of the rock mass in this area is blocky and stratified, and its thickness above the ramp does not exceed ten (10) metres. Eight (8) metres of soil, mostly saturated, cover the bedrock on top of the ramp. The ground support was designed to form a compression zone at the back, aimed to carry a strata of rock of around four (4) metres thick. The design criteria and the methods of installation of the ground support are described in the paper. A strict control of the quality of the grout used for injection and the tension placed in the cables was carried out during the installation of the support. Ground monitors will be installed soon, to detect any movement that could take place above the ramp.

May 1, 2001

By D. -A Tremblay

Dynamic wetting spread factors and interfacial heat transfer coefficients were determined for aluminum droplets solidifying on copper substrates, The spread factors were determined from the droplet geometries while the heat transfer coefficients were obtained by solving inverse heat conduction problems, 1-D and 2-D heat transfer models are presented and the results they provided are compared, For the latter, a sensitivity analysis was also performed to determine the influence of thermophysical properties and boundary conditions. Experiments were alternatively carried out with three different gaseous atmospheres and the dynamic wetting spread factors were correlated to the interfacial heat transfer coefficients.

Jan 1, 2005

By Patricia J. Dillon

Established in 1997, Prospectors and Developers Association of Canada Mining Matters (PDACMM) is a registered charitable organization dedicated to providing Earth Science education to grade school students. Through the development and distribution of educational programs and materials, PDACMM informs students of Canada?s geology and mineral resources as well as promoting awareness of the importance of rocks, minerals, metals and the mining industry. PDACMM also co-ordinates with other charitable organizations and government agencies to provide support or to work in tandem with them and reach as many young people as possible. Although PDACMM became a charitable organization in 1997, it actually has its? roots in 1994 when the Grade 7 program Mining Matters/Une Mine de Renseignments was developed to help teachers bring geology and mining into the classroom. Over 2100 of these resource kits were distributed to teachers across Ontario during the period 1995 to 1998. This unit won national recognition when it received the prestigious Partnership Focus award from the Conference Board of Canada for ?promoting science literacy for the world of work?. Due to the phenomenal success of these kits, a Grade 4 kit entitled Deeper and Deeper/Aller au Fond Des Choses was developed in 1998 in response to the opportunity provided by the new Ontario curriculum released at that time. Over 2600 of these kits were distributed throughout Ontario and there is a substantial waiting list of teachers hoping PDACMM will be able to raise enough money for another print run.

May 1, 2002

By Earl M. Frizzell, Joseph A. Dos Santos

"Conventional belt conveyors offer an economical method for transporting materials at inclines approaching 18 degrees. Sandwich belt conveyors may be used to transport materials at high angles, to 90 degrees, while maintaining the most positive features of conventional conveyors, that is, (1) proven conventional conveyor components. (2) high-speed operation, (3) high-single lifts, (4) continuous cleaning of the smooth surf aced belts, and (5) easy, quick repair by hot or cold vulcanizing. The present discussion deals with the evolution and development of sandwich belt conveyors to satisfy the operational requirements of the open-pit mining and materials-handling industries.A look at the limitation s of conventional shallow angle conveyors reveals the conveying angle at which a cover belt is needed. The relationship between conveying angle and hugging pressure by the cover belt is developed mathematically. A study of past and current developments reveals that the Loop Belt and Beltavator are significant advances in the state-of -the- art. The vertical radius of curvature constraints are discussed in detail and the constraint equations are developed. Criteria for future development is established as a basis for evolutionary developments in sandwich belt high-angle conveyors. The use of intermediate drives in sandwich belt high-angle conveyors is investigated.IntroductionIn connection with U.S. Bureau of Mines funded–study relating to continuous haulage from deep open-pit mines, the authors had occasion to study extensively, the use of high-angle conveyors as a means of hauling mine products continuously from the pit while maintaining optimum mine slopes to minimize total excavation. The many possible high-angle conveying methods investigated included skip hoists, bucket ladders, pocket belts, fin belts, cleated belts, sandwich belts, pipe belts, screw conveyors, slurry pipe lines, and others. The sandwich belt high-angle conveyor appeared to be the most operationally-appropriate and economical solution for the mining industry. The present paper presents the theory, historical development, state-of-the-art, and evolutionary developments in sandwich belt high-angle conveyors."

Jan 1, 1983

By F. Melo, M. Pawlik

Fine coal aggregation in concentrated coal-water suspensions was studied through steady-state rheological measurements. The wettability of coal particles was modified by dry oxidation of a bituminous coal. The degree of hydrophobicity was monitored using film flotation. The rheological measurements revealed that hydrophobic coal particles aggregate in aqueous suspensions, over a wide pH range, and produce slurries with high yield stresses. As the degree of coal oxidation increases, the coal particles become more hydrophilic and such suspensions exhibit lower yield stresses values. The yield stress values for suspensions prepared from oxidized/hydrophilic coal become a strong function of pH and correlate well with the surface charge as determined through electroacoustic measurements. These results indicate that the yield stress of aqueous suspensions of coal, and hence coal particles aggregation, is strongly affected by the wettability of coal particles.

Jan 1, 2004

By S. Banisi, E. Arghavani, A. Akbari, Gh. A. Parsapour, S. Darvish Tafvizi

The new copper processing plant of the Sarcheshmeh copper complex consists of two parallel circuits. After a primary crushing, the ore is sent to a SAG mill and the product is further ground in a ball mill. The overflow of the hydrocyclones is fed to a flotation circuit which contains 8 rougher tank cells (RCS130), 3 cleaner cells (RCS50), 5 scavenger cells (RCS50) and a 4 x 12 m flotation column as recleaner. The circuit was initially designed to process a feed containing 0.8% Cu, but because of the ore type change, the feed grade decreased to 0.6% Cu. This resulted in a reduction of final concentrate grade and recovery from 28 and 85.5% to 24 and 84.4%, respectively. Based on the original design, the copper and silica recovery in the cleaner cells should be 69 and 55%, respectively, but these values increased to 85 and 75% because of a higher retention time. The rather high silica recovery (i.e., 75%) was found to be the main source of the lower final concentrate grade. In order to reduce the retention time of particles in the cleaner cell from 13.7 to 6.9 min, the rougher concentrates of two parallel circuits were fed to only one cleaner-scavenger and regrind circuit. This modification increased the cleaner and final concentrate grade from 15.1 and 24.5% to 17 and 26%, respectively. To prevent a possible reduction in the copper recovery, the froth depth in the scavenger cells was reduced. The overall outcome of the circuit modification was evaluated to be a 10% reduction in the energy consumption without any loss in the overall copper recovery.

Jan 1, 2016

By X. S. Yuan

With the production increase of Oil Sand in Fort McMurray Alberta, more efficient tailings disposal has become a priority for Syncrude Canada Ltd. A lot of work on tailings research and development has been compiled to determine the most effective deposition to increase reclamation options, water re-use and thermal energy recovery. Efficient flocculation of fine oil sand tailings is the key technology for thickening. It was identified that flocculation of fine transition/marine ore tailings using a single flocculant was not effective. The thickener overflow contains 1-4% solids content compared with the target solids content of <0.5% obtained with Estuarine ore. As a result, novel processes for treatment of fine transition/marine ore tailings have been developed at Syncrude Bitumen Production Development since June 2004. While the conventional processes using a single flocculant, a single coagulation, or a coagulant-flocculant combination was ineffective for transition and marine ore tailings, the new processes including Coagulation-Flocculation-Coagulation (CFC), Flocculation-Coagulation (FC) and Flocculation-Coagulation-Flocculation (FCF) were acceptable options. The key components of these technologies consist of the recipe of chemicals and their adding sequence. With these technologies, almost all sub-micron clay minerals are aggregated together and settle as a whole, resulting in a clear supernatant of less than 0.1% solids.

Jan 1, 2006

By L. Don Leet

Abstract Earthborne vibrations from blasting and other sources, including rock bursts, can now be recorded effectively. The nature and magnitude of vibrations from various sources have been investigated and certain applications of the knowledge thus gained have been made. Vibrations from blasting have been measured on special equipment over a range from an electric blasting cap at a few feet, through the largest quarry shot in history to date ( 1,-362,985 lb.), to the first atomic bomb, in uew Mexico on July 16th, 1945. Laws relating amount of explosive to amount of vibration at different distances have been developed and tested. Special studies have been made of the effects of vibrations on buildings, particularly from the standpoint of possible structural damage. Recorded vibrations are used to study the effects of modern short-period delay shooting. It ?has been found that short-period delay firing is extremely effective in reducing vibrations under the right conditions, but with certain limitations. In quarry shooting, there appears to be a minimum number of holes below which vibrations are not appreciably reduced by short-period delay firing. In several instances this minimum has been near 7. Vibrations in the ground from rock bursts and the effects of mining in stresesd ground have been studied both underground and on the surface in a search for a rock burst warning system. Introduction Earthborne vibrations from blasting and other sources, including rock bursts, can now be recorded effectively. Analyses of blasting records have been yielding increasing funds of information of practical as well as theoretical interest. The nature and magnitude of the vibrations have been investigated with special reference to their effects on structures.

Jan 1, 1951

By K. Turgeon, D. Larivière, L. Whitty-Léveillé, J. -F. Boulanger, C. Bazin

"The processing of ore containing rare earth elements leads to the production of an impure solution of these elements. The separation of the rare earths from the impurities and the production of individual elements is usually carried out by solvent extraction. The effectiveness of the extraction conditions and of the reagents is generally tested in the laboratory. This paper deals with the processing of results from solvent extraction laboratory tests planned to generate data redundancy. A method is proposed to take advantage of the data redundancy by accounting for the pH variation during the extraction. The parallel processing of several tests also allows estimating the equilibrium constants for the extraction. The proposed method produces equilibrium constants that are more reproducible than values estimated using conventional approaches. The method is illustrated with solvent extraction tests conducted on synthetic solutions of rare earth elements.INTRODUCTIONThe processing of ores containing rare earth elements (REE) usually includes the production of a concentrate of the minerals carrying the REE. These minerals, for instance monazite and bastnäsite, contain the 14 elements from La to Lu plus yttrium and scandium. As an example monazite has the general formula of (La,Ce,Pr,Nd,Sm,Eu,Gd,Tb,Dy…Lu)PO4 with a typical lanthanum content of 20-26%, cerium content of 40-50%, praseodymium of 4-6%, neodymium of 16 to 20%, and decreasing concentrations of heavier elements (Gupta & Krishnamurthy, 2005). During the processing of a REE mineral, it is generally not possible to isolate and separate a single REE from all the rest. The mineral molecules need to be broken (usually via a heat treatment followed by leaching with a base and/or an acid) to produce an aqueous solution of the REE of the ore. After purification of the solution, the REE can be precipitated as a bulk concentrate and sold to a refinery that separates the REE into particular groups of REE such as the light versus heavy REE or into individual elements such as lanthanum, neodymium, or europium oxides to yield value-added products."

Jan 1, 2016

By Paul Armstrong

THE first discovery of lead and zinc ore on Calumet island was made in 1893 by John Lawn, who then staked a portion of the property now owned by Calumet Mines, Limited. His discovery was developed by James and Calvin Russell, who are said to have shipped a few tons of sorted ore, averaging 39 per cent zinc, 13 per cent lead, and 11 oz. silver per ton. In 1898, the property was being operated by the Grand Calumet Mining Company, who mined and shipped, for treatment in a Belgian smelter, 1,100 tons of ore averaging 32 per cent zinc, 9 per cent lead, and an unreported content of gold and silver. After some indecisive exploration by an American syndicate in 1907, the property lay idle until1910, when the Calumet Metals Company-later reorganized as the Calumet Zinc and Lead Company-re-commenced exploration. After sinking an 85-foot shaft-the McDonald shaft-and doing a few hundred feet of drifting and cross-cutting, this Company, in 1912, erected a 150-ton daily capacity gravity-concentration plant, in which some 800 tons of ore, mined from the McDonald shaft and Bowie pit, were milled. Owing to very disappointing mill recoveries, the property was shut clown and-after several years of idleness-in? 1916 the mill and mining plant were destroyed by fire and the Company went into bankruptcy. In 1918, an unknown operator shipped to an Omaha, Nebraska, smelter 22 tons of ore, probably sorted from the dumps of the Ste. Anne shaft and Galena pits, averaging 44 percent lead, and 0.26 oz. gold and 61 oz. silver per ton. The British Metals Corporation (Canada), Limited, in 1926, optioned the property. They unwatered the McDonald shaft and, after doing an additional 300 feet of cross-cutting and drifting on the 85-ft. level, estimated there were some 33,000 tons of ore between this level and the surface. Surface exploration, including trenching, on other showings on the property gave discouraging results and the option was dropped.

Jan 1, 1941

By Gavin A. Hunt

In order for mines to operate profitably throughout their life it is important to monitor and maximise ore recovery. A common problem facing many mines is the underestimation of clay type and its distribution in ore at the mine face, blast hole or in the ore stockpile. Too much clay entering the heap leach ore stream for example causes a dramatic reduction in heap leach efficacy and or increased leaching times. The end result is poor leaching performance and much reduced metal production. Poor clay identification and quantification is attributable to many factors, including costly and slow off-site mineral analysis techniques, such as XRD, XRF and petrology, the visual and subjective limitations of the core logging geologist and a lack of suitable low cost, high throughput mineral logging instruments. To get round these problems a new, non-contact, imaging spectrometer - the SpecCam - was developed by Spectra-Map Ltd, to allow high throughput identification and quantification of minerals from mineable material. Its novel imaging design can collect millions of data points (pixels) per day; each pixel contains spectral information that allows a wide variety of mineral types, including the smectite and illite clays, and phyllosilicates such as talc and kaolin, to be identified. Because all the ore can be imaged a much more reliable mineral log can be made. Hence, mapping changes in mineral composition - related to variations in phenocrysts, macrocrysts, veining or wall rock - is possible. Examples of SpecCam data from Goldfields Cerro Corona Porphyry stockpile and from Rio Tinto?s Argyle Diamond mine illustrate the mineral identification and quantification capabilities of the SpecCam. More importantly, for the first time very accurate % abundances for the different minerals can be obtained using an image-based modal count technique. The modular design of the camera, plus its extremely flexible high speed filter, mean that the SpecCam can be easily installed on different equipment, each one suited to different ore recovery problems. For example the SpecCam can be used on an automated portable logging frame to measure drill core, RC chips, hand samples or powder, or alternatively installed on a Geotek multi-sensor core logger for high-throughput, automated logging of drill or blast hole core using co-registered multi-sensor data. An exciting recent development has been the installation of the SpecCam on CommoDas ore sorting equipment, used around the world for 24 hour mill-feed monitoring and automatic ore sorting. Real-time ore sorting decisions can be made as material is monitored on a conveyor belt running at 3m s-1, from which the ore can be automatically sorted into high-grade, low-grade or waste streams for example. The three installation options for the SpecCam mean that most mineral analysis and automated core logging or ore monitoring needs can be met at the mine. For the first time rapid and automatic mineral identification and accurate quantification can be made. All of which allow the mine geologist or metallurgist to make important decisions about maximising the metal recovery process.

May 1, 2007

By Eldon L. Brown

Location and History The Sherritt Gordon property is located in northwestern Manitoba, about 100 miles north of The Pas and 40 miles northeast of Flin Flon. It is connected with the Manitoba Northern railway, which runs from The Pas to Flin Flon by a branch line, 42 miles in length. The location of the property is shown on the sketch-map, Figure 2. The ore deposit was first discovered by Philip Sherlett, a Cree Indian, in 1922. In 1924 Sherlett&apos;s claims lapsed and the ground was re-staked by Carl Sherritt and Dick Madole, and was optioned by them to J. P. Gordon in the summer of 1925. Gordon re-optioned the property successively to three well-known mining groups, one of which did some surface trenching .and put down 28 shallow diamond-drill holes before dropping their option. In the latter part of 1927, a Company known as Sherritt Gordon Mines, Limited, was formed to take over the property, and preparations were made for systematic development work. Preliminary Development In order to fill-in gaps left by the original drilling, a light diamond-drill outfit was flown-in to the property from the Hudson Bay railway in the early fall of 1927. Ten shallow holes were put down before freeze-up .and a considerable amount of surface trenching was completed. Based on the results of the surface trenching and the shallow diamond-drilling, an extensive development campaign was outlined. A winter road, 90 miles in length, was cut from mileage 55 on the Hudson Bay railway, and during the winter of 1927-28 a total of 2,600 tons of freight was hauled-in to the property. This freight included four complete diamond-drill outfits, two complete mining plants, building material for two sets of camps, and supplies for one year&apos;s operations, including 105,000 gallons of fuel-oil for Diesel engines.

Jan 1, 1933

By J. T. Fyles, C. G. Hewlett

"THE TOWN OF Salmo, rail centre for the Salmo lead-zinc mining district, is in southeastern British Columbia 26 miles by road east of Trail an about the same distance south of Nelson. The belt in which the mines occur is a few miles east of Salmo and extends about 6 miles north of the town and 17 miles south and southwest to the International Boundary. The belt includes the H. B. mine of The Consolidated Mining and Smelting Company of Canada, Limited, the Jersey mine of Canadian Exploration Limited, the Reeves MacDonald mine, and the Jack Pot property of New Jersey Zinc Explorations Limited.Since 1949, the Jersey and Reeves MacDonald mines have produced most of the lead and zinc in the district. From 1949 through 1954 these two mines together produced a total of 233,134 ounces of silver, 87,659,399 pounds of lead, 215,708,856 pounds of zinc and 475,397 pounds of cadmium. This amounts to more than 80 per cent of the total production of lead and 95 per cent of the total production of zinc from the district since the first recorded production in 1906. Reserves at the largest properties amount to several million tons of ore containing 4 to 7 per cent combined lead and zinc. Several prospects are potential producers.Regional StructureThe main structural units in the Salmo area are outlined in Figure I, and the major rock units of the stratigraphic column are listed in the following table. The lead and zinc deposits are replacements in a highly deformed limestone formation near the base of the Laib group, and all mineralized zones are on the south and east side of structural unit 2 (see Figure I)."

Jan 1, 1949

By L. C. Lien

Tower crane layout (TCL) is a typical construction site layout (CSL) problem, which is suitable for a wide range of work assignments and site conditions. Tower crane is one of the key facilities for vertical and horizontal transportation of materials, especially for heavy prefabrication units such as steel beams, ready mixed concrete, prefabricated elements and large panel formwork such as machinery and equipment, and a wide variety of other building materials within a construction site. However, it is a difficult combinatorial optimization problem to determine the locations of tower cranes with materials quantity supply and demand for engineers. Swarm intelligence (SI) was very popular and widely used in many complex optimization problems which was collective behaviour of social systems such as honey bees (bee algorithm, BA) and birds (particle swarm optimization, PSO). This study applied a hybrid swarm algorithm namely particle bee algorithm (PBA) based on a particular intelligent behaviour of honey bee and bird swarms by integrates theirs advantages. This study compares the performance of PBA with BA and PSO for a proposed hypothetical construction engineering of TCL with materials quantity supply and demand problem. Results show that PBA performs better performance than the mentioned algorithms on a proposed hypothetical TCL problem.

Aug 1, 2013

By Karl J. C. Harries

"11.1. INTRODUCTIONA royalty is the most common form of interest retained by an owner who is disposing of his property or by a joint venturer who ceases, voluntarily or otherwise, to participate in the joint venture.1 Rarely does a non-participating party have a direct interest in the property and/or assets of a project, except during the period when a non-participating joint venturer may be having his interest diluted.2 In fact, it is most unwise to permit a non-participating party to have such an interest. It may give rise to significant problems that could prevent or substantially delay the development of an orebody and require a considerable amount of time, effort, and money to correct.3In negotiating a royalty, it is important to be aware that there is no law or convention that says, “You just don’t do that in a royalty agreement.” As with any agreement, inventiveness and flexibility on the part of the negotiator are not just assets, but virtual necessities. It is also for this reason that it is essential to read the royalty provisions, particularly the definitions, fully and carefully, especially if you are the recipient. On the other hand, if your inventiveness and flexibility cause your accountant to question the advisability of one of your ideas, pay close attention to him.4 He will, no doubt, have had experience with many royalties, and no competent professional adviser disparages a client’s ideas without good reason. Besides, he will probably be the person who will be determining the royalty or certifying the determination of it. At the very least, he will be auditing your general financial statements, which must, of course, reflect the royalty determination. Heeding his advice not only may make the determination easier but also will probably save you money in professional fees later on. Nevertheless, do not simply accept his comments or recommendations without understanding what they mean, why they have been made with respect to your royalty agreement (sometimes professionals have comments that they make as a matter of course and, even though they may be valid, you should require them to be justified to you), and how they will affect your royalty determination.It is surprising how many corporate payors insist that their standard royalty provisions5 be used as a matter of policy, thereby effectively tying the negotiator’s hands. It is even more surprising, and to professional advisers frightening, how many of the senior employees who insist that such a policy be adhered to, virtually without variation, do not know what is in the standard provisions and would be hard-pressed to explain them to a property owner. If standard provisions are appropriate, by all means use them, but do allow experienced and sensible negotiators some flexibility and make sure that everyone within the corporation who may have to use such provisions – negotiator and supervisor alike – knows what they contain and why they are as they are. For example, there are often good and convincing reasons to describe a deduction in a certain way or to include a certain specific type of deduction. On the other hand, quite often the answer to the question “why?” is that “it has always been there”; this is, or should be, an unacceptable answer. In any event, if you, as the negotiator, appear to know what you are talking about, are familiar and comfortable with your royalty provisions, and are backed up by your boss with the same words or reasoning, a property owner cannot help but be satisfied that you are knowledgeable, even if he still does not agree with your provisions. Finally, if you do use standard provisions, make sure that they are reviewed and updated regularly."

Jan 1, 2003

By C. H. Stockwell

RICE LAKE-BERESFORD LAKE area, situated 100 miles northeast of Winnipeg (Figure 1), is Manitoba&apos;s foremost gold mining district, although it is exceeded in gold production in the Province by the Flin Flon base-metal mining district. At present, the area is producing at the rate of about one and three-quarter million dollars annually, almost entirely from the San Antonio and Gunnar mines. The total production to date is about $14,000,000. Of this total, over $7,000,000 has come from the San Antonio mine, over $2,000,000 from the Gunnar mine, about $4,000,000 from the Central Manitoba mine, and the balance from several smaller properties. The writer has led Geological Survey parties in the area for the past four summers. The present paper gives a summary of the results of this work and also includes the findings of C. S. Lord, who was in charge of a party for one year. Much valuable information was obtained from earlier published reports on the area and from officials of mining companies, to whom the writer is indebted for their kindly co-operation. It is impossible in this short paper to give proper credit to the earlier workers or to discuss certain points o disagreement between their conclusions and those presented here. For further information the following references may be consulted.

Jan 1, 1940

By Mark Liskowich

When is it the proper time to initiate engagement with various stakeholders, including Indigenous communities? This paper will demonstrate what stage of a project’s evolution is the appropriate time to initiate a stakeholder engagement plan. It will look at aspects to consider when identifying the communities to involve. It will describe the contents of a Stakeholder Engagement Management Plan as well and touch on how tried and true options analyses, such as a Multiple Accounts Analysis can be used to inform the results of the engagement, guide the development of your project and clearly document the engagement process. It will illustrate the benefits of initiating engagement at the appropriate point in your project’s schedule, and the limitations of doing so too early and at later stages of the project engineering. The benefits of this approach can be realized within any legislative Jurisdiction including the Canadian Environmental Assessment Act 2012 and Canada’s new Impact Assessment Act.

Jan 1, 2020

By Philip J. Bangerter, Chris Twigge-Molecey

Design for safety is critical to metallurgical plants, due to the inherently dangerous nature of their processes. Two significant areas of concern are: 1. preventing catastrophic process failures that cause damage or injury; and 2. operational safety that directly affects those working in or living near the plant. Process safety involves human behaviour, but the designer can eliminate or control hazards by engineering approaches, and control impacts through the design of the operating procedures. The tools available to guide safe facility design include bowtie analysis, hazard analysis, and hazard and operability studies. Clean plant design principles can guide the design process to address in-plant occupational health and safety issues. Auditing and review is a key part of the overall design process.

Jan 1, 2015