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By B. K. Rath

The Industrialization of a country depends on its mining activities to a great extent. In mineral production, India has a top rank not only in South Asia, at the global level too. Quantum of mineral production is almost directly proportional to the quantum of explosive production. Mining sector consume more than 80% of country’s explosive production. Due to rapid growth of mining activities in the country, the explosives industry has been developing very fast in terms of quantity, quality and types. , In this paper, India’s post independent chronological date regarding use of explosives, their types, their constraints and a profile of well-known manufacturers has been meticulously presented. A production figure for three years with system analysis has been presented. The paper also deals with present consumption pattern while making a futuristic forecast. In view of the anticipated changes that are to take place in mining industries in near future, the manufacturers of explosives have to pay a vital role. The paper highlights some concrete and valuable suggestions and recommendations. Small scale Companies have to limit their production to Slurry and Emulsion types of Cartridged explosives whereas the large manufacturing units have to concentrate on Bulk explosives, specialized explosives and better initiating systems. The large manufacturing units have also to make all concerted efforts to compete with global market for significant export. The Country for its rapid growth needs basic raw materials like Coal, Iron Ore and Limestone. So, the extraction of these minerals is of prime importance. The more we produce and consume, the more will be Industrialization. The Industrial growth rate has been around 6% during the last few years. As the Industrial growth rate is moderate, there is moderate increase in mineral extraction in the Country. Additional mineral extraction demands additional explosive production (Annexure-1).

Jan 1, 2000

By Eduardo Berger

This paper describes a mechanized loading system, the HYDRODOSE, which allows the use of pumpable emulsions in underground mining. It also describes a pumpable emulsion explosive for small diameter holes, HYDROMITE PDB. Included are test results carried out in two Chilean underground mines.

Jan 1, 1991

By Robert L. Brooks

This paper is intended for companies at all levels of the Explosive Industry and in particular, those that do not have a risk manager. It is strictly informational in nature and no reference is made, or intended towards any existing insurance company or agency.

Jan 1, 1993

By R. Wharton, M. Bagley

Following a series of papers relating to the certification of explosives for sale in member states of the European Union presented at previous ISEE conferences, this poster paper has been prepared to stimulate discussion and debate on the recently published European Directive on Pyrotechnic Articles.

Jan 1, 2008

By Robert A. Farnfield

This paper outlines the theory behind transfer functions and illustrates their application in the prediction of structural response to blast induced ground vibration. The ability to predict the response of a structure to a recorded ground vibration is desirable for a number of reasons.

Jan 1, 1994

Vibrations are of concern not only for the safety of surface structures but also for the stability of underground openings. A number of parameters affect the intensity of vibration in underground openings due to blasting in adjacent opencast mine viz. total explosive weight detonated in a round, maximum explosive weight per delay, propagating media, depth of cover, RMR of the roof rock, age of the underground openings etc. Although a few researchers have tried to study the impact of parameters stated above, the impact of initiation sequences on generation of vibration in underground openings due to opencast blasting has yet remained untouched. A study was planned to evaluate the impact of initiation sequences on the magnitude of vibration in underground openings due to blasting in opencast mine. Nine production blasts with top and bottom initiations were performed at Samleshwari opencast project in India and eighteen vibration data were monitored in the roof of Hingir Rampur underground colliery in both the initiation sequences. The result indicated that the vibration produced in the underground openings from bottom initiation was lower than that of top initiation.

Jan 1, 2003

By William F. Skully

An effective explosives storage program involves selection of a storage site, checking zoning and special permit requirements, acquisition of the storage site land, determining correct layout for required storage units, selection of storage units, construction of storage area, obtaining licenses and permits, and storage site operation.

Jan 1, 1976

By N H. Maerz

The digital image analysis program WipFrag has been developed under contract to INCO for use in quality control of underground blasting operations. This paper outlines the relevance of fragmentation to underground mining, the hardware and photography requirements, and key features and operating principles of the software.

Jan 1, 1995

By D K. Joyce

Large diameter boreholes have become increasingly popular in underground mining. Drilling equipment can drill full rings, including vertical upholes. Special techniques are required to load upholes of three inch to eight inch diameter. The current methods for loading AN/FO and bulk or packaged emulsions are described.

Jan 1, 1988

By Judy Konya Bowles, Calvin J. Konya

Blast vibration and air blast are commonly blamed for damages to residential as well as commercial structures. Mining and construction companies are often required to spend monies in court defending themselves even when vibration and air blast levels have been monitored by seismographs and are extremely low.

Jan 1, 1992

By S. P. Singh, Turgut Yalcin

The physical characteristics of blasted rock are fundamental variables affecting the economics of mining operations and are in fact the basis for evaluating the quality of a blast. A study was designed with the objective of quantifying the effect of muck size distribution on scooping operations in a mine.

Jan 1, 2002

By Fred C. Drury

The Explosives Engineer's concern for personnel training in the safe, efficient and effective use of explosives materials has grown in recent years. Available training options have also grown. Today's options include off-site training seminars and in-house training departments, both of which represent significant cost to the smaller producer.

Jan 1, 1981

By Robert M. Carland, Horace Gene Biggs, David Holland

At a North Carolina feldspar surface mine, the orebody contains intrusions of waste material occurring at various angles from horizontal to dipping, and varying considerably in thickness. In order to obtain optimum feed for the mill, it is desirable to obtain maximum separation of ore from waste during blasting and digging.

Jan 1, 1990

By Robert F. Dexter

This paper discusses the Federal requirements of this regulation for the importation, manufacture, distribution and storage of explosive materials. The interstate or foreign commerce in explosive materials, licensing of manufacturers, importers and dealers, issuance of permits, the conduct of business by licensees and operations of permit tees and the storage of explosive materials.

Jan 1, 1975

By K. G. Holley

Blasting is usually required to produce easily-excavated broken rock, while leaving surrounding rock masses as undamaged and stable as possible. In mining applications, it is common to utilise production blasting in the centre of an open pit, and specially developed limits blast designs when blasting adjacent to the excavation perimeter. In open pit blasting, limits blast designs generally include pre-splitting, trim blasts, or buffer blasts, all of which are designed to limit, or eliminate, damage beyond the designed pit wall. This paper reports on the findings of a study of the profile of damage in rock masses surrounding blasts, determined by a combination of vibration monitoring, displacement monitoring using extensometers, and video inspection of open holes drilled at various distances behind blasts. The results obtained suggest that the profile of damage may extend for the full depth of the bench, for distances of up to 12 to 15 metres behind blasts. This suggests that entire berms may be affected by blasting, displaying loss of friction and cohesion along joint and fracture planes. The study has considered production blasts and trim blasts with small diameter blastholes and pre-splits.

Jan 1, 2004

By R J. Roach, D Roy

After months of discussion on ways and means to improve productivity in the shaft sinking process, it was decided to look at those areas where, historically, methods have been stagnant for many years. These categories included drilling, hole diameter, drill patterns, explosive types, explosive loads, initiation techniques, cut design, wall control, fragmentation and heated magazines.

Jan 1, 1997

By Roger L. Keller, John Dean Smith

The Amax Coal Company's Ayrshire Mine in Southern Indiana is faced with one of the toughest blasting applications concerning vibration in the nation. As a means of maintaining regulatory compliance the operation elected to exercise the option of frequency analysis. A site-specific computer processing program which suggests ideal delay interval ranges for the lowest vibration was utilized.

Jan 1, 1987

By John Brennan

Necessity, they say, is the mother of invention. Certainly that sentiment held true during the early stages of explosive engineering. While seaside forts were concerned over static ignition of their black powder caches in the 14th century1, the mining industry in the 1800s were plagued by accidents surrounding the ignition methods for their black powder blasts.

Jan 1, 2011

By Steve Dillingham

In recent years, there has been a trend toward increasingly demanding blasting standards being enacted by local and regional regulatory authorities. The objective of this paper is to alert blasters of the difficulties that are created for blasting projects as a result of these restrictions, as well as the steps that can be taken to minimize future conflicts.

Jan 1, 1995

By H. Frank Murati, D. S. "Sax" Saxena

The presence of a mobile home park with drinking water wells created a unique geoenvironmental deterrent to the developer’s plans for effective rock blasting, excavation, and development of water management areas (lakes) in connection with the construction of Crown Colony Resort, a residential cum golf course community in southwest Fort Myers, Lee County, Florida, USA.

Jan 1, 2002