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By AIME AIME

General Local Committee.-John Fritz, Chairman; A. B. de Saulles, Vice-Chairman.; R. M. Bird, Treasurer; Henry S. Drinker, Secretary; Robert H. Sayre, E. P. Wilbur, Charles M. Dodson, Abraham S. Schropp, E. M. McIlvain Archibald Johnston, A. B. Fichter, C. G. Convers, W. A. Wilbur, Garrett B. Linderman, Frederick Conlin, George Pettiuos, Albert Brodhead, Garrett L. Hoppes, M.B. Cutter, H. J. Seaman, C. A. Matcham, B. F. Fackenthal, Jr., A. L. J. Queneau, Geo. R. Elder, Eldridge Wilbur, William H. Chandler, Mansfield Merriman, Joseph F. Klein, William S. Franklin, William Esty, Joseph AN'. Richards, Howard Eckfeldt, John D. Irving. Transportation Committee.-H. J. Seaman, C. A. Matcham, B. F. Fackenthal, Jr., A. B. Fichter, A. L. J. Queneau, Henry S. Drinker. Hotel Committee. -Garrett B. Linderman, Charles M. Dodson, W. A. Wilbur, Garrett L. Hoppes, Albert Brodhead. Steering Committee.-William S. Franklin, William Esty, John D. Irving, R. M. Bird, the members of the Tau Beta Pi Society of Lehigh University. Committee on Meetings - William S. Drinker, Joseph W. Richards, Howard Eckfeldt. Entertainmment Committee.-W. A. Wilbur, E. M. McIlvain, Archibald Johnston, A. B. de Saulles, G. G. Convers,.A. L. J. Queneau, Garrett B. Linderman, Frederick Conlin, George Pettinos, Garrett L. Hoppes, Henry S. Drinker, William S. Franklin, Eldridge Wilbur, Robert M. Bird, Secretary. The opening session was held at 8.30 p.m., Wednesday, February 21, 1906, in Gymnasium Hall of Lehigh University, which had been tastefully decorated with flags and bunting. Dr. Henry S. Drinker, President of Lehigh University, and Secretary of the General Local Committee, called the meeting to order, and welcomed the Institute to the Bethlehems, where its first meeting, after its organization in May, 1871, at Wilkes-Barre, was held in August, 1871.*

May 1, 1906

By V. R. Garfias

Principal events in petroleum operations of Mexico during 1934 have been the completion of three producing wells in the Poza Rica area and the plans for the expansion of operations of the Cia. de Petroleos de Mexico, S.A. (Petromex). Production for 1934 is estimated at close to 38,000,000 bbl., an increase of 4,000,000 bbl. over the previous year; an increase due in large part to the successful development in Poza Rica. The output of the South fields (Golden Lane) and Tehuantepec fields also increased somewhat during the year. Production of natural gasoline increased from 382,000 to 431,000 bbl. in 1934. Crude run in local refineries is estimated at 26,000,000bbl., some4,000,000bbl. more than the previous year. Exclusive of bunker fuel exports totaled 24,000,000 bbl., or 3,000,000 more than in 1933. Domestic consumption increased approximately 500,000,bbl. during the year, reaching a total of close to 13,600,000 bbl., exclusive of ships' bunkers. A total of 148 wells were completed as compared to 91 in 1933 and 40 in 1932. In proven areas, 133 completions resulted in 54 producers and 79 failures. The 15 wildcats drilled during 1934 gave no encouraging results. Seven of these were located in the border zone of northeastern Mexico; three tested possible northeast extensions of the Northern fields; two were drilled for possible extensions of the "Golden Lane" and three were completed in the Isthmus of Tehuantepec. Fields Northern Fields (Heavy Oil District).—There were 34 producing wells and 71 failures completed in the Northern fields, as compared to 20 producers and 20 failures in 1933. Practically all new producers were drilled to the shallower San Felipe formation, while wells drilled to the deeper Tamasopo limestone encountered salt water. Production of the field totaled 11,890,000 bbl., a decrease of 7.5 per cent from the previous year. Acid treatment was attempted during the year in seven wells

Jan 1, 1935

By AIME AIME

The Bulletin. The Bulletin of the Institute will be issued hereafter monthly instead of bi-monthly as heretofore. Among other reasons for this change, it is desired to effect thereby the earlier transmission to members of important papers, lists of candidates tin? membership, and other items of timely information. The New Haven Meeting. As already announced in special circular, the XCVIth meeting of the institute for the reading and discussion of papers will be held at New Haven, Conn., beginning Feb. 23, 1909. The Secretary of the Local Committee is Prof. J. D. Irving, Box D, Yale Station, New Haven. The program embraces visits to many interesting works in New Haven, Ansonia, Bridgeport, etc. The leading topics for discussion at the sessions will lie: The Conservation of Natural Resources; A Sea-Level Canal at Panama; and The Technical Education of Mining Engineers. But papers on other subjects also are announced. Lt is probable that a supplementary session of this meeting, will be held in New York City, at some time during March, 1909, as a joint session with other national engineering societies, for the farther discussion of the subject of The Conservation of Natural Resources. A Pacific Coast Meeting. It is now reasonably certain that the XCVIIth meeting will be held oil the Pacific Coast, including a. visit to the Exposition at Seattle, and various other points en. route going or coming, depending upon the route and program finally adopted. (lore definite information will be announced at the New Haven Meeting, or at the earliest possible date thereafter.

Jan 1, 1909

By F. T. Havard

(Canal Zone meeting, November, 1910.) I. INTRODUCTION. THE present truce in litigation between Western smelting and ranching interests gives opportunity for a summary of the results achieved by metallurgists in condensing fume and de-acidifying furnace-gases. In the absence of complete records of past experiments, there has been a good deal of unnecessary duplication of attempts and' failures. Yet, especially under the recent policy of our large corporations, looking to the economic recovery of the values of by- and waste products, original and, in some cases, effective measures have been developed by American metallurgists. In the case of Bliss vs. the Anaconda Copper Mining Co., the Montana Supreme Court, recognizing the progressive efforts made to render the flue-gases innocuous, and the value to the community of the smelting company's operations, refused to hamper its work, and returned a verdict in favor of the defendant. In the trial, the experimental firms of the company in the so-called "affected region" were proved to be thriving perfectly, showing that immunity was guaranteed to vegetation and stock by the wide distribution of the sulphurous acid gas in the dry air of Montana. Indeed, L. S. Austin has proved that by the time the fume is 4,000 ft.. distant from the stack, the percentage of sulphurous acid has been diminished from 2.28 to 0.00045; and Angus Smith has shown that rain must contain 40 parts per million of free acid before vegetation is affected. The arsenic in the stack-gases is but a very small part of the original content of the ore, of which 80 per cent. and over is rejected in the concentrator and furnace waste-products or recovered in the flues. Nevertheless, neither the peace in Montana nor the armistice

Aug 1, 1910

With a total value to date of well over $200,000.000.00 for its ore production, the Tintic mining district, which is about 100 miles southwest of Salt Lake City, ranks as one of the three main ore producing areas of Utah. In it are located the biggest silver mines of the country, silver having been the chief metal produced in the camp since its start. Tintic's silver production to date has a total value of over $1 00,000,000, approximately half of the value of the camp's ore production, the balance being roughly divided among lead, gold and copper. Discovery of the camp was made in the late sixties. Lack of transportation and ore reduction facilities delayed extensive development of the area for nearly a decade. In recent years Tintic's ore production has ranged from 350,000 to 400,000 tons annually. In 1924 the camp produced one-eighth of the silver produced in the nation with an output of 7,729,700 ounces. Its lead production was 77,765,000 pounds and its gold production 26,285 ounces.

Jan 1, 1925

(Under this heading will be published notes sent to the Secretary of the Institute by members or other persons introduced by members) Member, Graduate Colorado School of Mines. Four years' experience in West and Northwest. Two years with American Smelting and Refining Co. Wishes to join field party on geological work, mining or areal, where opportunity will be given to be of direct assistance to chief of party in solution of field problems. Age, 26. Unmarried. At liberty June 1. No. 342. Member, technical graduate, aged 30, with' 7 years' experience in concentrating and mining, desires a position of authority with reliable company. At present employed. No. 343. Member. Ambitious, energetic, tactful engineer, college graduate, married, aged 30, desires location with a large coal mining organization. Seven years with present employers -n middle west; has had broad experience in the past eight years on examination, development and construction; successful record in handling men. Position must carry responsible work and a future. Will go anywhere for proper opportunity. Exceptional references as to reliability, character and capacity for work. No. 344.

Jan 3, 1917

By AIME AIME

THE growth of the spirit of progress and mutual aid which motivated the founders of the Institute sixty years ago in Wilkes-Barre was vigorously demonstrated at the sixtieth anniversary meeting held there on May 22. Committees headed by Cadwallader Evans, "resident director" of the Institute, and Paul Sterling, chairman of the local section, had arranged for a full-day tour of the northern anthracite field, so that the hundred and fifty members and guests who had come for the celebration of the anniversary might see the changes and progress made in that field in recent years. More than forty automobiles were in line in the cavalcade which left the Westmoreland Club at nine- thirty. Operations visited were fully described in the May issue of MINING AND METALLURGY, so it is enough to say that after a seventy-five mile drive through the beautiful Susquehanna Valley and over the rolling green hills of northern Pennsylvania a stop was made for lunch at Forest City. Carey, Baxter and Kennedy, contractors at the stripping operations there, had provided, in the shelter of tents, a well-prepared luncheon and other refreshments. The return trip was made by way of Scranton, arriving at Wilkes-Barre at five- thirty.

Jan 1, 1931

By C. K. Leith

GENERAL GEOLOGY OF THE LAKE SUPERIOR IRON-BEARING AND COPPER-BEARING SERIES. THE geology of the Lake Superior region is of general interest, both from an economic and a scientific standpoint. The presence of large and rich iron- and copper-deposits has made a knowledge of the geology of the region necessary for purposes of exploitation and exploration. The ores of the region are contained in rocks of pre-Cambrian age, 'pith for most of the country up to recent years have usually been referred to as « crystalline schists " or " crystalline complex;" and regarded principally as metamorphosed basement-unit upon which the sedimentary rocks, beginning with the Paleozoic, were laid down. In the Lake Superior re¬gion this pre-Cambrian complex presents an unusual variety of rocks with determinable relations. It has been possible, with the large expenditures which-the magnitude of the iron-mining industry warrants, to work out their stratigraphy to a larger extent than has been possible in almost any other area of pre-Cambrian rocks. The real complexity of Lake Superior geology, the confusion of names and the multiplicity of reports covering small parts of the region, are such that interested persons, other than. geologists directly engaged in the work, may well hesitate to attempt to comprehend the geology of the region as a whole. The following paper is a somewhat elementary outline of the geology of the Lake Superior region with special reference to new developments not yet covered in published reports. Geological information concerning the region has been gath¬ered by mining companies, and by the geological surveys of Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Ontario, Canada, and the United States.. Perhaps in no other part of the country have the mining men themselves spent such large sums in purely geological work. This has made possible the publication of ,reports and maps by the State and Government surveys in much less time and at far less cost than would have been otherwise possible. The. U. S. Geological Survey is the only organization which has covered all of the region on the United 'States side of the boundary, and as its reports include the in¬formation gathered by the mining companies and State organi

Mar 1, 1905

By Fred D. Gustafson

With the postwar emergency for new housing and for new industrial buildings, much research has been done on lightweight aggregates for use in concrete and plaster. The trend toward lighter weight aggregates to relieve the dead load on the higher, steel frame- work buildings started toward the end of the last century. Progressively the requirements be- came more stringent, crushed bank slag, weighing 80 lb per cu ft as com- pared to 100 lb for crushed rock, was supplemented in some sections by foamed slags and expanded shales weighing from 40 to 60 lb per cu ft. In other sections cinders were used weighing from 40 to 50 lb, including sand. Sections favored with more recent vulcanism turned to pumice weighing from 30 to 60 lb, whereas other localities made use of diatomite, from 28 to 40 lb. Exfoliated vermiculite weighing from only 6 to 10 lb per cu ft came into use. As the search for lighter weights in aggregates continued so did the search for other desirable properties such as nailability, ease of cutting or channeling, and good insulation to both sound and heat. This search eventually led to a widespread interest in the expansion of perlite, or similar volcanic glasses, with the result that in 1946, the Office of the Housing Expediter' listed eleven firms reporting the operation of processing plants either on pilot or commercial scale producing aggregates weighing from 2 to 16 lb per cu ft.

Jan 1, 1949

By G. R. Speich

The age-hardening of Fe-18 to 21 pct Ni marten-sites containing small amounts of titanium, aluminum, copper, or molybdenum has been studied by hardness measurements, transmission electron microscopy, extraction replicas, and X-ray and electron diffraction. Electyon-probe microanaly-sis of the extracted precipitates was also performed. The effects of temperature and composition on the aging kinetics have been studied in detail for Fe-20 pctNi-Ti martensites. All the martensites hardened on aging at 400" to 500 "C with a single aging peak. In the Fe-20 pct Ni-Ti martensites hardening was associated with the formation of a fine dispersion of NisTi. No precipitation was observed in an Fe-21 pct Ni-2.6 pct A1 alloy, although the hardness increased from 327 to 545 Dph during aging at 500°C. Copper was precgitated from an Fe-20 pct Ni-10.7pct Cu alloy, at least during the later stages of age-hardening. Hardening in an Fe-18 pctNi-5pct Mo alloy was associated with the precipitation of an intemzetallic compound tentatively identified as NisMo. The formation of austenite and the recovery of the defect structure of the martensite occur simultaneously with the normal precipitation processes &ring aging of these alloys. THE age-hardening of substitutional iron-base martensites is an important subject for study since age-hardening is one of the principal means of strengthening the substitutional iron-base martensites in precipitation-hardening stainless steels1 and maraging steels.a~4 In contrast to Fe-C martensites, these martensites are relatively soft and ductile in the as-quenched condition, due to the low solid-solution hardening effect of the substitutional elements as compared to carbon. Also, these martensites are hardened by aging at low temperatures in contrast to Fe-C martensites which generally soften on tempering. Titanium and aluminum, singly or in combination, as well as copper and molybdenum, have been the principal alloying additions to stainless steels to obtain an age-hardening reaction.' Ti-A1 or Co-Mo-Ti combinations have been used in the case of maraging steels.3"4 The present work has been confined to a study of the age-hardening characteristics of an Fe-18 to 21 pct Ni martensite to which small amounts of titanium, aluminum, copper, and molybdenum were added in order to study the effects of each alloying element separately. The age-hardening characteristics of these alloys were studied by hardness measurements, transmission electron microscopy, extraction replicas, and X-ray and electron diffraction. Electron-probe micro-analysis of the extracted precipitates was also performed. The types and dispersion of precipitates, the formation of austenite, and the recovery of the defect structure of the martensite all were studied. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE Alloys. The compositions of the alloys studied are listed in Table I. The level of 18 to 21 pct Ni was chosen to assure complete transformation to martensite on quenching and is the same nickel level used in maraging steels. The concentrations of titanium, aluminum, copper, and molybdenum were chosen after a study of the and Fe-Ni-MO' ternary diagrams indicated how much of each alloying element could be dissolved in austenite. Alloys with 2 and 4 pct Cu were also studied, but these did not show precipitation hardening at the nickel levels studied and will not be discussed further. The alloys were prepared from electrolytic iron and high-purity* nickel, titanium, aluminum, copper, and molybdenum by vacuum melting of 20-lb heats. These were vacuum-cast into two 8-lb ingots. The ingots were hot-rolled at 1100°C to 1/2-in. plate and subsequently cut into 3/8-in. cubes. The cubes were sealed in evacuated quartz capsules and solution-treated for 16 hr at 1100°C, except for the Fe-20 pct Ni-10.7 pct Cu alloy and Fe-21 pct Ni-2.6 pct A1 alloys which were solution-treated for 16 hr at 1300" and at 1250"C, respectively. Metallographic examina-

Jan 1, 1963

Jan 1, 1886

AALL, Christian H.,(M'49), Asst Res Dir Monsanto Chemical Co Anniston, Ala AALSETH, Earl P ,(J,51), Amerada Petr Corp Geological Dept Williston N Dak AAMOT, Olav Crone, (M'29), Met Pacific N W Alloys, Inc , Box 6215, Hillyard P 0 Spokane 14, Wash AARING, Floyd D ,(J'48), Petr Engr P 0 Box 130, Calgary, Alta Canada AARCNSON, Hubert Irving, (S'47), Carnegie Inst of Tech., Pittsburgh, Pa ABADIE, Henry G ,(M'43), Asst to the Sup- of Operations, Long Beach Oil Development Co ,255 So Santa Clara Ave Long Beach, Calif ABBISS, H. J., (A'50), Min. Engr., Buchans Mining Co., Ltd.. Buchans, Newfoundland ABBOTT, Clarence Eugene, (M'04), 901 Insurance Bldg , Raleigh, N C ABBOTT, George, (S'52), Mass Inst of Tech Cambridge, Mass

Jan 1, 1952

By Sidney Sigel, J. Gardner Brooks, Irvin R. Kramer

In 1942 Grossmannl proposed that the hardenability of a steel may be calculated from its chemical composition by considering the base hardenability associated with its carbon content and grain size and multiplying this base by factors for each element present. Since Grossmann's original publication, several investigaton2-6 have reexamined the multiplying factors for the individual elements and in general have found that the multiplying principle is valid. However, some of the individual factor curves developed have been in poor agreement. Inasmuch as the carbon-factor curve obtained by Grossmann was dependent Lipon the factors for all the other alloying elements present in the steel, it logically followed that his results were in need of correction in the light of the new data available for manganese, silicon, and the other alloying elements. Furthermore, in order to avoid the possibility that errors in the manganese, silicon, or other curves might influence the carbon-factor curve, investigation of iron-carbon alloys containing little or no manganese and silicon was necessary. That the effect of carbon on hardenability was greater than indicated by Grossmann is shown by a comparison of the diameters of completely hardened rounds of iron-carbon alloys with the ideal critical diameter calculated from Grossmann's factors. These alloys have a greater hardenability in a finite quench than predicted by Grossmann's factors for an infinite quench (Table I). Among the other important variables that were in need of further investigation were the effect of deoxidation practice on the grain-size correction curves and the effect of stable carbide-forming elements on the depth of hardening. Most Of the work by Kramer, Hafner, and Toleman4 was done on silicon-killed steels. It was not known whether Gross-mann's grain-size correction curves, determined on aluminum-killed steels, was valid when applied to steels with different deoxidation practice. More data on the

Jan 1, 1947

By J. Gardner Brooks, Sidney Sigel, Irvin R. Kramer

In 1942 Grossmannl proposed that the hardenability of a steel may be calculated from its chemical composition by considering the base hardenability associated with its carbon content and grain size and multiplying this base by factors for each element present. Since Grossmann's original publication, several investigaton2-6 have reexamined the multiplying factors for the individual elements and in general have found that the multiplying principle is valid. However, some of the individual factor curves developed have been in poor agreement. Inasmuch as the carbon-factor curve obtained by Grossmann was dependent Lipon the factors for all the other alloying elements present in the steel, it logically followed that his results were in need of correction in the light of the new data available for manganese, silicon, and the other alloying elements. Furthermore, in order to avoid the possibility that errors in the manganese, silicon, or other curves might influence the carbon-factor curve, investigation of iron-carbon alloys containing little or no manganese and silicon was necessary. That the effect of carbon on hardenability was greater than indicated by Grossmann is shown by a comparison of the diameters of completely hardened rounds of iron-carbon alloys with the ideal critical diameter calculated from Grossmann's factors. These alloys have a greater hardenability in a finite quench than predicted by Grossmann's factors for an infinite quench (Table I). Among the other important variables that were in need of further investigation were the effect of deoxidation practice on the grain-size correction curves and the effect of stable carbide-forming elements on the depth of hardening. Most Of the work by Kramer, Hafner, and Toleman4 was done on silicon-killed steels. It was not known whether Gross-mann's grain-size correction curves, determined on aluminum-killed steels, was valid when applied to steels with different deoxidation practice. More data on the

Jan 1, 1947

By EDWARAD A. SIVEDENBORMG

REPORTS have been made at different times on the progress of water encroachment in the Frontier sands in the Salt. Creek oil field, Natrona county, Wyoming. All previous reports have, -however, been largely based on the position of water in the sands as determined by various physical tests. Subsequent information has been secured through a preliminary investigation of the porosity, grain size and degree of saturation of the Frontier sands. Also, a closer differentiation has been made between the waters encountered incident to the production of oil by means of chemical analysis. In view of the more recent developments there has been a need of a water encroachment map of the first Wall Creek based on a field survey and additional information acquired since the water encroachment map of the sand of 1926, by J. S. Ross and E. W. Henderson, petroleum engineers of the U. S. Geological Survey. The present report is confined to a study of the first Wall Creek sand and was written in connection with the preparation of the map, showing water encroachment in this sand. The first Wall Creek sand was the discovery sand in the field, the first well having been drilled in 1908. Its thickness averages 120 ft. and, varies between 90 and 160 ft. The sand is in the Colorado group of the Upper Cretaceous series and is further considered as a part of the Frontier formation found in other parts of Wyoming.

Jan 1, 1930

By Myron Read

DURING the past 25 years, mining engineers have seen the development of a multitude of specialized engineering curricula in the mineral industry field. Bachelor degrees are now !ranted in the fields of mineral dressing petroleum engineering, geological engineering, fuel technology, and many others. These fields were all, previously considered to be part of a mining enginieer's work and elementary phases of them were included in mining engineering curricula. Their emergence has left some mining engineers with the fear that nothing will he left for a purely mining engineer to teach, or that mining engineering graduates will be unable to complete in any of these fields with the more specialized students and thus will have neatly restricted employment opportunies. A secondary reaction has been that if students who began to say that the pining engineering curriculum taught everything but mining, since so many of :he subjects that had always been udedAuded in the mining engineering curriculum now were fields in their own right.

Jan 1, 1946

By W. H. Hough, P. B. Leavenworth

Development in the Upper Texas Gulf Coast during 1943 resulted in the discovery of 11 new fields as compared with 12 discovered in the same area during I942. Of the 11 new fields, eight are classed as oil and/or condensate and three as gas fields. In addition to the new discoveries, several more or less important new horizons and extensions were encountered in some of the older fields, as noted in the text under the heading "New Pays and Extensions.'' Drilling During the year, 418 wells were drilled, as compared with 356 drilled during 1942. Of these, 323 were field wells, of which 188 produced oil, 21 were gas wells and 114 were dry holes. The remaining 95 viere wildcats, 12 of which produced oil, 4 produced gas and 79 dry holes. Distribution of themwildcats with respect to the various trends may be summarized as follows: over the 91,340,492 bbl. produced in the same area during 1942. The production statistics in the text and the accompanying tables include condensate or distillate as oil production, because many Gulf Coast fields produce oils with a wide variation of specific gravities, all of which are commingled in pipe lines. Table 3 shows by counties all of the drilling and production" data applicable to this particular area. Outstanding Fields of 1943 The Upper Texas Gulf Coast covered in this report has 178 more or less active oil and gas fields, including the 1943 discoveries. Of these Table 4 lists those that were most important from the standpoint of production. Each of these fields pro duced in excess of one million barrels of oil during 1943. Some of the interesting facts to be noted from this list of some 26 oil fields are: (I) four of the fields— namely, Conroe, Hastings, Friendswood and Thompson—each produced more than 10 million barrels during 1943, whcrcas Conroe and Hastings were the only fields that produced 10 million barrels during 1942; (2) some of the older fields (discovered prior to 1920), such as Barbers Hill, West Columbia, and Hull, are still producing in excess of one million barrels annually; (3) some of the fields more than doubled their 1942 production—e.g., Anahuac and Friendswood. The large increase in production in practically all instances is the result of increased allowables from wells drilled prior to 1943 and

Jan 1, 1944

By W. H. Hough, P. B. Leavenworth

Development in the Upper Texas Gulf Coast during 1943 resulted in the discovery of 11 new fields as compared with 12 discovered in the same area during I942. Of the 11 new fields, eight are classed as oil and/or condensate and three as gas fields. In addition to the new discoveries, several more or less important new horizons and extensions were encountered in some of the older fields, as noted in the text under the heading "New Pays and Extensions.'' Drilling During the year, 418 wells were drilled, as compared with 356 drilled during 1942. Of these, 323 were field wells, of which 188 produced oil, 21 were gas wells and 114 were dry holes. The remaining 95 viere wildcats, 12 of which produced oil, 4 produced gas and 79 dry holes. Distribution of themwildcats with respect to the various trends may be summarized as follows: over the 91,340,492 bbl. produced in the same area during 1942. The production statistics in the text and the accompanying tables include condensate or distillate as oil production, because many Gulf Coast fields produce oils with a wide variation of specific gravities, all of which are commingled in pipe lines. Table 3 shows by counties all of the drilling and production" data applicable to this particular area. Outstanding Fields of 1943 The Upper Texas Gulf Coast covered in this report has 178 more or less active oil and gas fields, including the 1943 discoveries. Of these Table 4 lists those that were most important from the standpoint of production. Each of these fields pro duced in excess of one million barrels of oil during 1943. Some of the interesting facts to be noted from this list of some 26 oil fields are: (I) four of the fields— namely, Conroe, Hastings, Friendswood and Thompson—each produced more than 10 million barrels during 1943, whcrcas Conroe and Hastings were the only fields that produced 10 million barrels during 1942; (2) some of the older fields (discovered prior to 1920), such as Barbers Hill, West Columbia, and Hull, are still producing in excess of one million barrels annually; (3) some of the fields more than doubled their 1942 production—e.g., Anahuac and Friendswood. The large increase in production in practically all instances is the result of increased allowables from wells drilled prior to 1943 and

Jan 1, 1944

By L. O. Howard

THERE are three active mines in the Chewelah-Colville district, the United Silver Copper near Chewelah, and the Old Dominion and the Chloride Queen near Colville. The Admiral near Valley is also doing development work. The Chewelah district is in the south central part of Stevens County in the Colville Valley. Chewelah, a thriving town of 1600 people, and the scene of operations of the Northwest Magnesite Co., is about the center of the district. It is situated in a farming community on the Spokane-Nelson branch of the Great Northern railway, about 65 miles north of Spokane. Only two or three of the mines in the district have been extensively developed, although many have been prospected. The general elevation of the valley, is about 1600 or 1700 ft., that of the mountain ranges on each side about 3000 to 4000 ft., with gentle slopes and rounded glaciated tops. Prospecting is often difficult because of much glacial debris.

Jan 1, 1925

By D. B. RUSHNORE, K. A. Pauly

Bulletin. No. 41, May, 1910. ABBREVIATIONS. Al. Ind., Alliance Industrielle. am. Elec'n.. . American. Electrician. Bull. As. Ing. El Bulletin de la Association des Ingenieurs Elec- triciens Sortis de l'Institut Electrotecnique Montefiore, Liege. Bull. Soc. bilge d' Elec Bulletin de la Société belge d'Electriciens. Col. Guard . Colliery Guardian. D. R. P Deutsches Reich Patent. Dilly. Poly Dingler's Polytechniches Journal. E. & DI. Jour Engineering and Mining Journal. E. T. Zeit Electrotechnische Zeitschrift. Eclair. Elec. L'Eclairage Electrique. 1;1. Anzeig Elektrotechnischer Anzeiger

Sep 1, 1910