Search Documents

By H. M. Morse

This report covers the period from Jan. I, 1943 to Dec. 31, 1943. During the year, II2 wells were drilled in Mississippi, as foilows: wildcats drilled and abandoned, 54; wildcats producing oil, 4; oil wells drilled in oil fields, 26; oil wells drilled in fields, dry and abandoned, 10; sulphur-test wells drilled, 14; salt-water-disposal wells, 3; core tests, I. Prospecting Geophysical work in Mississippi during 1943 amounted to 1127 crew weeks, divided as follows: reflection seismograph, 809 weeks; gravity meter, 285; magnotometer, 30; torsion balance, 3. A considerable amount of core drilling was done over a large part of the state. The complete data on this activity are not available at the present time. Salt Domes To date, the following salt domes have been discovered in Mississippi: Midway, Edwards, Glass, Newman, Tatum, Oak-vale, Kings, Halifax, D'Lo, Hazlehurst, Byrd, Leedo, Prentiss, Carson, Moselle, Monticello, Ruth, Keno, Taylorsville. New Oil Fields Lincoln County.—On March 10, 1943, the California Company completed its Smith No. I in sec. 4, T. 7 N., R. 7 E., Lincoln County, as an oil well and produced 29 bbl. of 25" gravity oil in 24 hr. through a fi-in. choke. Two outpost wells have been drilled in this area by the California Company, and both have been abandoned as dry holes. Madison County. —Love Petroleum Co. completed its J. R. Anderson No. 2, sec. 2, T. 8 N., R. I W., Madison County, on Sept. 7, 1943. This well produced 135 bbl. of approximately 30" gravity- oil in 24 hr. through a )/4-in. choke. The production comes from a sand or porosity in the upper part of the Chalk formation of the Cretaceous age. Adams County.—The California Company drilled its National Gasoline Co. of Louisiana No. I in sec. 52, T. 7 N., R. I W., to a total depth of 10,383 ft., and at 10,280 ft, it perforated and obtained gas and a condensate. The well had several showings in the Wilcox of the Eocene age. Several of these showings were tested and the well finally was completed at 5888 ft. on Oct. 6, 1943, producing 44" gravity oil in the second sand in this formation. No other wells were completed in this field during the year. However, a number of wells are contemplated in the near future, and locations have been staked by the California Company. The Oklahoma Pipe Line Co. will market the oil through its pipe-line facilities. Wayne County.—The Gulf Refining Co. drilled Davis No. I in sec. 2, T. 9 N., R. 9 W. in Wayne County. After several stem tests 545'-in. casing was set at 6850 ft. and production was obtained in the so-called Massive Sand of the Lower Tuscaloosa. The well produced 359 bbl. of oil in 24 hr., and it Was completed on Oct. 4, 1943. Other locations have been staked ill this area and probably will be drilled in 1944 by

Jan 1, 1944

By H. M. Morse

This report covers the period from Jan. I, 1943 to Dec. 31, 1943. During the year, II2 wells were drilled in Mississippi, as foilows: wildcats drilled and abandoned, 54; wildcats producing oil, 4; oil wells drilled in oil fields, 26; oil wells drilled in fields, dry and abandoned, 10; sulphur-test wells drilled, 14; salt-water-disposal wells, 3; core tests, I. Prospecting Geophysical work in Mississippi during 1943 amounted to 1127 crew weeks, divided as follows: reflection seismograph, 809 weeks; gravity meter, 285; magnotometer, 30; torsion balance, 3. A considerable amount of core drilling was done over a large part of the state. The complete data on this activity are not available at the present time. Salt Domes To date, the following salt domes have been discovered in Mississippi: Midway, Edwards, Glass, Newman, Tatum, Oak-vale, Kings, Halifax, D'Lo, Hazlehurst, Byrd, Leedo, Prentiss, Carson, Moselle, Monticello, Ruth, Keno, Taylorsville. New Oil Fields Lincoln County.—On March 10, 1943, the California Company completed its Smith No. I in sec. 4, T. 7 N., R. 7 E., Lincoln County, as an oil well and produced 29 bbl. of 25" gravity oil in 24 hr. through a fi-in. choke. Two outpost wells have been drilled in this area by the California Company, and both have been abandoned as dry holes. Madison County. —Love Petroleum Co. completed its J. R. Anderson No. 2, sec. 2, T. 8 N., R. I W., Madison County, on Sept. 7, 1943. This well produced 135 bbl. of approximately 30" gravity- oil in 24 hr. through a )/4-in. choke. The production comes from a sand or porosity in the upper part of the Chalk formation of the Cretaceous age. Adams County.—The California Company drilled its National Gasoline Co. of Louisiana No. I in sec. 52, T. 7 N., R. I W., to a total depth of 10,383 ft., and at 10,280 ft, it perforated and obtained gas and a condensate. The well had several showings in the Wilcox of the Eocene age. Several of these showings were tested and the well finally was completed at 5888 ft. on Oct. 6, 1943, producing 44" gravity oil in the second sand in this formation. No other wells were completed in this field during the year. However, a number of wells are contemplated in the near future, and locations have been staked by the California Company. The Oklahoma Pipe Line Co. will market the oil through its pipe-line facilities. Wayne County.—The Gulf Refining Co. drilled Davis No. I in sec. 2, T. 9 N., R. 9 W. in Wayne County. After several stem tests 545'-in. casing was set at 6850 ft. and production was obtained in the so-called Massive Sand of the Lower Tuscaloosa. The well produced 359 bbl. of oil in 24 hr., and it Was completed on Oct. 4, 1943. Other locations have been staked ill this area and probably will be drilled in 1944 by

Jan 1, 1944

By Thomas, J. Elmer

WHEN the price of crude oil was advanced on July 26, 1928, with some 4,000,000 bbl. daily of potential production shut in under proration regulations, and with as much more new production shortly available from semi-proved undrilled reserves, students of the oil industry were made to realize that a new order of things now prevailed in petroleum economics. A new interpretation of the law of supply and demand had taken the place of the archaic method of influencing current production by changing crude price levels. Proration had caused the change. The long period of over-production just experienced, the prospects of a potential over-supply far into the future, had set up certain forces which brought about some fundamental changes. Their cause, effect and future influence can best be developed by a detailed study of the history of the period since war-time regulation

Jan 1, 1928

P. W. BRIDGMAN.-Owing to a misunderstanding, I did not see Dr. McAdam's and Dr. MacGregor's remarks on my paper on Flow and Fracture (Metals Technology, December 1944, Pp. 32-38), until after their publication. Both Dr. McAdam and Dr. MacGregor speak of my analysis for the stress distribution at the neck of a tension specimen as containing several assumptions; in particular, that the strain is uniform across the section of the neck, that there is no hoop tension at the periphery, and that the plasticity conditions of von Mises hold. As far as the mathematics goes, the situation is no different in this problem of plastic flow than in a conventional problem of elasticity. That solution is unique which satisfies the boundary conditions on the stresses, the stress equations of equilibrium, and in addition the constitutive equations connecting stress and strain in the elastic case, or a corresponding set of equations, of which the von Mises relations are a special form, in the plastic case. In the particular case of the necked tension specimen I have found that there is a solution satisfying the boundary conditions, the stress equations of equilibrium, and the von Mises plasticity conditions in which the strain is uniform across the section, and there is no hoop tension at the periphery. This is therefore the solution, and the uniformity of strain and vanishing of hoop tension at the periphery are to be described as discoveries, over which the operator has no control, rather than as assumptions. The only part of the solution that can properly be described as an assumption is the von Mises plasticity condition. With regard to this it is to be noted that the condition is needed only in a much weakened form, for the analysis uses the condition only at the neck, where the strain is approximately constant. Thus, in the extreme case referred to in a footnote of my paper (p. 37, Met. Tech. Dec. 1944) the actually measured strain across the section varies from 2.4 to 2.6. Obviously it is a much weaker assumption to postulate that the von Mises condition holds in the strain range 2.4 to 2.6 than to assume it to hold for the entire range of strain from o up to 2.6, which would be necessary if the solution applied to the entire tension specimen rather than to the immediate region of the neck only. Furthermore, it is to be commented that under the special conditions of this problem the von Mises condition becomes identical with the maximum shearing-stress criterion of plastic flow; this amounts also to a weakening of the restrictions imposed by the von Mises condition. Dr. MacGregor refers to actual experiments of his own in which the strain was found not to be uniform across the neck. It is to be emphasized, however, that these were experiments on bars of rectangular section, and that the nonuniformity established was a nonuniformity around the perimeter, not a nonuniformity from the surface toward the axis. My method of solution applies only to a circular cross section. It can be said that the solution that satisfies the boundary conditions, etc., would definitely not be expected to demand a uniform strain for noncircular sections. In discussing my results, Dr. McAdam uses a definition of "flow stress" different from mine, so that the immediate applica-

Jan 1, 1945

Since the comprehensive review of the Persian fields presented by Sir John Cadman last year, operations have proceeded normally. No developments of especial importance fall to be recorded and it remains only to bring up to date the full information given at the beginning of 1933. Controlled production from the Masjid-i-Sulaiman and Haft Kel fields has been maintained at slightly higher rates than during 1932. The figures for the past five years are as follows: These represent crude oil and products piped to the coast but exclude products reinjected into the reservoir, a process that has been in continuous operation at Masjid-i-Sulaiman during the period under review. The systematic delimitation of the Haft Kel field has been continued during the past year and results have been sufficiently encouraging to justify the inception of a wider scheme for distribution of production. Drilling has been resumed recently in the Persian sector of the Naft Khaneh field, and preliminary survey work is in progress for the selection of a site for a refinery at Kermanshah arid the construction of a connecting pipe line. Investigations in connection with the scientific control of reservoir were dealt with in considerable detail in last year's review. This work has been steadily pursued during 1933 and certain of the investigations have been the subject of papers presented to the World Petroleum Congress held in London in July of last year.

Jan 1, 1934

By L. C. Graton

[CONTENTS PAGE INTRODUCTION AND ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. By George M. Fowler2 Question 1-Is Structural Deformation of Some Character Always Necessary for the Migration of Mineralizing Solutions, Especially in Limestone or Other Dense Rock? DISCUSSION by: A. M. Bateman 10 S. F. Kelly 15 C. H. Behre, Jr 8, 13 G. B. Langford 13 T. M. Broderick11 H. E. McKinstry6 R. H. Clarke 13 D. H. McLaughlin8 J. D. Forrester for M. H. Gidel . . . 4 W. H. Newhouse13 G. M. Fowler 2, 6, 11 R. H. Sales 6 L. C. Graton 11 Edward Sampson 12 R. D. Hoffman 10 J. S. Stevenson 7 I. B. Joralemon11 L. B. Wright 2 Question 2-What Are Some of the Chemical and Physical Characteristics in Certain Beds within a Limestone Formation that Determine Their Favorable or Unfavorable Aspects as Reservoirs for Ore and Other Introduced Minerals? DISCUSSION by: G. W. Bain 17G. M. Fowler 21 C. H. Behre, Jr21L. C. Graton18 J. S. Brown 16G. F. Loughlin18 E. L. Bruce 19R. H. Sales 19 R. H. Clarke 20A. K. Snelgrove 20 Question 3-Are There Any Criteria by Which One Can Determine When Mining Operations Have Reached the Roots of an Ore Deposit? DISCUSSION by: J. M. Boutwell29G. B. Langford 29 T. M. Broderick28G. F. Loughlin25 E. Y. Dougherty27R. H. Sales 24 G. M. Fowler 22F. A. Thomson 26 I. B. Joralemon 22Edward Wisser 30 General S. F. Kelly35 References36

Jan 1, 1940

Jan 1, 1970

Jan 1, 1969

THOSE NOT MARKED ARE MEMBERS; MARKED THUS ? ARE ASSOCIATES. HEAVY-FACED TYPE SIGNIFIES HONORARY MEMBERSHIP. JUNIOR ASSOCIATES ARE MARKED II. THE FIGURES AT THE END OF THE ADDRESS INDICATE THE YEAR OF ELECTION. ?AARONSON, ALFRED E Pres., Tuloma Oil Co., Unity Bldg., Tulsa, Okla. '18 ABADIE, EMILE R., Min. Engr Box 291, Porterville, Tulare Co., Cal. '76 ABBOTT, CLARENCE E., Gen'l Supt., Iron Mines Div., Tenn. Coal, Iron & R. R. Co. 1405 Minnesota Ave., Bessemer, Ala. '04 ABBOTT, LOUIS BENJAMIN, Chief Engr., Consolidation Coal Co., Elkhorn Div. Jenkins, Ky. 115 ABBOTT, ROBERT R. Met. Engr., Peerless Motor Car Co., Cleveland, Ohio. '12 ABE, ASAKA Fujitagumi Taiwan Office, Taipeh Formosa, Japan. '14 ABEEL, GEORGE H., JR., Cons. Min. Engr., 4111 Lafayette Ave., St. Louis, Mo. '18 ABEY, HIROSHI, Min. & Met. Engr., Arakawa Mine, Mitsubishi Co., Senpoku-gun, Akitaken, Japan. '17 ||ABOUCHAR, S. S., Cia. de Minerales y Metales, S. A. Santa Eulalia Unit, Apt. 70, Chihuahua, Chih., Mexico. '17 ABRAHAMS, A. I 1391 Madison Ave., New York N. Y. '14 ?ACKER, E. O'C., Met., 128 East Washington Lane, Germatown Philadelphia, Pa. '86 ACKER, WILLIAM L., Diamond Drill Contractor... Mears Bldg., Scranton, Pa. '18 ?ACKERMAN, ERNEST R., Pres., Lawrence Portland Cement Co. Plainfield, anion Co.. N. J. '15

Jan 1, 1923

By Edward J. Felten

THE oxidation resistance of chromium and Fe-Cr alloys is increased by small additions of yttrium or other rare earth metals.1,2 In addition, the presence of the additives increases the resistance of these alloys to spalling of the external oxide above 1000°C. This ability to prevent spalling appears to be related to the formation of an internal oxide in alloys containing yttrium or the other rare earth metals. The internal oxide is found in the form of a filamentary growth concentrated in the grain boundaries of the unoxidized metal. In alloys containing yttrium this internal oxide was found to be either Y2O3 Or YCrO3.' In an earlier report,' the growth of the external oxide was found to be controlled by diffusion through the oxide layer. Thermal balance studies were used to establish the kinetics of external oxide formation. In this related study the rate of growth of the internal filamentary oxide has also been studied. The results obtained indicate that the growth of the internal oxide is also diffusion controlled. Internal oxidation appears to occur in at least two ways. Using copper alloys containing small amounts of silicon, Rhines 3 found that between 600" and 1000oC a subscale was formed which consisted of particles of silica dispersed in the metallic matrix. The conditions requisite to internal oxidation as suggested by Rhines are: 1) a solubility of oxygen in the alloy, 2) the ability of oxygen to diffuse at an appreciable rate into the alloy, 3) the possibility of the formation by the alloying element of an oxide more stable than the oxide of the host metal, and 4) a relatively low solubility of this oxide in the metal. These conditions are fulfilled for a number of other copper alloys.3-5 Furthermore, the relationship between the depth to which the internal oxide is formed and the oxidation time follows the simple parabolic law.6 The activation energy for copper containing small amounts of silicon, germanium, iron, or manganese as calculated from Rhines data6 is about 48 kcal per mole. In some cases the internal oxide is found segregated at the grain boundaries, especially near the the surface. Observations of this type of oxide formation have been reported by stead,7 Rhines,* and Lustman. Evans" cites these cases as examples of the simultaneous movement of anions and cations during oxidation. Furthermore, Evans states that the presence of a minor constituent with a high

Jan 1, 1962

By William L. Saunders

Many members of the Institute, who participated in the visit made, during the Bethlehem meeting of February, 1906, to the shops of the Ingersoll-Rand Company, at Phillipsburg, N. J., inspected with interest the new Electric-Air drill, which the company had set up for the purpose of showing it in actual operation to American mining engineers. At the request of the Secretary of the Institute, I promised at that time to prepare a paper for our Transactions, describing the construction and advantages of the machine. But such a paper would then necessarily have contained much that was only expected or claimed by the designers and manufacturers of the drill, and not yet incontrovertibly proved by varied and long-continued practice. However moderate such statements might have been, they would have given inevitably to the paper, to some extent at least, the air of a prospectus, rather than of a technical contribution. I therefore decided, with the Secretary's approval, to postpone the writing of the promised paper until it could set forth the results of adequate actual practice, as well as the latest details of construction, etc., based upon practical experience. That period has now arrived. The Electric-Air drill has been exhaustively tested in the field, under varied and arduous conditions and upon the hardest rocks. It is now fairly in the field; its merits and performances are matters of unimpeachable record, and its place among established competitors can be definitely determined. As a representative of the Ingersoll-Rand Co., as well as a member of the Institute, I may be permitted to add that my company, being largely interested in the manufacture of air-coxpressors and machinery driven by compressed air, has no desire to injure its own business by claiming for this new machine that it should immediately supersede all existing applications of pneumatic transmission of power for drilling. On the

Jan 1, 1908

This discussion was prepared by members of the Phelps Dodge Corpn. staff who were designated to review the minutes. It is confidential but permission has been granted to distribute copies among those who attended the Conference. The minutes of the above conference contain numerous references to the plants and practices of Phelps Dodge Corporation. As many of these references are inaccurate, the following notes are made covering such points: Construction Magnesite Brick in Reverb. Arch (1) An.18" arch, 20 feet long, was built on one furnace with 5 feet on each side of magnesite brick, the center portion .being of silica brick. The furnace was put in operation February 13, 1930 and on April 23rd after 68.8 days' operation it was replaced due to failure of the silica brick forming the center of the arch. At this time, while the silica brick had completely gone, there was 14" of magnesite left. Bridgewall Tapping (2) Tapping matte through the burner wall was first tried at the Copper Queen Smelter in April, 1925. At that time, a copper casting with 1 ½ extra heavy pipes for water cooling cast in it, and having one taphole block was used. Later, on the other (old) furnaces, similar castings, but equipped with two tapholes, were used. We found with these furnaces that we could tap through the burner wall at the beginning of a campaign, but would subsequently have to go back to side wall tapping. This was the case until sometime in 1926. The new furnaces, that went in operation at the beginning of 1927, each had water. cooled castings with two tapholes. These have been used entirely and have been quite successful. Sometime after the furnaces were put into operation sidewall tapholes were put in, simply for the removal of any accumulation of matte that might be temporarily retained at the front end by bridges or dams in the furnace formed by overcharging locally.

Jan 1, 1930

By Henry G. Granger

NOTHING in this paper is to be understood as even suggesting a moment's suspension of the splendid work now going forward on the Isthmus of Panama, except so far as it is related to the proposed locks. All the work already done, and all material purchased or ordered, would be available for the plan herein proposed. The situation and the problem concerned may be summarized as. follows : The scheme of a lock-canal through the Isthmus of Panama was adopted, as is well known, on two principal grounds-namely, the greater expense of a sea-level canal, and the longer time required for its construction. Of these, the latter is believed to have been the more influential. But further developments have diminished the weight of both, so that a reconsideration of the question is warranted. It is the purpose of this paper to advocate such a reconsideration-emphasizing the importance of certain objections to the lock-canal not mentioned or not duly appreciated in the report of those members of the International Board of Consulting Engineers who favored this form; showing the nature and bearing of the new facts developed; and, finally, proposing a combination of well-known methods and apparatus, which would, in my judgment, effect the construction of a sea-level canal in less time, and perhaps at no greater cost, than will be required for the remaining work on the lock-canal. I. OBJECTIONS TO A LOCK-CANAL. 1. Earthquakes. Two centuries ago Panama is said to have been destroyed by an earthquake. In 1882 a rather violent earthquake was felt at the southern end of the Isthmus. In 1898 I felt a slight shock near the present border-line of Colombia. In 1900 I felt three shocks at Quibdo, the head of navigation of the

Jan 1, 1909

Jan 1, 1959

NEW MEMBERS. The following list comprises the names of those persons who became members during the month of April, 1913: BARNES, BLAKESLEE, Min. Engr Burrwood, La. BOYLSTON, HERBERT M., Cons. Met. Engr 26 Abbot Bldg., Cambridge, Mass. BUEHLER, HENRY A., State Geol Rolla, Mo. CASTO, WILLIAM H., JR., Mining Bonanza, Idaho. COHEN, MAXWELL B., Mill Operator Miami, Ariz. EVANS, MILTON R., Shop Draftsman 92 Division St., Kingston, Pa. HARPER, WALTER S., Asst. Treas 42 Broadway, New York, N. Y. JAMES. JAMES S.. Min. Engr Telluride. Colo.

Jan 5, 1913

Jan 1, 1969

Jan 1, 1959