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By Malcolm R. Gent

"The presence in Saskatchewan of sixteen kimberlite pipes of probable late Albian age has been reported. An abundance of aeromagnetic anomalies possibly attributable to kimberlite pipes have been identified and it is anticipated that industry has acquired reasonable proof of the presence of more than seventy k imberlite pipes in Saskatchewan. Historical reports of diamonds, the discovery of kimberlite pipes and these aeromagnetic anomalies indicate the Phanerozoic Basin and some parts of the exposed Shield in Saskatchewan have an excellent potential f or the occurrence of economically exploitable diamond deposits. The presence of some igneous minerals found in some salt solution breccias also indicates the probable occurrence of extensive diatreme activity during the Devonian.A Laramide Orogeny-induced crustal hinging or arching of the eastern margin of the Phanerozoic Basin and probably dextral wrenching-induced arching and faulting within the basin are proposed as major factors in the emplacement of Cretaceous or younger kimberlites. Zones of crustal weakness between subcratonic Archean blocks and internal faults are also thought to be significant controlling factors in the location of kimberlites in Saskatchewan.Mapped aeromagnetic anomalies interpreted as being possibly due to kimberlite pipes generally tend to be concentrated in, areas underlain by a basement of or with components of Archean age. Within Saskatchewan, these anomalies occur within the probable Trans-Hudson Orogen zone; the Rae-Hearn Craton margin; and the northeast flank of the Elkpoint Basin. Recognized areas of potential f or kimberlite emplacement are the Phanerozoic basin margin, the western limit of the Superior Province adjoining the Churchill Province, and a swath approximately 150m wide along the northeast-southwest trending Shaunavon linear and other areas of inner basin arching."

Jan 1, 1992

By Lloyd A. Clark

"The kuroko deposits, which are extremely variable in size, comprise both stratiform layers of clastic sulphide particles and cross-cutting vein and disseminated components. The ores lie on the flanks of rhyolitic lava domes which have risen from a postulated subvolcanic magma chamber that provided cupriferous hydrothermal solutions and also acted as a heat source driving ground-water convecting cells. The polymetallic sulphides precipitated initially in explosion craters, pipe fillings and feeder veins as rising hydrothermal solutions mixed with sea water. As sulphides clogged the plumbing system, minor phreatomagmatic explosions produced layers of sulphide fragments on the adjacent sea floor. One to ten repetitions of this process produced multiple fragmental sulphide beds. Each deposit formed in a relatively short space of time, because only minor tuff beds are intercalated in spite of active volcanicity in the region. In this model, the heated ground waters convecting through thick piles of acidic pyroclastic rocks leach the zinc, lead and barium later deposited as kuroko ores. As the subvolcanic pluton cools, the supply of silica and copper wanes and the minor counter-circulation cells above the pluton are replaced by main cell fluids bearing zinc, etc. This change in solution flow is abrupt rather than gradual, as the plumbing system is somewhat disrupted by the magmatophreatic explosions that create each ore layer.IntroductionKnowledge of the kuroko deposits ha s greatly expanded during the 25 years since modern recognition of their volcanogenic origin. However, one aspect of the ore s, which may be of unique importance in their genesis, has received little attention. That is the fragmental character of much o f the sulphide ore, which was briefly referred to in a previous publication (Clark, 1971) and is examined in more detail by Barton (1978). Most researcher s have concentrated their attention on or e deposition above and beyond the vent, which is inconsistent with the geology."

Jan 1, 1983

By Pierre Beaudoin, Michel Bourassa, Robert Lanthier, Samir Chéfaï

"Mine Doyon, in collaboration with CRM's Process Control Division, improved the control strategy at the SAG mill I Ball mill grinding circuit. The project aimed at increasing operation stability and throughput. First, a needs analysis was achieved in order to define the control philosophy and to upgrade the process control equipments and instrumentation. The stabilizing control strategy has been developed and implemented successfully using single loop PID controllers. The monitoring feature as well as the rule based supervisory control strategy were implemented on 486PCs running Process Vision and COMDALE/C softwares. Main features of the control strategy are described in this paper while results are presented and discussed.RésuméLa Mine Doyon, en collaboration avec le service de contrôle des procédés du CRM, a optimisé la stratégie de contrôle au circuit de broyage. Les objectifs du projet étaient !'amélioration de la stabilité de !'ensemble de !'opération et la maximisation du tonnage usiné. Une analyse de besoins a été réalisée pour concevoir la philosophie de contrôle et déterminer les ajouts a apporter a I 'instrumentation et au systeme de contrôle. Une stratégie de contrôle à deux niveaux, integrant stabilisation et supervision, a été developpee et mise en opération. La regulation est réalisee par une combinaison de contrôleurs Moore de type PID. Le monitoring et la stratégie de contrôle a base de règles soot implantés sur des micro-ordinateurs de type PC/486 avec les logiciels ProcessVision et Comdale/C. Les principaux aspects de Ia stratégie de contrôle sont décrits dans cet article et les résultats obtenus soot présentés et discutés."

Jan 1, 1995

By Al Hoffman

During the period May 15 ? 17, 2006 four fatalities occurred at #1 Waste Dump, at Teck Cominco?s Sullivan mine located at the city boundary of Kimberley, British Columbia, Canada. The fatalities occurred in the sump of a water monitoring station. The Chief Inspector of Mines and his staff immediately responded to the incident. The team worked collaboratively with the Teck Ltd. Trail Hazmat team, a consultant group from Rescan Ltd. and other Teck operation and technical staff. Sampling in and around the water monitoring station in the days following the fatalities showed that exposure to a depleted oxygen environment was the immediate cause of the fatalities. The sump located at the base of the shed was hydraulically connected to a French (coarse rock) drain, located at the toe of the covered waste dump. This presentation will briefly review the immediate cause of the accident, the investigation, a brief introduction to the work of the Sullivan Technical panel and the British Columbia government?s response to the incident and the recommendations of the Coroner?s inquest.

May 1, 2010

? The Mining Association of British Columbia (MABC) was established through an Act of Parliament in 1901 ? The MABC represents the interests of B.C.?s ? Coal and mineral mining companies ? Smelting companies ? Advanced stage development projects ? Key areas of work: ? Environment, Health and Safety ? Policy & Government Relations ? Knowledge and Information Services

May 1, 2008

By Didier Fohlen

Three Policy Shifts to enhance IFC?s Accountability ? Comprehensive and dynamic treatment of social, health, safety and environmental risks ?Covers a range of risks encountered by clients in emerging markets ?Framework to anticipate risks and to address them as they arise ?Includes community development, biodiversity, human rights ... ? Effective principles to guide an outcomes-based approach ?By clients and IFC ?Focus on broad community support and value-added sustainable development initiatives Enhanced governance, transparency and disclosure

May 1, 2006

By Andrew Popko

Introducing EnCana ?? A leading North American Oil and Gas company ?? Focused on natural gas and oil sands development in 12 key resource play areas across North America ?? In 2007, over 4300 wells drilled, producing about Enterprise value of approximately $50 billion ?? Invest between $5.8 Billion in 2007 ?? Over 7500 employees ?? Headquarters ? Calgary, AB

May 1, 2008

By Nichols. R. S.

"Surface coal mining production from Elk Valley and area in southeastern British Columbia began in 1913. Since 1970, five open-pit mines have been put into production: Westar Mining&apos;s Hanner and Greenhills Operations; Fording Coal&apos;s Fording River Operation; Byron Creek Collieries&apos; Coal Mountain Mine and Crows Nest Resources&apos; Line Creek Operation.ln 1983 these mines produced 14.9 million tonnes of raw coal at an average strip ratio of 4.9 bank cubic metres of waste to 1.0 tonne of raw coal. This is 70% of the estimated 21.1 M tonnes annual capacity .Multiple seams are recovered with truck/shovel and dragline equipment. There is a wide range of equipment types in use with a recent trend toward larger and more mobile equipment.Coal mining in Elk Valley involves advancing along strike in four steps: hangingwall waste removal; seam cleaning; coal recovery; and foot wall waste removal. Each mine is unique in its approach to these four steps but the truck/shovel methods can be categorized into three main groups: seam dips < 35 degrees as at Harmer, Fording and Greenhills; seam dips 35 to 50 degrees as at Line Creek; and seam dips >50 degrees as at Byron Creek. Dragline mining at Fording involves bath waste and coal removal by draglines."

Jan 1, 1984

By Scott Hommema

? Bitumen in the oil sand averages Bitumen 12 wt%; water makes up 4 wt% ? Imperial Oil (operator) and ExxonMobil developing Kearl Leases #6, 36, 87 (~200 sq. km) ? Target resource > 4 Billion Barrels ? 3 Phase development, ~100 kbd per phase High-quality resource ? Surface mineable bitumen ? Average properties (full lease) ? TV:BIP < 8 ? Grade > 12 wt% bitumen ? Ore thickness of 40 m ? Overburden thickness of 20 m Status ? Phase 1 ? Front end engineering and design underway ? Detailed engineering to start 2008

May 1, 2008

By C. O. Aksoy

"Pillars left to ensure the stability of major underground coal mine infrastructure (shafts, drifts) often contain substantial quantities of coal. Recovery of this coal is an efficient use of the resource, but often presents safety hazards; pillar extraction destabilizes the protected structure, and can make its use dangerous. In this study, the stability of an active shaft at an underground coal mine situated in the Soma- Manisa region of Turkey was investigated during the recovery of the coal in the shaft safety pillar.A proprietary three-dimensional finite element analysis model (ANSYS) was used. An elastic-plastic material model utilizing the Drucker-Prager failure criterion was employed. The three-dimensional Drucker-Prager formulation was preferred over the two-dimensional Mohr-Coulomb model because it was thought to more accurately represent the strain hardening behaviour shown by most geologic materials.Stresses and deformations formed around the shaft support were estimated using the model and the results were verified by in situ observations. The results show that stress distributions around the shaft and the subsidence of the shaft support are influenced by the location location of the extraction front and the break angle of the overlying material."

Jan 1, 2005

By Derek J. Barratt

This paper compares a number of operating conventional and semi-autogenous grinding circuits and analyzes them in regard to operating and capital costs, specifically as applied to porphyry copper ores.

Jan 1, 1979

Who is ArcelorMittal Mines Canada ?One of Canada&apos;s leading suppliers of iron ore to steel markets around the world ?Past company name = ??Quebec Cartier Mining?? ?Operator of one of North America&apos;s largest open-pit mines ?Mont Wright Mines ?Fire Lake Mine ?Largest ArcelorMittal iron ore mining subsidiary ?Annual production of 15 million tonnes of concentrate ?Major expansion program to 24 MT/Y ?Internationally competitive pellet plant ?9.0 million tonnes annually

May 1, 2011

By David A. Grieve, David E. Pearson

"A rank-map of Crowsnest coalfield, showing the distribution of the bituminous coal measures and the locations of major structures, has been produced from vitrinite reflectance measurements on over600coal samples. The timing of coalification in relation to these major structures has also been determined.In the west-central portion of the coalfield a complete stratigraphic succession of coal measures which rides on major thrust surf aces is all of high-volatile bituminous rank, but despite the structural discordance no break in rank is discernible across these structures. The thrust faults therefore predate much of the coalification.Three major valleys expose cross sections of the folded coal measures and in each an increase invitrinite reflectance is demonstrable as individual seams are traced from ridge crest to valley floor. Thus, in these sections, a significant amount of coalification post-dates folding. The proportion of this post-folding coalification is found to increase toward the south of the coalfield.A late gravity-fault, exposed along the east crop of the coalfield, places high-volatile coal-bearing successions in contact with low-volatile coal and demonstrably is a reactivated thrust fault. Coalification at this locality occurred between these two different ages of faulting.The variations in rank and the subtleties of the coalification pattern have, together with systematic changes in the maceral composition of coal seams, had a profound effect on coal quality in the coalfield. Coking coals with a variety of properties occur together with some coals that have no caking capacity."

Jan 1, 1985

By P. R. A. Andrews, I. Jackman

"A mineral processing investigation to recover chromite was performed at Lakefield Research, under the guidance of CANMET personnel, on a 70 tonne ore sample from the Bird River deposit in Manitoba. In the laboratory phase a flowsheet was developed which involved grinding, gravity separation and flotation. The gravity concentrates were upgraded by magnetic separation and the flotation concentrates by gravity concentration . Pre-concentration by electronic ore sorting, magnetic separation and heavy media separation also was examined.The developed flowsheet was applied on a pilot-plant scale in the second phase of the testwork to the ore as received, and to ore pre-concentrated by electronic ore sorting and magnetic separation. Ore pre-concentrated by heavy-media separation was treated on a laboratory scale based on the pilot-plant flowsheet ,Processing the are as received resulted I n 77% recovery of chromite in a concentrate analyzing 30% Cr20 J; processing are pre-concentrated by electronic are sorting resulted in 64% recovery of chromite in a concentrate analyzing 30.5% Cr20J."

Jan 1, 1988

By P. R. A. Andrews, I. Jackman

"A mineral processing investigation to recover chromite was performed at Lakefield Research, under the guidance of CANMET personnel, on a 70 tonne ore sample from the Bird River deposit in Manitoba. In the laboratory phase a flowsheet was developed which involved grinding, gravity separation and flotation. The gravity concentrates were upgraded by magnetic separation and the flotation concentrates by gravity concentration. Pre-concentration by electronic ore sorting, magnetic separation and heavy media separation also was examined.The developed flowsheet was applied on a pilot-plant scale in the second phase of the testwork to the ore as received, and to ore pre-concentrated by electronic ore sorting and magnetic separation. Ore pre-concentrated by heavy-media separation was treated on a laboratory scale based on the pilot-plant flowsheet.Processing the are as received resulted in 77% recovery of chromite in a concentrate analyzing 30% Cr20 J; processing are pre-concentrated by electronic are sorting resulted in 64% recovery of chromite in a concentrate analyzing 30.5% Cr20J.IntroductionA five-year mineral development sub-agreement was signed between the federal government and the province of Manitoba in 1984. The purpose of the agreement was to establish a work program which would strengthen and diversify the mineral resource industry of Manitoba. Basically, the agreement covers three sectors: Sector A, geoscience; Sector B, mining and minerals technology research; and Sector C, development studies.Project selection involved input from industry, federal and provincial representatives. In the case of industrial mineral s, the selection was initiated at a meeting held at the offices of the Department of Mines and Energy, Winnipeg, Manitoba, in October 1985. One such project was the evaluation of the chromite ore deposits at Bird River, Manitoba."

Jan 1, 1988

By R. Pakalnis, D. Tenney, B. Lang

"This paper describes three case histories whereby numerical methods were employed as a tool in the identification of potential instability. Simple two dimensional (PCBEM) and pseudo three-dimensional (BESOL, MINTAB) codes were employed to identify zones of induced stress which were subsequently related to extensometer, stress meter and observational data as the stope was excavated. The following case histories will be discussed. MacLellan Mine - sill pillar stability; Ruttan Mine-Hanging Wall Stability; and Detour Lake Mine-narrow vein mining.The MacLellan case history showed how modelling and instrumentation enabled mining to be conducted safely and under controlled conditions. MINTAB and PCBEM were employed to predict sill pillar failure. The sill pillar failure was associated, with an unloading of stress which was recorded by instrumentation (stress meter) and a decrease in the over-all rock mass strength. The yielded pillar, however, maintained its over-all configuration enabling access through the pillar.The Ruttan case history is an example of hangingwall and footwall design whereby the existence of adverse structure coupled with a zone of relaxation results in dilution. BESOL and PCBEM were employed to model a test stope and to verify the observations and measurements through instrumentation . Empirical methods of dilution estimates are employed to determine the level of walls lough with respect to the rock mass rating, stope dimensions and rate of excavation.The Detour Lake case history in an example of open stoping a narrow steeply dipping deposit. Stope dimensions are 135m in strike length, 47 m in vertical height with an average width (F/W to H/W) of3.6 m. Stress meters coupled with visual observations are related to modelled estimates of stress and dilution."

Jan 1, 1991

By O. E. Humeniuk, A. I. A. Salama, M. W. Mikhail

"Performance testing of prepartion plants is referred to as plant audit. It evaluates plant performance under normal operating conditions and is aimed at improving yield through knowledge of actual process performance and interactions between different processes in a plant.This paper describes the program to evaluate the performance of several Canadian preparation plants. The performance test requires the planning of a sampling campaign that would include all circuits in the plant. Samples are analyzed to determine washing characteristics (screen and float-sink), ash and per cent solids of feed and products of separation units in the plant. Performance characteristics are established based on analysis and material balance. Specific recommendations can then be made to improve recovery, and identify and explain potential causes of apparent deficiencies.The objectives of the program are to reduce the cost of production by improving recovery of clean coal and, in tum, to reduce disposed tailings, establish baseline information on coal preparation plants performance in Canada, and define R&D work needed to optimize plant operation."

Jan 1, 1993

By C. Beaudry

Outline ? General Geology of Frieda River Project Area ? Exploration History ? Geology of Porphyry Deposits ? Porphyry Resource ? Update of Nena Deposit and High-Sulfidation Mineralization ? Nena Resource

May 1, 2006

By D. King

Outline ? Regional Geology and Deposit types ? PM Deposit Exploration History and FNX?s Exploration Strategy ? Deposit Geology and Interpretation ? Resource Estimation ? Reconciliation ? Conclusions ? Breccia of comminuted footwall rocks from passage of shock wave due to meteorite impact ? Matrix ?pseudotachylite?-like? ? Variable re-crystallization of matrix due to thermal metamorphism &/or alteration

May 1, 2006

By Bennett McLaughlin, Gille Brousseau, John F. Cook

"La Mine Bousquet commenced operations in October 1979. Mining has been by underground methods from two main zones which dip steeply to the south , Sub-level stoping methods with following fill are used.The orebody and immediate country rocks are sericitic and highly schistose. The intensity of schistosity varies significantly and poor ground conditions prevail, especially within the orebody,Initially few mining problems were encountered but in May 1981, significant damage occurred. A system of stabilizing pillars was introduced with improved support systems. Predevelopment in ore and pre-drilling of blastholes were reduced with extra footwall development.Damage has continued to occur on a regular basis particularly during the spring thaw. Generally, the adverse conditions have been successfully overcome.IntroductionMost of the mining problems that have been experienced at Bousquet have been caused by poor ground conditions . This pa per describes these conditions, considers the cause and describes the ways in which the conditions have been dealt with . Despite the problems, Bousquet is a successful operation which in 1983 produced 95,000 ozs of gold from 514,000 tons of ore."

Jan 1, 1985