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  • IMMS
    Resource/Reserve Estimation Of Marine Diamond Deposits

    By Luc Rombouts

    The resources and reserves calculation of marine diamond deposits should be based on a systematic sampling grid. The distribution of the sample grade results tends to be very skew and has a large vari

    Jan 1, 1998

  • IMMS
    Sand Mining For The Restoration Of Waikiki Beach

    By Michael J. Cruickshank

    The State of Hawaii has expressed concern over deterioration of the tourist beaches at Waikiki, which are becoming seriously depleted of sand. In this report the options for acquisition, transportatio

    Jan 1, 1991

  • IMMS
    Marine Survey Methodology Of The Surficial Geology And Morphology Of Northwestern Graham Island

    By Brian D. Bornhold

    A comprehensive multi-disciplinary marine geological survey of northwestern Graham Island, Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia, Canada was conducted by Offshore Survey and Positioning Services L

    Jan 1, 1985

  • IMMS
    Platinum And Palladium In Co-Rich Ferromanganese Crust Deposits

    By B. Prause

    Ferromanganese crust samples collected from Central Pacific sea-mount areas became of special interest after surprisingly high nobel metal contents have been analyzed. Hydrogenetic crust growth is con

    Jan 1, 1989

  • IMMS
    New Approaches To Mineral Exploration Off The Southwest Pacific Island Nations

    By D. S. Cronan

    Mineral exploration problems in the S.W. Pacific are not unique to that region, but a combination of favourable circumstances render it an ideal area to attempt to solve such problems. The land are

    Jan 1, 1985

  • IMMS
    Massive Sulfides from Ancient and Modern Margins of the Asian Paleo-ocean and Pacific: Textures, Mineralogy and Fluid Inclusion Data

    By G. A. Tret’yakov, V. A. Simonov, I. Yu. Melekestseva, V. V. Zaykov, N. N. Ankusheva

    The Kyzyl-Tashtyg massive sulfide polymetallic deposit is situated 120 km north-east of Kyzyl (the capital of Tuva Republic, Russia). It is located in the Ulug-O volcanic zone which is interpreted a

  • IMMS
    Mineralogy Of Polymetallic Nodules In The Central Mexican Pacific

    By Mayumy Amparo Cabrera-Ramírez

    Polymetallic nodules are a widespread resource in the Pacific Ocean, particularly in the areas of Clarion-Clipperton (Cronan, 2000). The most abundant mineral phases are formed by iron and manganese o

    Jan 1, 2011

  • IMMS
    Modeling of Methane Plume Behavior in a Water Column

    By Daisuke Monoe, Kisaburo Nakata, Rika Takeuchi, Tetsuo Yamazaki, Tomoaki Oomi, Tomohiko Fukushima

    There are generally two methane passes in conjunction with the seafloor natural cold seepages, as is schematically shown in Fig. 1. The first pass consists of the coupled anaerobic oxidation of methan

    Sep 24, 2006

  • IMMS
    Waste Rejection on Seafloor by Slurry Flashing for Economic Seafloor Massive Sulfide Mining

    By Yuta Yamamoto

    Seafloor massive sulfides (SMS) which contain Au, Ag, Cu, Zn, and Pb have been interested in as a target of commercial mining these 15 years. Japan has large potential of SMS and a national R&D projec

    Sep 14, 2011

  • IMMS
    The Role of Bimodal Magmatism and its Products in Volcanogenic Massive Sulfide Ore-Forming Systems: A Case Study from the Middle Okinawa Trough, Japan

    By Toru Yamasaki

    "Bimodal lithostratigrafic assemblages are of significance in volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS)-hosted lithology. The largest deposits are either bimodal-siliciclastic or maficsiliciclastic, and the

    Jan 1, 2017

  • IMMS
    Gold Mineralization in Ancient and Modern Massive Sulfide Deposits Associated with Ultramafic Rocks

    By I. Yu. Melekestseva, V. V. Zaykov

    Paleooceanic structures of the Urals fold belt contain different volcanic-hosted massive sulfide deposits of the Urals, Kuroko and Cyprus types [Prokin, Buslaev, 1999]. Small Cobearing massive sulfid

    Aug 24, 2006

  • IMMS
    Mineralogy and Chemistry of Ferromanganese Nodules in the Campbell Nodule Field

    By Hunsoo Choi, Sung Rock Lee, Ian J. Graham, Ian C. Wright

    This is a part of the joint KIGAM-GNS-NIWA 3-year study of ferromanganese modules in the Campbell Nodule Field, east of Campbell Plateau to determine age distribution, growth rates and geochemical evo

    Aug 24, 2006

  • IMMS
    Hydrogenetic Fe-Mn Crusts From The Atlantic And Pacific Oceans: Geological Evolution And Conditions Of Formation

    By Irina A. Pulyaeva

    Hydrogenetic Fe-Mn crusts are ubiquitous in the ocean basins and play an important role in marine mineral-deposit research because of their widespread occurrence and high concentrations of valuable an

    Jan 1, 2011

  • IMMS
    Cobalt-Rich Crust Continuum Of Seamounts In The Central Pacific

    By Alexander Malahoff

    Accumulation of cobalt -rich ferromanganese crusts on Pacific seamounts located off-ridge in the Hawaiian EEZ, represents a complex process that involves geologic aging of the seamounts, geographic tr

    Jan 1, 1991

  • IMMS
    A New Concept Of Easy Pre-Site Survey Method Of Deep Sea Hydrothermal Deposits

    By Shinichi Takagawa

    The deep sea hydrothermal deposits are one of the most prospecting resources, and various works to develop these mines are now underway. There are also various methods for the pre-site survey of th

    Jan 1, 2011

  • IMMS
    Polymetallic Nodules as a Future Deep Sea Mineral Resource

    By U. Schwarz-Schampera, C. Rühlemann, H. -R. Kudrass

    Within 2006 BGR will conclude a contract with the UN International Seabed Authority (ISA) for the exploration of polymetallic nodules. The contract covers an area in the Pacific nodule belt between th

    Aug 24, 2006

  • IMMS
    Application of Radiometric Dating Methods to Modern Seafloor Volcanic Massive Sulfide Deposits: Insights into Hydrothermal Processes

    By Robert G. Ditchburn, Cornel E. J. de Ronde, Bernard J. Barry

    The age of mineralization, its mode of formation, the time elapsed to amass an economic deposit, its capacity for sustainable extraction and, ultimately, its grade and tonnage, are key aspects in th

  • IMMS
    MARTEMIS – An Electromagnetic Coil System for the Detection of Buried Seafloor Massive Sulfides

    By S. Hölz, M. Jegen, K. Reeck, A. Haroon

    Past investigations of seafloor massive sulfides (SMS) focused on actively forming sites. New technologies are needed to explore for SMS deposits which have finished their active phase and are possibl

    Jan 1, 2018

  • IMMS
    Submarine Hydrothermal Activity and Mineralization on the Kurile and Western Aleutian Island Arcs, NW Pacific

    By T. Semkova, G. Cherkashov, V. Rashidov, L. Anikeeva, G. Gavrilenko, G. Glasby

    The Kurile Arc consists of at least 100 submarine volcanoes and 5 submarine calderas located mainly in the rear arc (Figure 1). The arc is seismically very active, particularly in the south, and is

  • IMMS
    The Escanaba Trough, Southern Gorda Ridge: Sulfide Deposits And Hydrothermal Processes At A Sediment-Covered Spreading Axis Within The U.S. Exclusive Economic Zone

    By Randolph A. Koski

    Since 1985, numerous constructional sulfide-sulfate deposits in the form of mounds, pinnacles, chimneys, and sheets have been located between 40°45' and 41°05'N latitude in Escanaba Trough,

    Jan 1, 1988