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By R. o. Cretier, L. A. Cisternas, A. López-Valdivieso, F. Valdes, E. Gálvez, G. Gahona

The size of the particle plays an important role in the flotation of minerals. Comminution allows the release of valuable species and their subsequent recovery. Then, the degree of concentration and recovery will depend on the size of the particle. In this work, we investigated the flotation of coarse particles (-850 +150 μm) of copper ores when using the fluidized-bed separator (HydroFloat® cell) and compared it with the process of conventional flotation with medium size particle (-150 μm) (Metso cell) using seawater. The collector concentration was the main variable studied in terms of copper recovery. The results show that the flotation of coarse particles is feasible using seawater without frother

Jan 1, 2020

By A. Muller

The magnesia-carbon refractories used in the ConArc process experience severe wear as a result of the varying slag composition during the blowing phase. This work determines the basicity range in which minimum as well as maximum refractory wear was experienced by the magnesia-carbon refractories during service. In order to determine an optimum slag composition, the crucible test in an induction furnace was used. The magnesia-carbon refractory bricks were cut into cylindrical crucibles to which a synthetic slag in the form of pellets was added. The basicity (B2) of the slag was varied from 0.5 to 3. Tests were done at 1 600°C for one hour. Apart from the crucible test in an induction furnace, visual inspection and SEM analysis were also done to investigate the corrosion mechanism. FACTSage® predictions about the interaction between refractories and slag were also done. These predictions were compared to the actual results attained. It was found that the extent of corrosion by slag attack decreases as the basicity increases. The most severe corrosion of the MgO-C refractories occurred at a basicity of 0.5 whereas the optimum basicity is above 2.0. SEM analysis indicated severe slag attack at the lower basicities with no visible refractory-slag interaction at higher basicities. TheFACTSage® predictions supported most of the actual findings. Keywords Magnesia-carbon, ConArc, blowing phase, slag resistance, induction furnace, crucibles.

Jan 1, 2011

The May General Meeting of the Institute was held in Kelvin House, Johannesburg on 20th May, at 4.30 p.m. Mr V. C. Robinson (Vice-President) was in the Chair in the absence, overseas, of the President, Mr J. K. E. Douglas. There were also present 16 Fellows: Messrs J. A. Adamson, R. S. J. du Toit, J. A. Drummond, D. F. A. Grave, T. L. Gibbs, G. H. Grange, D. V. Howat, P. H. Kitto, Dr P. J. LIoyd, Messrs B. H. L. Leach, J. de V. Lambrechts, Dr J. T. McIntyre, Messrs C. S. MacPhail, P. W. van Rensburg, S. G. Taussig, W. S. Rapson. Six Members: Messrs E. L. Atkinson, R. Hemp, Dr J. Martinson, Messrs A. H. Munro, G. J. van Jaarsveld and J. H. Qwilliam. Two Associate Members: Messrs B. H. van Rensburg and H. Triiter. Four Visitors: Prof J. E. Kerrich, Dr G. K. Sluis-Cremer, Messrs D. Kisbey-Green and L. W. Isserow. For Secretariat: Mrs S. de Gersigny. Total present: 27. OBITUARY The Vice-President: "It is my sad duty to announce the death of Stephen Ring, a member who joined the Institute in ]961, and passed away on the 31st of December, 1969. I would ask you all to rise and observe a moment's silence. Thank you." MINUTES The Vice-President: "May we confirm the minutes of the Special General Meeting and Monthly General Meeting, held on 20th February, 1970, as published in the April issue of the Journal?" MEMBERSHIP The Vice-President: "I have much pleasure in announcing that the names of the undermentioned candidates, having been published in accordance with By-Law 5 2.2, Council has elected them to membership of the Institute in the following grades: Fellows: Denis Ian Field, Arthur Cecil Waiter Comyn, John Hall, Leon VercueiI. Members: Jan McLellan Vosloo, Jan van Velze. Graduates: Richard Darnley Beck, John Edward Andrews, Roderick Nowell Randell. Associates: Alexander Duncan Ross, Ian James Terrill. Students: Hendrik Jacobus Oostenwald Prins Smith, Graham Peter Gooding, Rudannes Raath Homan. "I welcome the newly, elected members to the Institute." GENERAL BUSINESS The Vice-President: "Are there any matters which you wish to raise under 'General'? There being no matters to raise under 'General', we will proceed to the next item on the Agenda." PAPER FOR PRESENTATION The Vice-President: "It is my pleasant duty to call on Dr du Toit to deliver his paper, entitled, 'The functional relationship between dust hazard and the rate of collecting funds to pay compensation for pneumoconiosis'." After the presentation of the paper (published in the March Journal) the Vice-President said: "This paper is a very important addition to the considerable volume of work applications on this subject of pneumoconiosis. The disease, in all its various forms, has received attention from many, many great men, both in the medical world, and engineers. The fact that there is this big volume of publications of literature on it still doesn't mean that we can get anywhere beyond the old, simple injunction, that the prevention of pneumoconiosis does not depend on compensation, levies or anything else. It simply depends on allaying dust as quickly as possible. "This paper, however, is another scientific landmark and I think, in a cold and dispassionate way, it sets out some important points in this whole subject of the relationship of the levy - the money of compensation to the dust which causes it. "I have, personally, very little to criticise in this paper but when I listened to Dr du Toit's final conclusions, I wondered whether the words, 'Within the data available', aren't the key to this whole situation. I agree that he has demonstrated a workable relationship between the current industries for levy and dustiness, but among the factors which he lists as being important, I know that there is one which is missing. This is extremely difficult to evaluate. It's a factor which has destroyed, on so many occasions, the work which has been done by so many genuine, intent, honest people working in this field, and this is this unknown factor, this hidden factor of political opportunism, which has so often played a very important part in pneumoconiosis compensation. "How many of us have seen the grubby, grasping fingers of power-mad demagogues, and I can name them for you - but I won't - and also the blatant vote-catching of certain politicians interfering in this field. How, at the end of all that, the poor scientist, the poor dedicated man in the Mines' Department, who has to write the law of compensation, can operate, I do not know. "From this picture the ordinary layman recoils in horror. Among the casualties in this particular war, which has been fought over so many years, I am perfectly certain, are some of the criteria of certification, especially in '56/,57, when that extraordinary condition, known as 'pulmonary disability' was introduced. I am sure there were casualties then, in the criteria of certification. "Nevertheless, this paper is a worthy addition to the long list of scientific work done on this so-important

By D. F. Malan

Considerable practical knowledge and effective use of empirical evidence is required in the design of tunnel support systems. In many instances, it is unclear how individual support elements interact with fractured rock and which elements of the support system are critical in controlling and containing the movement of material proximate to the excavation. The present paper outlines a displacement discontinuity approach that allows the coupling of surface constraints, in the form of liner or mesh material, to an explicit representation of time-dependent rock discontinuity creep movements. The method is illustrated for a simple square-shaped tunnel profile in which the fracture zone is mobilized by an imposed stress field. A crucial aspect of the model is the computational treatment of the coupling between the liner material and there presentation of the fractured rock mass. This allows the response of the liner material to be assessed quantitatively in terms of the possible reduction of movement in the rock mass. The importance of installing the liner timeously after the excavation is formed is illustrated in a specific example. A number of computational difficulties in simulating liner-rock interaction mechanisms are identified.

Jan 1, 2008

By J. Stacey

There are four components to this guideline 1. Guidance on the socio-economic aspects of closure policy 2. Socio-economic closure activities mapped against the mining project life-cycle (a ?check status? tool) 3. A process guide for mine closure planning and implementation 4. Tools in support of mine closure planning and implementation How to use this guideline The four components are part of a hierarchy with: ?Overarching policy as the starting point ?The mine life cycle model as a quick process check tool ?The process guide for detailed practical planning and implementation as practical guidance ?Supportive tools as resources to address specific planning and implementation steps.

Jan 1, 2010

By Matthew D. Viergutz

MECS? HRS technology has reliably recovered intermediate pressure steam from sulphuric acid plants for more than 20 years. This steam can either generate electricity or replace steam produced by an existing fuel-fired boiler. As worldwide greenhouse gas emissions continue to rise, industries are looking for novel and cost effective solutions to reduce pollution, particularly carbon dioxide, from their plants. Waste heat recovery technologies such as HRS offer new and existing plants the opportunity to maximize energy efficiency while reducing their reliance on energy supply from external sources. This paper offers a unique look at energy recovery in sulphuric acid plants and how recent innovations in MECS? Heat Recovery System technology make HRS more financially viable ? and more green - than ever.

Jan 1, 2009

By P. Gauvillé

The key driver for choosing a circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boiler is the ability to burn a wide range of fuels with highly efficient combustion while meeting low emission requirements. Reduced sorbent and water consumption compared with pulverized coal (PC) plants and the ability to deal with corrosive fuel constituents while still meeting local regulations make a CFB boiler-based power plant particularly attractive. CFB-based power generation is particularly relevant in coal mining areas. During mining, a portion of the roof and floor material may be extracted along with the coal seam in order to create adequate working height for the equipment and miners. Therefore, run-of-mine coal which comes directly from the mine contains impurities. The raw coal can undergo a washing or screening process in order to improve its quality by reducing the ash content in the fuel in order to sell it on the export market or to comply with domestic customer requirements. The coal discarded from the washing process usually has a high ash content and difficult mechanical properties resulting from the initial properties, the mining, and the coal cleaning processes. It can contain a large volume of stones or can be very fine as a result of the washing treatment. To create value from burning this discarded coal, the boiler supplier has to meet several technical challenges in developing the appropriate design. This paper highlights the performance achieved with Alstom's CFB boilers developed for power generation over the last two decades to extract value from discarded coals. Emile Huchet Power Plant is the first 125 MWe CFB unit developed for burning coal slurries (called schlamms in France). The Emile Huchet discarded coal fuel is a very fine high-ash residue with an average particle diameter by mass (d50) of around 80 µm as received from the washing plant. The paper describes the performances and the basic design of the CFB boiler to manage such a fine fuel. The performances of two other CFBs of approximately 300 MWe output in operation in the USA and PR China are also mentioned to demonstrate the capability of this technology to burn either low-volatile bituminous or anthracite waste coals. The significant issues experienced during commissioning are reported, and the conceptual choices for burning such fuels are mentioned.

Jan 1, 2012

By Matthew D. Viergutz

MECS? HRS technology has reliably recovered intermediate pressure steam from sulphuric acid plants for more than 20 years. This steam can either generate electricity or replace steam produced by an existing fuel-fired boiler. As worldwide greenhouse gas emissions continue to rise, industries are looking for novel and cost effective solutions to reduce pollution, particularly carbon dioxide, from their plants. Waste heat recovery technologies such as HRS offer new and existing plants the opportunity to maximize energy efficiency while reducing their reliance on energy supply from external sources. This paper offers a unique look at energy recovery in sulphuric acid plants and how recent innovations in MECS? Heat Recovery System technology make HRS more financially viable ? and more green - than ever.

Jan 1, 2009

Sampling In The Coal Industry Exploration, Mine, Met and Environmental Sampling EMMES 2005 3, 4 November 2005

Jan 1, 2005

By G. M. Dunn

Pressure leach autoclave circuits are employed in the leaching of ores, concentrates, mattes, alloys and intermediates for the recovery of metals into solution. Once the metals are extracted into solution, the value metals can be recovered by hydrometallurgical means such as by purification followed by electrowinning, hydrogen reduction, pyrohydrolysis, crystallization and other unit operations. In many of these integrated flowsheets the pressure leach step is pivotal to the recovery of the value metals from the host material. Furthermore, the autoclave circuit invariably is a high capital cost component of the plant and an area that is carefully scrutinized when debottlenecking and capacity increases are being considered. This paper identifies a unique proven way of increasing the capacity of existing or new exothermic pressure oxidative leach autoclave circuits by as much as two or three times.

Jan 1, 2009

By E. Lwamba

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of grain size distribution control of the raw material mixture on the permeability of the green sinter bed and the properties of the produced sinter. This was achieved by evaluating the granulation characteristics of the sinter mixture (moisture content, granulation time and mean granule diameter) in terms of its green bed permeability, and evaluating the productivity of the sinter bed, the coke rate, tumble index (TI), abrasion index (AI), reduction disintegration index(RDI) and reducibility (RI) of the produced sinter. The raw sinter mixtures contained combinations of Thabazimbi iron ore, Sishen iron ore, coke, lime and return fines. The grain size distributions were controlled by removing the ?0.5 mm size fractions of the return fines and coke, and the ?1 mm size fraction of lime. Of the examined mixtures, a mixture of 20 mass% Thabazimbi iron ore, 80 mass% Sishen iron ore and fluxes where the coke, lime and return fines were all sized had the highest granulation effectiveness and permeability. The sintering properties of the mixtures in which the grain size distributions were controlled, were very similar for all the mixtures, but superior to the base case mixture in which the grain size distribution was not controlled. Keywords: Thabazimbi iron ore; Sishen iron ore; granulation, permeability, grain size distribution; sinter.

Jan 1, 2008

By R. Van Deventer

The BIOX® process was developed for the biological pre-treatment of refractory gold ores and concentrates ahead of conventional cyanide leach gold recovery. Rights to the process are currently with BIOMIN Technologies SA, a subsidiary of Gold Fields Limited. There are currently eight operating installations worldwide employing the process on a commercial scale. EKATO is a company specializing in developing new or optimizing existing mixing applications. EKATO has acquired a vast amount of expertise in agitation over its 75 year history. In a joint research project the reactors of the BIOX® process were characterized from the aspect of their mixing performance. BIOMIN is constantly testing new mixing solutions and reviewing potential vendors to increase the efficiency of the BIOX® process. EKATO?s intention was to qualify as an approved vendor for supplying agitation equipment to the BIOX® process. A two step approach was planned: In phase one of the project EKATO would develop an alternative agitation solution to the established option, exhibiting at least similar performance levels. In phase two potential possibilities to improve the overall design would be developed. This paper focuses on phase one and addresses the systematic approach applied by EKATO in characterizing the mixing processes. Mixing tasks were assessed individually applying basic theory and scale-up and -down rules to the individual tasks. Testing with model systems was done at the EKATO technology center in Schopfheim, Germany, on scales of 50 liters and 1 m³. The results showed that the ISOJET-B impeller design showed promising performance under BIOX® reactor conditions. Scale-up with the ISOJET-B was done in order to apply it in the 21 m³ live volume test reactor at Fairview mine in South Africa. At Fairview tests were performed using model systems and eventually under real plant conditions with BIOX® slurries. The results were a success and confirmed that the scale-up factors determined during the testing at EKATO?s technology center could be substantiated in the ?model scale? 25 m³ reactor. Testing under the actual process conditions showed that all design parameters were within the desired range to be considered an excellent leaching performance. This successful joint development shows the importance of a close cooperation of technology licensors or end-users and equipment suppliers. It is vital for understanding all factors influencing the mixing performance of processes. Exercises such as this will provide equipment suppliers and plant operators more confidence in managing further scale ups at ever larger engineered plants.

Jan 1, 2009

This paper presents recent advancements in the MillMapper software technology, developed and used for thickness gauging of liners of cylindrical grinding mills used for mineral comminution. MillMapper uses calibrated laser scanner data captured inside a mill to determine thickness at several million points on all liner surfaces with millimetre accuracy. The paper is structured as follows. First, a review of the technology and its numerous advantages over existing techniques and the value it adds to operations are presented. These are followed by discussion of recently-implemented innovations, including improved visualisation and inspection tools, automatic ball charge volume measurement and automatic mill liner volume/weight measurement. Results from its application at several sites in Australia are presented throughout.

Jan 1, 2007

By J. D. Steenkamp

In 2002 the commissioning of an ilmenite smelter on the North Coast of South Africa was extended by three months due to the failure and subsequent replacement of the magnesia-based refractory lining. The lining failed due to the hydration of magnesia caused by an unexpected source of water. The incident resulted in significant financial losses and a prolonged insurance claim which was settled in 2009. As magnesia-based refractories are used extensively in both ferrous and non-ferrous applications, the authors of the paper want to share the experience gained from this incident with others. The paper reviews the literature available on furnace start-up practices and explains the hydration of magnesia using available sources. The incident is studied in more detail, both technically and economically, and the costs incurred are quantified in terms of the cost of the original lining. The paper concludes with lessons learned and recommendations made for future work. The intention of the paper is to stimulate open debate regarding best practices in preheating of furnaces lined primarily with magnesia. Keywords Commissioning, hydration, start-up, magnesia.

Jan 1, 2011

By K. G. Lomberg, M. D. Lionnet

The Bafokeng Rasimone Platinum Mine (BRPM) is a joint venture between Rustenburg Platinum Mines Limited and Royal Bafokeng Resources (Pty) Ltd (Bafokeng). The mining lease has been granted over Boschkoppie 104JQ and is located approximately 10km south of the Pilanesberg Alkaline Complex. The Merensky Reef, which constitutes the principal ore body, is geologically complex. A relationship between its geological variability and the associated mineralisation has been established by defining a number of facies types. The Merensky Reef has been sub-divided into seven distinct facies types: the pegmatoidal facies, contact facies, FW1 pothole facies, FW3pothole facies, FW6 pothole facies, and FW7 pothole facies. The Merensky Reef, which does not form part of the potholed reef, has a large component of footwall mineralisation. The pothole facies, in contrast, has mineralisation located in the hangingwall. Statistical analysis of the facies types indicates that they are unique populations and hence need to be evaluated independently. The mining lease has distinct structural domains that have added additional complications to evaluation of the Merensky Reef. The Merensky facies on BRPM exhibit unique geological and statistical characteristics within well-defined structural blocks. Due to the extreme variability of the Merensky Reef on BRPM a unique approach has been developed, within Anglo Platinum, to evaluate the deposit. Mining cuts are defined and composited for the individual facies types, and then modelled individually by applying known geological controls. The resultant grade models are weighted based on statistical and local geological knowledge. The object of weighting the facies is to replicate the variability observed in the ore body. The introduction of stringent geological controls to the evaluation process has resulted in increased confidence in the in situgrades estimated as an input to the mine planning process

Jan 1, 2006

By J. Rabe

Tasked with developing a flow sheet for a new resource, one typically turns the experts for help. The advice of an expert can be invaluable in reducing the time and costs associated with characterizing an ore (not to mention extracting maximum information from limited samples). While guiding and optimizing a metallurgical concept study requires a certain skill set, selling a project is something different. The metallurgical specialist is usually not responsible for sharing the results of investigations with potential investors. However, the person responsible for selling the project can ensure that a metallurgical concept study is conducted thoroughly and responsibly without having the ability to do the work, while being sufficiently familiar with the metallurgical aspects to authoritatively sell the project. The process of identifying suitable process routes through to constructing a concept flow sheet and mass balance is discussed as a basic example. From basic mineralogical information and a thorough literature survey, the most likely beneficiation routes can be identified and targeted testing conducted. The final top size will depend on the required product properties (mainly grade), the selected beneficiation technology, and the ore?s liberation properties. Once the required top size has been identified, comminution options can be evaluated. Once again, literature surveys can be used to supplement concept-level comminution property information, and select possible equipment and circuit configurations. Marketing, material handling, and logistics-related information can be used to determine required dewatering technologies. At this stage, enough information is available to develop a concept mass balance and conduct basic equipment sizing..

Jan 1, 2014

By S. Stuurman

Inorganic acids such as sulphuric acid have found use together with certain reducing agents in leaching of copper-cobalt oxide ores. These reagents are not ideal due to the adverse effect the inorganic acids generally have on the environment and the high costs of the reducing agents. In this study a copper-cobalt oxide ore from the Central African Copperbelt was leached in two different environments; sulphuric acid in conjunction with hydrogen peroxide as a reducing agent and tartaric acid. The effects of acid concentration, reducing agent concentration, and temperature were independently determined for both leaching environments. The sulphuric acid concentration was varied between 0.4 M and 1.2 M and the concentration of hydrogen peroxide between 4.0 M and 6.5 M, while the tartaric acid concentration was varied between 0.15 M and 0.35 M. The temperature was varied between 20°C and 50°C. The results showed that the extraction of both copper and cobalt increased with sulphuric acid concentration, reaching a peak at approximately 0.8 M and then decreasing at higher acid concentrations. A similar increase and decrease in metal extraction was observed when the reducing agent was increased. In leaching with tartaric acid, the extraction of cobalt was much higher than that of copper, although extraction of both metals increased with acid concentration. Additions of small amounts of hydrogen peroxide were found to increase cobalt extraction in tartaric acid but had a minimal effect on copper. An increase in the solution temperature had a significant effect in the organic acid environment, with the effect on cobalt extraction being much more pronounced than on copper.

Jan 1, 2014

By K. Arnold

AngloGold Ashanti has been proactive in the field of energy management for many years. AngloGold Ashanti is a signatory to South Africa?s National Energy Accord of 2005 calling for a15% reduction in energy consumption by 2015 for the mining sector. This target also supported our internal targets that were already set. AngloGold Ashanti?s seven South African mines consume on average 440 MW. Due to the dynamics of gold mines, and the large numbers of relatively small energy efficiency initiatives and awareness campaigns made measurement and verification of energy efficiency very difficult at a macro level since some initiatives could get lost in the fluctuating load profile. This paper will discuss the methodology and process followed to quantify the impacts of the combined energy efficiency initiatives at macro level. It will quantify the energy efficiency impacts in megawatt-hours (MWh), financial, and equivalent carbon emissions (CO2e) reduction with reference to our baseline year, 2004, for the Vaal River and West Wits mine clusters.

Jan 1, 2009

By K. -H. Daum

Over many decades, numerous feasibility studies have demonstrated, that the production of sulphuric acid remains the most viable option of sulphur recovery from smelter off gas and abatement of SO2 emissions to the atmosphere. This is particularly more pronounced as smaller but more concentrated off-gas flows are to be treated from smelters, and enhanced sulphuric acid processes become available. Off-gas handling systems represent a significant capital and operating cost burden to the metallurgical operation. Modern pyrometallurgical smelter processes for sulphide ores based on the use of oxygen-enriched air, produce relatively small off-gas flows with high SO2 concentrations in the smelter gas of 30?60%-vol. of SO2. This is a prerequisite for substantial cost reductions in the smelter off-gas handling and treatment system. As an alternative to sulphuric acid production, numerous scrubbing concepts with alkali or dual-alkali combinations as well as organic absorbents have been proposed. Also the reduction of the SO2 to elemental sulphur has frequently been studied. Very few of those alternative processes have been built in industrial scale, but all were generally characterized by none-sustainable operation due to cost reasons, problems with issues related to chemicals used and by-products or poor availability. Thus the traditional concept of converting the SO2 to sulphuric acid is most common, although regarded as uneconomic, but is at least a proven, environmentally sustainable and reliable way of sulphur gas processing. With the high acid price levels these days, operating companies are even able to generate significant revenue with their otherwise ?fatal? acid. Even though smelter gas is available at high SO2 concentrations, in a conventional acid plant one would add large amounts of air to dilute the gas down to a suitable concentration of 12?13 (14) %-vol. SO2. Dealing with higher SO2 concentrations in smelter acid plants is not feasible, as the gas exit temperature of the catalytic oxidation step would exceed the allowable limit for the catalyst. Hence those conventional acid plants are characterized by the use of large equipment, i.e. high capital cost, high energy consumption and limited flexibility. The newly developed LUREC® process can handle off-gas with significantly higher gas concentrations, even in excess of 25%-vol. SO2. It is entirely based on well-proven equipment and unit operations. The first industrial application, operating with 16?18%-vol. SO2 will be presented in this paper, along with the fundamentals of the process. It will be demonstrated that the process requires inherently lower capital cost, fewer operating costs, and offers better energy recovery and lower emissions as compared to conventional design. While most existing smelter acid plants would have some built-in spare capacity, any significant increase of smelter capacity, say of 30%, can basically not be accommodated without installing an additional parallel new acid plant unit. An add-on LUREC® module can remove any such restriction, while simultaneously debottlenecking the existing acid plant. The paper also discusses the present status of the add-on technology for smelter acid plant expansions with respect to technical boundary conditions of different process alternatives as well as economic and environmental aspects. Application of the LUREC® process to modern smelter acid plants operating with high SO2 gas concentration, will lead to a substantial reduction of the specific size of the gas processing equipment and equivalent savings in capital and operating cost. The LUREC® process is patented worldwide by OUTOTEC.

Jan 1, 2009

By X. Yang, G. D. Zhai

The prop is the most important part to ensure the proper functioning of hydraulic support. When the hydraulic support is impacted by the roof, the prop is prone to extrusion deformation, expansion, and even bursting. In order to study the stress on a doubly-telescopic hydraulic support prop under impact load, an impact simulation was carried out based on the drop weight method. First, the impact model of the hydraulic system of the prop was established in AMESim software and the dynamic response curves of the bottom and middle cylinder of the prop obtained. Then, according to the conservation of energy, the pressure formulaes in the hydraulic cylinder of the prop under impact load were derived and verified by the AMESim simulation results, and the maximum pressure on the inner surface of the hydraulic cylinder of the prop obtained. Lastly, the transient dynamic simulation of a hydraulic support prop was carried out in ANSYS Workbench software, and cloud diagrams of stress and deformation of the prop obtained using Workbench simulation. The AMESim simulation process describes the change in fluid pressure in the prop, and the pressure formulae can be used to estimate the internal pressure of the prop under impact load. The finite element analysis results show that the stress of the middle hydraulic cylinder is much greater than that on the bottom hydraulic cylinder under impact load, which can provide a reference for prop design.

Jul 2, 2022