Behavior Of Rock Anchors And Sockets

Design methods for foundation anchors and sockets constructed in rock are based largely on empirical correlations which yield a reasonable estimate for initial capacity, but do not address the general concerns of failure mode and load-displacement behavior. This paper focuses on the behavior of foundation-rock interfaces and shows that interface behavior under increasing load results in a progression from an elastic response to secondary behavior, in which interface failure occurs, and finally to a residual stage at large deformations. Procedures to follow this progression are outlined to provide a more fundamental understanding of the problem.