Pyrometallurgy

Davey, T. R. A. ; Woods, S. E. ; Bird, R. L. ; Blair, J. C. ; Stacey, G. S. ; Sherman, J. W. ; DiSanto, B. J. ; Cullom, J. T. ; Bjorling, G. ; Honkasalo, Jorma
Organization: Society for Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration
Pages: 59
Publication Date: Jan 1, 1985
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Most pyrometallurgical processes take place at high temperature with rapid chemical reactions when the elements and compounds are usually liquid or gaseous. Smelting. The classical method of obtaining a metal from its ore or concentrate is to smelt it in a furnace. The initial letter "s" of this word implies that, in addition to the physical process of melting, a chemical change also occurs. This is usually the reduction of metal oxide to metal by carbon or through a series of processes involving oxidation and reduction. Since solid-solid contact would not be sufficient to give a high rate of reaction, most smelting reactions occur by medium of two reactions involving solid-gaseous contact: where M represents a metal. The commonly preferred unit for carrying out these reactions is the blast furnace,1 which is a vertical shaft of refractory brick or water-cooled steel in which lumps of metal oxide and coke are fed at the top, and an air-blast is injected through tuyeres (water-cooled pipes) in the bottom. Molten metal is withdrawn from a pool at the bottom of the furnace, while N2, CO, and CO2 gases leave the top of the furnace, carrying some fine dust or fume with them, which
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